Lekce 1

Question 1

Miluje práci na plný plyn

Answer 1

He/She loves work at full throttle.
هو/هي يحب/تحب العمل بكل طاقته

Question 2

Je nezadná

Answer 2

Single

Question 3

For better performance

Answer 3

K lepším výkům

Question 4

Although he/she is always busy, he/she never loses a good mood.

Answer 4

Přestože je sále v jednom kole, nikdy neztrácí dobrou náladu.

Question 5

pronajmout si (pf) ↔ pronajímat si(impf)

Answer 5

to rent

Conjugation:
▪️ já: pronajmu si / pronajímám si
▪️ ty: pronajmeš si / pronajímáš si
▪️ on: pronajme si / pronajímá si
▪️ my: pronajmeme si / pronajímáme si
▪️ vy: pronajmete si / pronajímáte si
▪️ oni: pronajmou si / pronajímají si

Past: pronajal(a) si / pronajímali si
Future (impf): budu pronajímat si

Examples:
▫️ PF: Zítra si pronajmu auto. (I’ll rent a car tomorrow)
▫️ IMPF: Vždy si pronajímám byt. (I always rent a flat)

Symbol Key:
↔ = verb pair
▫️ = example
▪️ = conjugation point
(pf) = perfective
(impf) = imperfective

Question 6

Which she is literally dependent on.

Answer 6

Na které je doslova závislá

Question 7

تخفف التوتر أثناء القراءة.
She/He relieves tension while reading

Answer 7

Napětí uvolňuje při čtení

Question 8

I Visit

Answer 8

The Czech word “Navštěvuji” translates to “I visit” in English.

In Arabic, it would be:

“أزور”
(pronounced: “Azur”)

Question 9

هو/هي يتفاهم/تفاهم جيدًا مع زميل دراسي سابق.”

Answer 9

The Czech sentence “Bývalým spolužákem si skvěle rozumí” translates to:

“He/She gets along great with a former classmate.”

Question 10

هم يمزحون

Answer 10

The Czech phrase “Dělají legrací” translates to:

“They are joking” or “They are making fun.”

Question 11

Sice

Answer 11

The Czech word “sice” can be translated into English as “although” or “though,” depending on the context. It is often used to introduce a contrast or concession.

For example:

“Sice je unavený, ale stále pracuje.” translates to “Although he is tired, he is still working.”

In Arabic, “sice” would generally be translated as “على الرغم من” (pronounced: “Ala al-raghm min”), meaning “although” or “even though.”

Question 12

Tvarí vs tvrdí

Answer 12

In Czech, “tvarí” and “tvrdí” are two different verbs with distinct meanings:

1. Tvarí is the third person singular form of the verb “tvarit se”, which means “to pretend” or “to act as if.”

Example: “Tvarí se, že je unavený.” (He/She pretends to be tired.)

2. Tvrdí is the third person singular form of the verb “tvrdit”, which means “to assert” or “to claim.”

Example: “Tvrdí, že to udělal.” (He/She claims that he did it.)

In summary:

Tvarí = to pretend, to appear in a certain way.

Tvrdí = to claim, to assert.

Question 13

Trvat

Answer 13

In Czech, the verb “to last” can be translated as “trvat”.

For example:

“Jak dlouho to bude trvat?” – “How long will it last?”

“To trvalo celé hodiny.” – “It lasted for hours.”

In Arabic, “to last” would be translated as “يدوم” (pronounced: “Yadum”) for masculine or “تدوم” (pronounced: “Tadum”) for feminine.

Example:

“كم من الوقت سيدوم هذا؟” – “How long will this last?”

Question 14

He is a promising actor

Answer 14

The Czech sentence “Je nadějný herec”

In Arabic, it would be:

“هو ممثل واعد.”
(pronounced: “Huwa mumathil wa’id.”)

Question 15

“currently” or “at the moment”

Answer 15

momentálně

Question 16

An artist who just sits around in a pub.

