Lecture Exam 3

Question 1

Eukaryotic cells spend most of their time in which phase?

Answer 1

Interphase

Question 2

During mitosis, a parent cell produces _____ genetically _____ daughter cells.

Answer 2

2; indentical

Question 3

The process by which the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell divides to produces two cells is called _____.

Answer 3

cytokinesis

Question 4

At the end of meiosis; a parent cell produces ___ daughter cells.

Answer 4

4

Question 5

Chromosomes are replicated in which phase of the cell life cycle?

Answer 5

S phase

Question 6

The process of cross over occurs during

Answer 6

mitosis, prophase

Question 7

When chromosomes are replicated, the copies are called _____ chromatids.

Answer 7

sister

Question 8

Which of the following occurs during metaphase?

Answer 8

Mitotic spindle spread pole to pole with chromosomes aligned at center.

Question 9

What occurs during telophase?

Answer 9

Nuclear envelope reforms, chromatin uncoils

Question 10

Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk who used ____ to study the principles of genetics.

Answer 10

garden peas

Question 11

An example of Mendel’s law of independent assortment would be

Answer 11

why the color of a flower is independent from the inheritance of height of a plant

Question 12

In pea plants purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. A pea plant with two copies of a purple allele with produce purple flowers. Such a plant would be categorized as ____.

Answer 12

homozygous dominant

Question 13

A cleft chin is a dominant trait. If an individual has a cleft chin, they must be

Answer 13

homozygous dominant or heterozygous

Question 14

Freckles are a dominant trait. If an individual does not have freckles, they must be

Answer 14

homozygous recessive

Question 15

If 2 individuals that are heterozygous for a recessive genetic disorder reproduce, what are the chances that one of their children will exhibit the disorder

Answer 15

1 in 4

Question 16

An individual that is heterozygous for a recessive genetic disorder is

Answer 16

a carrier but not affected by the disorder

Question 17

All offspring of a cross between a red flowered plant and a white flowered plant have pink flowers. This means that the allele for red flowers is ____ to the allele of white flowers.

Answer 17

incomplete dominant

Question 18

You cross 2 true breeding lines of hamsters, 1 that produces only black hamsters and 1 that produces only white hamsters, Which color would be the offspring of the F1 generation?

Answer 18

only black

Question 19

You cross 2 true breeding lines of hamsters, 1 that produces only black, and 1 only white. What are the possible genotypes of the F1 generation.

Answer 19

only Bb.

Question 20

What best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?

Answer 20

DNA, mRNA, protein

Question 21

What is not found in RNA

Answer 21

thymine

Question 22

What is the complimentary strand to AAACGCC?

Answer 22

TTTGCGG

Question 23

During the process of DNA repication, the enzyme DNA polymerase

Answer 23

links nucleotides to the new strand of DNA to compliment the old strand

Question 24

If the template strand of DNA has a nucleotide sequence CGGTAC, following transcription, the corresponding mRNA would have the nucleotide sequence of

Answer 24

GCCAUG

Question 25

The shape of a DNA molecule is more like a

Answer 25

twisted rope ladder

Question 26

The direction for each amino acid in a polypeptide is indicated by a codon that consist of ____ nucleotide in an RNA molecule.

Answer 26

3

Question 27

Messenger RNA

Answer 27

moves between he nucleus and the ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Question 28

Which molecule contains codon?

Answer 28

coding strands of DNA

Question 29

In eukaryotic cells, transcription occurs

Answer 29

in the ER

Question 30

What acts as a start sequence to begin protein synthesis

Answer 30

AUG

Question 31

The central dogma of molecular biology is a framework for understanding

Answer 31

How DNA is replicated

Question 32

In eukaryotic cells, translation occurs

Answer 32

in the nucleus

Question 33

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called

Answer 33

translation

Question 34

Cancer is caused by

Answer 34

uncontrolled cell division

Question 35

What feature of plant cell division distinguishes it from animal cell division?

Answer 35

formation of a cell plate

Question 36

In prokaryotic cells, transcription occurs

Answer 36

In the cytoplasm

Question 37

DNA molecules have a sugar phosphate backbone.

Answer 37

false

Question 38

A physical or chemical agent that changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called

Answer 38

a mutagen

Question 39

Siblings ho have the same two biological parents are likely to look similar, but not identical because of

Answer 39

a similar but not identical combination of genes

Question 40

If a cell resembles the number 8 in shape, it is about to undergo

Answer 40

mitosis

Question 41

Gametes are

Answer 41

diploid

Question 42

Which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope reform?

Answer 42

telophase

Question 43

Mitosis promotes genetic diversity

Answer 43

false

Question 44

Translation of mRNA into a protein occurs inside the nucleus

Answer 44

false

Question 45

A haploid cell contains double the number of chromosomes as a diploid cell.

Answer 45

false

Question 46

In a true breeding line, the genotype for the trait is homozygous.

Answer 46

true

Question 47

When two gametes fuse together during fertilization, the result called a zygote is a haploid

Answer 47

false

Question 48

The nucleotide sequence of coding strand of DNA and a molecule of mRNA are the same except for U for T substitution.

Answer 48

true

Question 49

All mutations are considered bad for organisms

Answer 49

false

Question 50

The term meta in metaphase means middle

Answer 50

true

Question 51

The enzyme DNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of messenger RNA

Answer 51

false

Question 52

Mitosis in a multicellular organism is one way in which it grows

Answer 52

true

Question 53

Some amino acids are coded for by more than one codon.

Answer 53

true