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Leg & Foot Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

Abductor digiti minimi ACTION

A

Flexes 5th toe

Assists with abduction

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2
Q

Abductor digiti minimi INSERTION

A

Smooth groove on plantar surface of the base of 5th
metatarsal
With the FDMB to the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th toe

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3
Q

Abductor digiti minimi NERVE

A

Lateral Plantar n. (S1,S2,S3)

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4
Q

Abductor digiti minimi ORIGIN

A

Both processes of the calcaneal tuberosity
Plantar surface between calcaneal processes
Plantar aponeurosis
Intermuscular septum between the adductor digiti minimi and flexor digitorum brevis

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5
Q

Abductor Hallucis ACTION

A

Abduction of MTP of great toe
Assists in flexion
Assists in adduction of the forefoot

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6
Q

Abductor Hallucis INSERTION

A

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe. Medial sesmoid bone

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7
Q

Abductor Hallucis NERVE

A

Medial Plantar n. (S1,S2)

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8
Q

Abductor Hallucis ORIGIN

A

Medial process of tuberosity of calcaneus
Flexor retinaculum
Plantar aponeurosis
Adjacent intermuscular septum

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9
Q

Adductor Hallucis ACTION

A

Adduction

Assists in flexion of MTP of great toe

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10
Q

Adductor Hallucis INSERTION

A

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

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11
Q

Adductor Hallucis NERVE

A

Lateral Plantar n. (S2,S3)

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12
Q

Adductor Hallucis ORIGIN

A

OBLIQUE HD:
From bases of 2-4th metatarsal bones and sheath of fibularis longus tendon
TRANSVERSE HD:
From plantar MTP ligaments of 3-5th digits and deep transverse ligament

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13
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus ACTION

A

Extend MTP joints
Assists in extension of IP 2-5
DF and EV

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14
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus INSERTION

A

By 4 tendons to the 2-5th digits, each tendon forms an expansion on the dorsal surface of the toe, and divides
into an intermediate slip attached to base of middle phalanx and into 2 lateral slips

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15
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus NERVE

A

Deep Fibular n. (L4, L5, S1)

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16
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus ORIGIN

A 
Lateral condyle of tibia
Proximal ¾ of anterior surface of body of fibula
Proximal part of interosseous membrane
Adjacent intermuscular septa
Deep fascia
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17
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis ACTION

A

Great toe MTP Extension

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18
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis INSERTION

A

Dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

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19
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis NERVE

A

Deep Fibular n. (L4,L5,S1)

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20
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis ORIGIN

A

Distal part of superior and lateral surfaces of calcaneus
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Apex of inferior extensor retinaculum

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21
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus ACTION

A

Great toe IP and MTP extension

Assist in inversion of foot and dorsiflexion of ankle

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22
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus INSERTION

A

Base of dorsal distal phalanx of great toe

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23
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus NERVE

A

Deep Fibular n. (L4,L5, S1)

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24
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus ORIGIN

A

Middle 2 quarters of anterior surface of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane

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25
Fibularis Brevis ACTION
Eversion | Assists in plantar flexion
26
Fibularis Brevis INSERTION
Lateral part of styloid process of 5th metatarsal
27
Fibularis Brevis NERVE
Superficial Fibular n. (L4,L5,S1)
28
Fibularis Brevis ORIGIN
Distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula and adjacent intermuscular septa
29
Fibularis Longus ACTION
Eversion Assists in plantar flexion Depresses first metatarsal head
30
Fibularis Longus INSERTION
Lateral side of base of 1st metatarsal and of medial cuneiform bone
31
Fibularis Longus NERVE
Superficial Fibular n. (L4,L5,S1)
32
Fibularis Longus ORIGIN
Lateral tibial condyle Head and proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula, Intermuscular septa Adjacent deep fascia
33
Fibularis Tertius ACTION
Ankle DF | Foot Eversion
34
Fibularis Tertius INSERTION
Dorsal surface, base of 5th metatarsal
35
Fibularis Tertius NERVE
Deep Fibular n. (L4-L5-S1)
36
Fibularis Tertius ORIGIN
Distal 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane and adjacent intermuscular septa
37
Flexor digiti minimi brevis ACTION
MTP flexion of 5th digit
38
Flexor digiti minimi brevis INSERTION
Distal tendon that inserts into the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the minimus (5th digit).
39
Flexor digiti minimi brevis NERVE
Lateral Plantar n. (S2, S3)
40
Flexor digiti minimi brevis ORIGIN
Medial part of the plantar surface of the base of the 5th metatarsal bone Sheath of the fibularis longus
41
Flexor digitorum longus FUNCTION
Flexion of PIP, DIP and MTP of digits 2-5 | Assists in ankle plantar flexion and foot inversion
42
Flexor digitorum longus INSERTION
Bases of distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th digits
43
Flexor digitorum longus NERVE
Tibial n. (L5,S1,S2)
44
Flexor digitorum longus ORIGIN
Middle 3/5 of posterior surface of body of tibia and from fascia covering the posterior tibialis
45
Flexor digitorum | brevis ACTION
PIP Flexion | Assists in flexion of 2-5th MTP
46
Flexor digitorum | brevis INSERTION
Middle phalanx of 2-5th digits
47
Flexor digitorum | brevis NERVE
Medial Plantar n. (S1,S2)
48
Flexor digitorum | brevis ORIGIN
Medial process of tuberosity of calcaneus Central part of plantar aponeurosis Adjacent intermuscualr septa
49
Flexor hallucis brevis ACTION
Flexion of MTP of great toe
50
Flexor hallucis brevis INSERTION
Medial and lateral sides of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
51
Flexor hallucis brevis NERVE
Medial Plantar n. (S1,S2)
52
Flexor hallucis brevis ORIGIN
Medial part of plantar surface of cuboid bone Adjacent part of lateral cuneiform bone Tendon of posterior tibialis
53
Flexor hallucis longus FUNCTION
Great toe IP flexion Assists in metatarsophalangeal flexion Ankle plantar flexion Foot inversion
54
Flexor hallucis longus INSERTION
Base of distal phalanx of great toe and plantar surface
55
Flexor hallucis longus NERVE
Tibial n. (L5,S1,S2)
56
Flexor hallucis longus ORIGIN
Posterior surfac of distal 2/3 of fibula, interosseous membrane, and adjacent intermuscular septa and fascia
57
Gastrocnemius (lateral head) FUNCTION
Talocrural plantar flexion | Assists in knee flexion
58
Gastrocnemius (lateral head) INSERTION
Middle part of posterior surface of calcaneus
59
Gastrocnemius (lateral head) NERVE
Tibial n. (S1, S2)
60
Gastrocnemius (lateral head) ORIGIN
Lateral condyle and posterior surface of femur | Capsule of knee
61
Gastrocnemius (medial head) FUNCTION
Talocrural plantar flexion Assits in knee flexion Subtalar joint inversion (supination)
62
Gastrocnemius (medial head) INSERTION
Middle part of posterior surface of calcaneus
63
Gastrocnemius (medial head) NERVE
Tibial n. (S1,S2)
64
Gastrocnemius (medial head) ORIGIN
Proximal and posterior part of medial condyle Adjacent part of femur Capsule of knee joint
65
Interossei ACTION
PLANTAR (3): Adduct toes 3-5 toward axial line through the 2nd digit. IP extension of toes 3-5 DORSAL (4) Abduct toes 2-4 from axial line through the 2nd digit. MTP flexion of toes 2-4 IP extension of toes 2-4
66