Answer 16

Umělce, který jen vysedává v hospodě.

Question 17

to exercise” or “to train

Answer 17

cvičit

Question 18

Vtipný

Answer 18

The Czech word “vtipný” translates to “funny” or “humorous” in English.

In Arabic, it would be:

“ظريف”
(pronounced: “Zareef”)

Question 19

استمرت حتى اليوم

Answer 19

The Czech phrase “Vydržela dodnes” translates to:

“She/It has lasted until today” or “She/It has endured until today” in English.

Question 20

After all, no one is perfect

Answer 20

Nikdo přece není dokonalý

Question 21

Slabost

Answer 21

Weakness

Question 22

Se svojí ženou vychoval tři děti.

Answer 22

انجب

Question 23

Gives him power

Answer 23

Říká, že mu dodávají energii

Question 24

Jedinými sporty, které provozuje, jsou šachy a rybaření

Answer 24

Fishing

Question 25

Pohodář

Answer 25

Loves the life

Question 26

Tzv

Answer 26

The Czech phrase "Tedy jako tzv." translates to: "That is, like the so-called..." or "That is, as the so-called..." in English. In Arabic, it would be: "أي كما يُسمى..." (pronounced: "Ayy kamā yusamma...")

Question 27

Private practice

Answer 27

Je psycholožka se soukromou praxí.

Question 28

v současnosti na mateřské dovolené

Answer 28

في فترة الأمومة

Question 29

She is very goal-oriented.

Answer 29

Je totiž velmi cílevědomá

Question 30

puntičkářka

Answer 30

nemá klid, dokud není všechno kolem níperfektní.

Question 31

je v tomto směru pravý opak protiklady

Answer 31

The phrase "je v tomto směru pravý opak" in Czech means "is the exact opposite in this regard" or "is the complete opposite in this aspect." The word "protiklady" means "opposites." So, depending on the context, the sentence might be describing two things that are completely different or opposite in a specific way.

Question 32

A: I got lost. Show me where we read. B: be careful.

Answer 32

A:Ztratil jsem se. Ukaž mi, kde čteme. B: Tady a dávej pozor.

Question 33

I'm focusing. I'm just not good at languages.

Answer 33

Soustředím. Já prostě na ty jazyky nejsem.

Question 34

Mně to neleze do hlavy.

Answer 34

"Mně to neleze do hlavy" translates to "I just can't get it into my head." It means you're struggling to understand or remember something, no matter how hard you try. This could be due to the complexity of the topic, an ineffective learning method, or even fatigue. When it comes to learning languages, some helpful techniques include: Spaced repetition – reviewing material at increasing intervals to improve retention. Using visual aids – like flashcards to reinforce vocabulary. Practicing in real-life situations – listening, speaking, and writing simple sentences.

Question 35

Musíš si to doma opakovat až do zblbnutí.

Answer 35

"You have to repeat it at home until you go crazy." It suggests the idea of practicing or studying something so much that it becomes overwhelming or mentally exhausting.

Question 36

Přísahám. Drtím se to pořád dokola.

Answer 36

I swear. I keep drilling it over and over.

Question 37

Proboha

Answer 37

"Proboha" is an exclamation in Czech, which roughly translates to "Oh my God!" or "For God's sake!" in English. It's typically used to express surprise, frustration, or disbelief. In the context of the conversation, it likely reflects a moment of frustration or exasperation.

Question 38

Pronounce

Answer 38

vyslovit

Question 39

nástěnka

Answer 39

"notice board" or "bulletin board" in English.

Question 40

je jen otázka cviku

Answer 40

"Je jen otázka cviku" in English means "It's just a matter of practice." It suggests that with enough practice and repetition, something will eventually become easier or more manageable. It's a common way to encourage persistence when facing difficulty.

