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2 Neuroanatomy > Lecture 7, Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Lecture 7, Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Cervicomedullary junction

A

foramen magnum and pyramidal decussation
caudal limit of brainstem

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2
Q

Midbrain-diencephalic junction

A

brainstem meets the thalamus and hypothalamus at the level of the tentorium cerebelli

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3
Q

Hypoglossal trigone/vagal trigone

A

formed by the hypoglossal nucleus and dorsal motor nucleus of vagus

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4
Q

Facial colliculi

A

formed by the abducens nuclei and fibers of the facial nerve

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5
Q

The pons is attached to the cerebellum by

A

large white matter tracts called superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar peduncles

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6
Q

Motor cranial nerve nuclei are located

A

more ventrally

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7
Q

Sensory cranial nerve nuclei are located

A

more dorsally

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8
Q

Somatic motor nuclei

A

CN 3, 4, 6, 12
derived from occipital somites
extraocular muscles, intrinsic tongue muscles

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9
Q

Visceral motor nuclei

A

made up of branchial motor nuclei and parasympathetic nuclei

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10
Q

Branchial motor nuclei

A

CN 5, CN 7, 9, 10, 11
innervate striated muscles
muscles of mastication, facial expression, middle ear, pharynx, larynx, SCM, traps

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11
Q

Parasympathetic motor nuclei

A

CN 3, 7, 9, 10
do not innervate striated muscle, but innervate glands, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle

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12
Q

Visceral sensory column

A

made of 2 parts
rostral nucleus solitarius
caudal nucleus solitarius

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13
Q

Rostral nucleus solitarius

A

receives taste inputs primarily from CN 7, 9, 10

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14
Q

Caudal nucleus solitarius

A

receives inpt to regulate cardiac, respiratory, and GI function from 9 and 10

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15
Q

General somatosensory nuclei/trigeminal

A

mediate touch, pain, temp, poisition and vibration sense for the face, sinuses, and meninges. Mostly CN 5 (7, 9, 10)

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16
Q

Special somatic sensory

A

olfaction, vision, hearing, vestibular sensation
CN 8

17
Q

Special senses

A

olfaction, vision, hearing, vestibular sense, taste

olfaction and vision do not have their primary sensory nuclei in brainstem

18
Q

Olfactory Nerve

A

specialized chemoreceptors on bipolar primary sensory neurons

axons travel via olfactory nerves, synapse in olfactory bulbs, and travel through tracts. ends in temporal lobe

19
Q

Optic Nerve

A

carries visual info from retina to LGN nucleus of the thalamus

visual info travels in optic nerve from orbit to intracranial cavity via optic canal

20
Q

Edinger-Westphal

A

nucleus in the midbrain
these synapse on ciliary ganglion located in the orbit
postganglionic neurons then go to pupillary constrictor and ciliary muscles

21
Q

Mesencephalic nucleus

A

carry proprioceptive input from the muscles of mastication, tongue, and extraocular muscles

22
Q

Main/chief trigeminal sensory nucleus

A

provude sensory for the face and head that are analogous to posterior columns (DCML)

23
Q

Spinal trigeminal

A

provide sensory for the face and head that are analogous to the ALS

24
Q

Trigeminal Lemniscus pathway

A

Trigeminal ganglion–> main trigeminal sensory nucleus–> 2nd order decussates and ascends in trigeminal lemniscus –> syanpses on VPM in thalamus –> 3rd order leaves VPM –> internal capsule __> corona radiata –> S1

25
Q

Trigeminothalamic Pathway

A

Trigeminal ganglion–> spinal trigeminal tract__> spinal trigeminal nucleus–> trigeminothalamic tract –> VPM –> internal capsule –> corona radiata –> S1

26
Q

Mesencephalic Trigeminal Tract

A

Mesencephalic nucleus –> mesencephalic trigeminal tract –> main trigeminal sensory nucleus –> trigeminal lemniscus –> VPM –> internal capsule –> corona radiata –> S1

27
Q

Facial Nerve categories

A

Brancial motor
parasympathetic
visceral sensory, special
somatic sensory

28
Q

Branchial Motor CN VII

A

muscles of facial expresion

29
Q

Parasympathetic CN VII

A

lacrimal glands, sublingual, submandibular, salivary glands besides parotid

30
Q

Visceral sensory CN VII

A

taste from 2/3 tongue

31
Q

General Somatic Sensory

A

sensation from samll region near ear

32
Q

Preganglionic Parasympathethic Fibers of CN VII

A

originate in superior salivatory nucleus

33
Q

CN VIII

A

special somatic sensory for hearing

34
Q

Summary of sound

A

sound enter the external auditory meatus, transmitted mechanically by middle ear to cochlea, transduced by hair cells to neural signals carried by cochlear nerve

35
Q

Dorsal Cochlear Nuclei

A

Spiral ganglion–> DCN–> crosses–> trap body–> inf colliculus–> MGN –> A1

36
Q

Ventral Cochlear Nuclei

A

Spiral ganglion–> VCN–> splits into 2 separate paths at pons

  1. superior olivary–> inf colliculus–> MGN–> A1
  2. Trapezoid body–> inf colliculus –>MGN–> A1

2 Neuroanatomy (14 decks)

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