Lecture Exam 4 clinical

Question 1

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with the following symptoms: When looking at a fixed point, the person can see an object that is straight ahead (macular vision) but cannot see anything to either side of their central visual field. They feel pain despite that fact that there is no injury and there is sensory loss on the left side of the body. An MRI scan detects a large mass of blood in one hemisphere.
-what condition/disease/neurological deficit would you diagnose?

Answer 1

posterior cerebral artery stroke

Question 2

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with the following symptoms: When looking at a fixed point, the person can see an object that is straight ahead (macular vision) but cannot see anything to either side of their central visual field. They feel pain despite that fact that there is no injury and there is sensory loss on the left side of the body. An MRI scan detects a large mass of blood in one hemisphere.
-define this condition/disease/neurological deficit

Answer 2

blood supply from artery is restricted

Question 3

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with the following symptoms: When looking at a fixed point, the person can see an object that is straight ahead (macular vision) but cannot see anything to either side of their central visual field. They feel pain despite that fact that there is no injury and there is sensory loss on the left side of the body. An MRI scan detects a large mass of blood in one hemisphere.
-where has the damage occurred in the brain (artery, nucleus, hemisphere)?

Answer 3

calcarine cortex, LH, CC

Question 4

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with difficulty with speech output and writing, but language comprehension is spared. An MRI indicates a blood clot in one hemisphere of the brain.
-what condition/disease/neurological defect would you diagnose?

Answer 4

middle cerebral artery stroke and Broca’s aphasia

Question 5

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with difficulty with speech output and writing, but language comprehension is spared. An MRI indicates a blood clot in one hemisphere of the brain.
-define this condition/disease/neurological deficit

Answer 5

sudden loss of neurological focuses in area of brain that the middle cerebral artery supplies

Question 6

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with difficulty with speech output and writing, but language comprehension is spared. An MRI indicates a blood clot in one hemisphere of the brain.
-where did the damage occur?

Answer 6

Left operculum/LH

Question 7

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with alexia (word blindness or inability to read). You suspect a stroke and an MRI confirms your diagnosis.
-where is the damage in the brain?

Answer 7

lesion in the LH and the CC destroyed, caused by disconnection of right occipital cortex from LH

Question 8

You are a physician in an emergency room and are asked to consult on the brain scan of a patient with an occlusion (blockage) in the small branches of the right hemisphere anterior cerebral artery.
-what areas of the brain do these branches supply?

Answer 8

• deeper cerebrum
• limbic structures
• head of caudate
• anterior limb of internal capsule

Question 9

You are a physician in an emergency room and are asked to consult on the brain scan of a patient with an occlusion (blockage) in the small branches of the right hemisphere anterior cerebral artery.
-what symptoms should the patient show if the brain scan shows that the anterior cerebral arteries arise from a single trunk?

Answer 9

bilateral stroke which results in sever behavioral disturbance, with profound apathy, motor inertia, and muteness

Question 10

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with the following symptoms: They have motor apraxia (difficulty or inability to learn motor tasks).
-what condition/disease/neurological deficit would you diagnose?

Answer 10

middle cerebral artery stroke

Question 11

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with the following symptoms: They have motor apraxia (difficulty or inability to learn motor tasks).
-define this condition/disease/neurological deficit

Answer 11

sudden loss of neurological focuses in area of brain that the middle cerebral artery supplies

Question 12

You are a physician in an emergency room with a patient who presents with the following symptoms: They have motor apraxia (difficulty or inability to learn motor tasks).
-where has the damage occurred in the brain?

Answer 12

LH damage in parietal lobe

Question 13

You are a physician in an emergency room and are asked to consult on the brain scan of a patient with an occlusion (blockage) in the basilar artery.
-name two areas of the brain this artery supplies

Answer 13

cerebellum, brainstem, occipital lobes

Question 14

You are a physician in an emergency room and are asked to consult on the brain scan of a patient with an occlusion (blockage) in the basilar artery.
-what symptoms might the patient show in a bilateral stroke of the basilar artery?

Answer 14

Anton’s syndrome, corticol blindness, but denial by patient that they are blind