Question 41

Ve skutečnosti je to ale velmi jednoduché

Answer 41

"In reality, it's actually very simple" in English. This phrase is used to express that something might seem complicated at first, but in truth, it's quite straightforward.

Question 42

Jazykový kurz (Language Course):

Answer 42

Individuální (Individual), firemní (Corporate), intenzivní (Intensive) Types of programs: jedno, dvou, tři, čtyřtýdenní (one, two, three, four-week). semestrální (semester-long), celoroční (year-round), večerní (evening). přípravný kurz k maturitě (preparation course for the high school graduation exam), letní škola (summer school), studijní pobyt (study stay)

Question 43

STUDIUM JAZYKŮ

Answer 43

Language Study

Question 44

Language goals Communication skills Personal Growth

Answer 44

Jazykové cíle komunikační schopnosti Osobní rast

Question 45

to improve/worsen

Answer 45

zlepšit si/zhoršit zlepšit se v něčem/zhoršit se v něčem (to improve/worsen in something),

Question 46

Vzdělávací agentura (Educational agency):

Answer 46

Nabídka kurzů (Course offer), pomaturitní studium (post-graduation study), interaktivní individuální (interactive individual), skupinová (group) Výuka (Teaching): Program výuky (Teaching program)

Question 47

Metoda (Method)

Answer 47

e-learning, multimediální výuka (multimedia learning), skupinová/individuální výuka (group/individual teaching)

Question 48

Vstupní test (Entrance test),

Answer 48

složit zkoušku (take the exam), závěrečná zkouška (final exam), certifikovaná zkouška (certified exam), připravený kurz k mezinárodním zkouškám (preparation course for international exams)

Question 49

Rodilý/á mluvčí (Native speaker), lektor/ka (lecturer), samouk (self-taught), začátečník/začátečnice (beginner), falešný začátečník/falešná začátečnice (false beginner)

Question 50

Language levels: Beginner/Intermediate, Advanced To be at a language level: A1, A2, B1, B2, ...

Answer 50

Úrovně jazyka: Začátečník/mírně pokročilý, pokročilý Být na jazykové úrovni: A1, A2, B1, B2, ...

Question 51

Nedorozumění

Answer 51

(misunderstanding)

Question 52

hrubá chyba

Answer 52

major mistake

Question 53

major mistake

Question 54

mateřština

Answer 54

mother tongue

Question 55

rodný jazyk

Answer 55

native language

Question 56

tisknout/ vytisknout

Answer 56

The verb "tisknout" (which means "to print" in Czech) can be conjugated with all pronouns as follows: Present Tense (if using the imperfective "tisknout" instead of "vytisknout") (Note: "tisknout" is usually used in the infinitive or imperative, but for completeness, here’s how it would look in present tense if used this way, though "tiskne" is the most common form.) já tisknu ty tiskneš on/ona/ono tiskne my tiskneme vy tisknete oni/ony/ona tisknou Past Tense (using "vytisknout" for completed action) já vytiskl/vytiskla (masc./fem.) ty vytiskl/vytiskla on vytiskl / ona vytiskla / ono vytisklo my vytiskli/vytiskly (mixed/only feminine) vy vytiskli/vytiskly oni vytiskli / ony vytiskly Future Tense (for perfective "vytisknout") já vytisknu ty vytiskneš on/ona/ono vytiskne my vytiskneme vy vytisknete oni/ony/ona vytisknou Would you like conjugations in any specific tense or usage?

