Lecture 9 - Grain Legumes Flashcards
(41 cards)
legume family name
fabaceae
types of legumes
forages, pulses, grain, oil seeds, vegetables
why eat legumes
high protein, complex carbohydrate, source of iron zinc, vit b, folic acid, soluble fiber, gluten free
proteins are complementary to cereals (high in lysine)
low in sulfur containing amino acids
legume cereal ratio
3 cereal: 1 legume
common bean scientific name
phaseolus vulgaris L
are common beans self pollinated
yes
dry beans vs snap beans
dry beans = cultivated for mature seed
snap beans = selected for succulent, fiber free pods eaten at immature stage
2 centers of domestication for beans
Andean ( large seeded)
Mesoamerican: small and medium seeded
where is bean production primarily in Africa
highland areas or places with more moderate climate and higher rainfall
what beans types are most common in Africa
large seeded andean bush intercropped with corn
major pest of bean
bean fly
bean production constraints in the tropics
diverse environments
greater # of pests and disease
more problems with abiotic stress (heat, drought)
lack of infastructure
where is pigeon pea native to
Africa
what place grows 95% of worlds pigeon pea crop
india
pigeon pea is a major source of _____ to about 20% of world population
protein
______ is the most versatile legume with diversified uses such as food, feed, fodder, and fuel
pigeon pea
2 plant types of pigeon pea
dwarf and normal
constraints to growing pigeon pea
no availability of quality seed or improved varieties
low harvest index
long crop duration
pests
poor agronomic practices
what was the world first hybrid legume
hybrid pigeon pea
benefits of hybrid pigeon pea
160-180 days maturity, high yield, disease resistant, high seed quality
peanut (groundnut) scientific name
Arachis hypogaea
_____ is the 4th world leading oilseed crop after oil palm, soybean, and rapeseed
peanut
what area produces the most peanuts
asia
origin of peanut
near Bolivia, Uruguay, and Paraguay
