Lecture #9 Assignment Flashcards
Urine output below 500ml/day is termed ______________________.
oliguria
If excessive protein is detected in the urine, it usually means that which part of the nephron is damaged? _________________________
the glomerulus
The __________________transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body for disposal.
urethra
The bladder is comprised of smooth muscle collectively called the ___________________.
the detrusor muscle
The calyces of the kidney merge to form what kidney structure?
renal pelvis
What do we call the entry and exit site for structures servicing the kidneys?
The renal hilum
The functional units of the kidneys are the ___________________________.
nephrons
A modified, smooth muscle cell lining the afferent arteriole that can contract or relax in response to ATP or adenosine released by the macula densa is known as a _______________________________.
the juxtaglomerular cell
Angiotensin I is not biologically active until converted to angiotensin II by _____________________________________.
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
The amount of filtrate the kidneys produce each minute is called the _________________________________________.
glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
What kind of transport mechanism utilizes energy to move a substance across a membrane from a low to a high concentration?
active transport
As sodium is pumped out of the proximal convoluted tubule, water follows passively to maintain an isotonic fluid environment inside the capillary, in a process known as ___________________________________.
obligatory water reabsorption
Excess sugar in the urine is known as _______________________________.
glycosuria
Solutes and water recovered from the ascending and descending loops of Henle are returned to the circulation by way of the _________________________.
vasa recta
What type of cell secretes or absorbs acid or bicarbonate?
an intercalated cell