Question 57

zamknout/ zamykat

Answer 57

Here's the complete breakdown for **"zamknout"** with all requested details: ### **"zamknout"** (to lock) | Aspect | Infinitive | English Meaning | Conjugation (Present/Future) | |--------------|------------|-----------------|-------------------------------| | **Perfective** | zamknout | to lock (one-time action) | **Já zamknu**, Ty zamkneš, On/Ona/Ono zamkne, My zamkneme, Vy zamknete, Oni/Ony zamknou | | **Imperfective** | zamykat | to be locking (repeated/ongoing) | **Já zamykám**, Ty zamykáš, On/Ona/Ono zamyká, My zamykáme, Vy zamykáte, Oni/Ony zamykají | ### Key Notes: 1. **Perfective (zamknout)** - Used for single, completed actions - *Example:* "Zítra **zamknu** dům." (Tomorrow I'll lock the house.) 2. **Imperfective (zamykat)** - Used for repeated/ongoing actions - *Example:* "Vždycky **zamykám** dveře." (I always lock the doors.) ### Past Tense Examples: - **Perfective:** "Včera jsem **zamkl** dveře." (Yesterday I locked the door.) - **Imperfective:** "Včera jsem **zamykal** dveře." (Yesterday I was locking the door.)

Question 58

vládnout Imperfective JEN

Answer 58

Here's the complete breakdown for **"vládnout"** (to rule/govern/wield) with all requested details: ### **"vládnout"** (to rule/govern/wield) | Aspect | Infinitive | English Meaning | Conjugation (Present) | |--------------|------------|-----------------|-----------------------| | **Imperfective** | vládnout | to rule/be ruling (continuous) | **Já vládnu**, Ty vládneš, On/Ona/Ono vládne, My vládneme, Vy vládnete, Oni/Ony vládnou | ### Key Notes: 1. **Imperfective Only** - "Vládnout" is naturally an ongoing action (no perfective counterpart exists) - Used for continuous ruling/governing or wielding objects 2. **Meanings**: - Rule/govern: "Král vládne zemi." (The king rules the country.) - Wield: "Vládne mečem obratně." (He wields the sword skillfully.) ### Past Tense: - **Já jsem vládl/vládla** (I ruled - m/f) - **My jsme vládli/vládly** (We ruled - m/f mixed or all f.) ### Future Tense (using present form): - **Zítra už budu vládnout říši.** (Tomorrow I will rule the empire.) ### Common Phrases: - "Vládnout mocí" (to wield power) - "Vládnout zemi" (to govern a country)

Question 59

dotknout se/ dotýkat se

Answer 59

Here's the full breakdown for **"dotknout se"** (to touch) with all aspects and conjugations: ### **"dotknout se"** (to touch) | Aspect | Infinitive | English Meaning | Conjugation (Present/Future) | Past Tense | |--------|------------|-----------------|-------------------------------|------------| | **Perfective** | dotknout se | to touch (single action) | **Já se dotknu**, Ty se dotkneš, On/Ona/Ono se dotkne, My se dotkneme, Vy se dotknete, Oni/Ony se dotknou | Já jsem se dotkl/dotkla | | **Imperfective** | dotýkat se | to be touching (repeated/ongoing) | **Já se dotýkám**, Ty se dotýkáš, On/Ona/Ono se dotýká, My se dotýkáme, Vy se dotýkáte, Oni/Ony se dotýkají | Já jsem se dotýkal/dotýkala | ### Key Features: 1. **Reflexive** - Always requires **"se"** (changes meaning without it) - Compare: "dotknout" (to offend) vs. "dotknout se" (to touch) 2. **Perfective (dotknout se)** - Single, completed touch - *"Dotkla se skla."* (She touched the glass [once].) 3. **Imperfective (dotýkat se)** - Repeated/continuous touching - *"Dítě se dotýká ohně."* (The child is touching the fire [ongoing].) ### Negative Forms: - **Nedotýkej se toho!** (Don't touch that! - imperfective) - **Nedotkni se toho!** (Don't touch that! - perfective, more urgent) ### Instrumental Case Usage: - **Dotkl se prstem.** (He touched [it] with a finger.) (Here "prstem" = instrumental case of "prst")