Interossei INSERTION
PLANTAR (3)L: Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of toes 3-5 DORSAL (4): Medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe and lateral sides of toes 2-4
67
Interossei NERVE
Lateral Plantar n. (S2,S3)
68
Interossei ORIGIN
PLANTAR (3): Bases and medial sides of bodies of 3-5th metatarsal bones DORSAL (4): Each by 2 heads from adjacent sides of the metatarsal bones
69
Lumbricals ACTION
MTP flexion | Assists in IP 2-5th extension
70
Lumbricals INSERTION
Medial side of proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion of EDL tendon of toes 2-5
71
Lumbricals NERVE
1 - Medial Plantar n. (S1,S2) | 2-4: Lateral Plantar n. (S2,S3)
72
Lumbricals ORIGIN
1st from medial side of 1st FDL tendon 2nd from adjacent sides of 1st and 2nd FDL tendons 3rd from adjacent sides of 2nd and 3rd FDL tendons 4th from adjacent sides of 3rd and 4th FDL tendons
73
Plantaris FUNCTION
Plantar flexion | Assists in knee flexion
74
Plantaris INSERTION
Posterior part of calcaneus
75
Plantaris NERVE
Tibial n. (L4,L5,S1,S2)
76
Plantaris ORIGIN
Distal part of lateral supracondylar line of femur and adjacent part of its popliteal surface Oblique popliteal ligament of knee joint
77
Popliteus ACTION
NWB: MR of tibia on the femur Knee flexion WB: LR of femur on tibia Knee flexion Helps reinforce posterior ligament of knee joint
78
Popliteus INSERTION
Triangular area proximal to soleal line on posterior surface of tibia Fascia covering the muscle
79
Popliteus NERVE
Tibial n. (L4, L5, S1)
80
Popliteus ORIGIN
Anterior part of groove on lateral condyle of femur | Oblique popliteal ligament of knee joint
81
Quadratus plantae ACTION
Modifies line of pull of the flexor digitorum longus tendons | Flexion of toes 2-5
82
Quadratus plantae INSERTION
Lateral margin | Dorsal and plantar surfaces of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
83
Quadratus plantae NERVE
Lateral Plantar n. (S1,S2,S3)
84
Quadratus plantae ORIGIN
MEDIAL HEAD Medial surface of calcaneus Medial border of long plantar ligament LATERAL HEAD Lateral border of plantar surface of calcaneus Lateral border of long plantar ligament
85
Soleus FUNCTION
Talocrural plantar flexion | Subtalar joint inversion (supination)
86
Soleus INSERTION
Posterior part of calcaneus
87
Soleus NERVE
Tibial n. (S1, S2)
88
Soleus ORIGIN
``` Posterior surfaces of fibular head Posterior surface of proximal 1/3 of fibula Soleal line Middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia Tendinous arch between tibia and fibula ```
89
Tibialis Anterior ACTION
Ankle dorsiflexion | Assists in foot inversion
90
Tibialis Anterior INSERTION
Medial and plantar surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal bone
91
Tibialis Anterior NERVE
Deep Fibular n. (L4,L5,S1)
92
Tibialis Anterior ORIGIN
``` Lateral condyle tibia Proximal 1/2 of lateral surface of tibia Interosseus membrane Deep fascia Lateral intermuscular septa ```
93
Tibialis Posterior ACTION
Inversion | Assists in ankle plantar flexion
94
Tibialis Posterior INSERTION
Tuberosity of navicular bone and by fibrous expansions to the sustentaculum talk, all cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of 2nd,3rd and 4th metatarsal bones
95
Tibialis Posterior NERVE
Tibial n. (L4, L5, S1)
96
Tibialis Posterior ORIGIN
Most of interosseous membrane, lateral portion of posterior surface of tibia, proximal 2/3 of medial surface of fibula, adjacent inter-muscular septa, and deep fascia
97
Extensor digitorum brevis ORIGIN
Distal part of superior and lateral surfaces of calcaneus Lateral talocalcaneal ligament Apex of inferior extensor retinaculum
98
Extensor digitorum brevis INSERTION
By 4 tendons to 1-4th digits. The most medial slip (EHB) inserts into dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of great toe. Other 3 tendons join lateral sides of tendons of EDL to 2nd, 3rd, and 4th digits
99
Extensor digitorum brevis ACTION
IP and MTP joint extension of toes 2-4
100
Extensor digitorum brevis NERVE
Deep fibular (L4,5,S1)

Anatomy (8 decks)

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