Question 60

rozhodnout se/ rozhodovat se

Answer 60

### **"rozhodnout se"** (to decide) | Aspect | Infinitive | English Meaning | Conjugation (Present/Future) | Past Tense | |--------|------------|-----------------|-------------------------------|------------| | **Perfective** | rozhodnout se | to decide (reach a decision) | **Já se rozhodnu**, Ty se rozhodneš, On/Ona/Ono se rozhodne, My se rozhodneme, Vy se rozhodnete, Oni/Ony se rozhodnou | Já jsem se rozhodl/rozhodla | | **Imperfective** | rozhodovat se | to be deciding (process) | **Já se rozhoduji**, Ty se rozhoduješ, On/Ona/Ono se rozhoduje, My se rozhodujeme, Vy se rozhodujete, Oni/Ony se rozhodují | Já jsem se rozhodoval/rozhodovala | ### Key Features: 1. **Reflexive Nature** - Always requires **"se"** (changes meaning without it) - Compare: "rozhodnout" (to settle a dispute for others) vs. "rozhodnout se" (to decide for yourself) 2. **Perfective (rozhodnout se)** - Completed decision - *"Rozhodl jsem se studovat medicínu."* (I've decided to study medicine.) 3. **Imperfective (rozhodovat se)** - Decision-making process - *"Dlouho jsem se rozhodoval."* (I was deciding for a long time.) ### Negative Forms: - **Nerozhoduj se tak dlouho!** (Don't take so long to decide! - imperfective) - **Nerozhodni se špatně!** (Don't make the wrong decision! - perfective) ### Common Constructions: 1. **Rozhodnout se + infinitive** *"Rozhodla se odejít."* (She decided to leave.) 2. **Rozhodnout se pro + accusative** *"Rozhodli jsme se pro dům u jezera."* (We decided on the lakeside house.) 3. **Rozhodnout se mezi + instrumental** *"Musíš se rozhodnout mezi pravdou a lží."* (You must decide between truth and lie.) ### Related Nouns: - **rozhodnutí** (decision - noun) - **nerozhodnost** (indecisiveness) ### Example Dialogue: A: *"Už ses rozhodl?"* (Have you decided yet?) B: *"Ještě se rozhoduji mezi těmi dvěma možnostmi."* (I'm still deciding between those two options.)

Question 61

lehnout si/ lehat si

Answer 61

### **1. Correct Form: "lehnout si" (reflexive)** - Always requires **"si"** (dative reflexive pronoun), not "se". - Literally means "to lay oneself down". --- ### **2. Conjugation (Perfective Aspect - Single Action)** | Person | Conjugation | English | |--------|-------------|---------| | Já | lehnu si | I'll lie down | | Ty | lehneš si | You'll lie down (sg.) | | On/Ona/Ono | lehne si | He/She/It will lie down | | My | lehneme si | We'll lie down | | Vy | lehnete si | You'll lie down (pl./formal) | | Oni/Ony | lehnou si | They'll lie down | **Examples:** - *"Lehnu si na hodinu."* (I'll lie down for an hour.) - *"Když jsi unavený, lehni si."* (If you're tired, lie down.) --- ### **3. Imperfective Version: "lehat si" (Repeated Action)** | Person | Conjugation | English | |--------|-------------|---------| | Já | lehám si | I lie down (repeatedly) | | Ty | leháš si | You lie down | | On/Ona/Ono | lehá si | He/She lies down | | My | leháme si | We lie down | | Vy | leháte si | You lie down | | Oni/Ony | lehají si | They lie down | **Examples:** - *"Vždycky si lehám po obědě."* (I always lie down after lunch.) - *"Děti si lehají v pravé poledne."* (The children lie down at noon.) --- ### **4. Past Tense (Perfective)** - Masculine: *"lehl si"* - Feminine: *"lehla si"* - Neuter: *"lehlo si"* - Plural: *"lehli si"* (masc.), *"lehly si"* (fem./neut.) **Example:** - *"Lehla si na pohovku a usnula."* (She lay down on the sofa and fell asleep.) --- ### **5. Common Mistakes** ❌ *"Lehnout se"* → Incorrect (never used) ✅ *"Lehnout si"* → Correct --- ### **6. Related Verbs** - **"položit se"** = to lay oneself down (more formal) - **"válet se"** = to lounge/lie around (casual) --- ### **7. Commands** - **"Lehni si!"** (Lie down! - sg. informal) - **"Lehněte si!"** (Lie down! - pl./formal)

Question 62

Přijmout/přijímat

Answer 62

Here's the detailed breakdown of the **imperfective aspect** of **"přijmout"** - the verb **"přijímat"**: ### **Imperfective: "přijímat"** (to be accepting/receiving) Used for: - Ongoing/repeated actions - General processes (not one-time events) - The act of receiving (without completion implied) --- ### **Conjugation (Present Tense)** | Person | Conjugation | Example Sentence | English | |--------|-------------|-------------------|---------| | Já | přijímám | "Přijímám platby každý den." | I accept payments daily. | | Ty | přijímáš | "Přijímáš nové studenty?" | Do you accept new students? | | On/Ona | přijímá | "Přijímá kritiku dobře." | He/She takes criticism well. | | My | přijímáme | "Přijímáme dárky s úsměvem." | We accept gifts with a smile. | | Vy | přijímáte | "Přijímáte karty?" | Do you accept cards? | | Oni | přijímají | "Přijímají všechny žádosti." | They accept all applications. | --- ### **Past Tense (Imperfective)** | Gender | Conjugation | Example | English | |--------|-------------|---------|---------| | Masc. | přijímal | "Přijímal nabídky." | He was accepting offers. | | Fem. | přijímala | "Přijímala hosty." | She was receiving guests. | | Neut. | přijímalo | "Přijímalo se mnoho stížností." | Many complaints were being received. | | Plural | přijímali (masc.) / přijímaly (fem./neut.) | "Přijímali nové členy." | They were accepting new members. | --- ### **Future Tense (Imperfective)** Formed with **"budu" + infinitive**: - *"Budu přijímat pacienty zítra."* (I will be seeing patients tomorrow.) - *"Budou přijímat přihlášky."* (They will be accepting applications.) --- ### **Key Differences from Perfective ("přijmout")** | Aspect | Example | Nuance | |--------|---------|--------| | **Imperfective** (přijímat) | "Přijímám dopisy." | I accept letters (regularly/as part of my job). | | **Perfective** (přijmout) | "Přijmu tento dopis." | I will accept this (specific) letter. | --- ### **Common Imperfective Uses** 1. **Professional contexts:** - *"Lékař přijímá od 14:00."* (The doctor sees patients from 2 PM.) 2. **Ongoing processes:** - *"Univerzita přijímá přihlášky."* (The university is accepting applications.) 3. **General abilities:** - *"Tento obchod přijímá eura."* (This shop accepts euros.) --- ### **Negative Form** - *"Nepřijímám úplatky!"* (I don't accept bribes!) - *"Nepřijímali jsme cizince."* (We weren't accepting foreigners.) Would you like help with specific contexts (business, medical, etc.)? 😊

Question 63

obejmout/objímat

Answer 63

### **1. Basic Verb Info** | Aspect | Infinitive | English Meaning | |--------|------------|-----------------| | Perfective | obejmout | to hug (once, completed action) | | Imperfective | objímat | to be hugging (repeated/ongoing) | ### **2. Full Conjugation Tables** #### **Perfective "obejmout" (Future/Present)** | Person | Conjugation | Example | |--------|-------------|---------| | Já | obejmu | "Obejmu tě, až přijdu." (I'll hug you when I arrive.) | | Ty | obejmeš | "Obejmeš mě?" (Will you hug me?) | | On/Ona/Ono | obejme | "Obejme svou matku." (He'll hug his mother.) | | My | obejmeme | "Obejmeme se při setkání." (We'll hug when we meet.) | | Vy | obejmete | "Obejmete každého hosta?" (Will you hug every guest?) | | Oni/Ony | obejmou | "Obejmou své děti." (They'll hug their children.) | #### **Imperfective "objímat" (Present)** | Person | Conjugation | Example | |--------|-------------|---------| | Já | objímám | "Často tě objímám." (I often hug you.) | | Ty | objímáš | "Proč mě tak těsně objímáš?" (Why are you hugging me so tight?) | | On/Ona/Ono | objímá | "Vždy objímá svou ženu." (He always hugs his wife.) | | My | objímáme | "V zimě se víc objímáme." (We hug more in winter.) | | Vy | objímáte | "Jak často se objímáte?" (How often do you hug?) | | Oni/Ony | objímají | "Rodiče objímají děti." (Parents hug their children.) | ### **3. Past Tense Forms** #### **Perfective (obejmout)** | Gender | Conjugation | Example | |--------|-------------|---------| | Masc. | objal | "Objal svého bratra." (He hugged his brother.) | | Fem. | objala | "Objala svou kamarádku." (She hugged her friend.) | | Neut. | objalo | "Dítě objalo medvídka." (The child hugged the teddy bear.) | | Plural | objali (masc.) / objaly (fem./neut.) | "Objali se po letech." (They hugged after years.) | #### **Imperfective (objímat)** | Gender | Conjugation | Example | |--------|-------------|---------| | Masc. | objímal | "Celý večer ji objímal." (He was hugging her all evening.) | | Fem. | objímala | "Objímala svou dceru." (She was hugging her daughter.) | | Neut. | objímalo | "Dítě objímalo psa." (The child was hugging the dog.) | ### **4. Reflexive Form "obejmout se"** | Person | Conjugation | Example | |--------|-------------|---------| | Já | obejmu se | "Obejmu se s tebou." (I'll hug you.) | | Ty | obejmeš se | "Obejmeš se se mnou?" (Will you hug me?) | | Oni | obejmou se | "Obejmou se při setkání." (They'll hug when they meet.) | ### **5. Common Expressions** - **"pevné objetí"** - tight hug - **"přátelské objetí"** - friendly hug - **"obejmout kolem ramen"** - to put arm around someone's shoulders - **"obejmout život"** (figurative) - to embrace life ### **6. Imperative (Commands)** - **"Obejmi mě!"** (Hug me! - singular informal) - **"Obejměte mě!"** (Hug me! - plural/formal) - **"Objímej se víc!"** (Hug more! - imperfective)

Question 64

Zapnout/ Zapínat

Answer 64

### **1. Basic Meaning** - **Zapnout (perf.)** = to fasten, to turn on (a single/completed action) - **Zapínat (impf.)** = to be fastening, to be turning on (ongoing/repeated) ### **2. Conjugation (Present/Future for Perfective)** | Person | Zapnout (Future) | Zapínat (Present) | |--------|------------------|-------------------| | Já | zapnu | zapínám | | Ty | zapneš | zapínáš | | On/Ona | zapne | zapíná | | My | zapneme | zapínáme | | Vy | zapnete | zapínáte | | Oni | zapnou | zapínají | ### **3. Past Tense (Perfective)** - Masculine: zapnul - Feminine: zapnula - Neuter: zapnulo - Plural: zapnuli (masc.), zapnuly (fem./neut.) ### **4. Common Uses** 1. **Fastening clothing:** - *"Zapni si kabát."* (Fasten your coat.) 2. **Turning on devices:** - *"Zapni televizi."* (Turn on the TV.) 3. **Engaging mechanisms:** - *"Zapnout bezpečnostní pás."* (Fasten the seatbelt.) ### **5. Prefix/Suffix Notes** - Prefix "za-" indicates initiation of action - Related to "pnout" (to stretch) → "zapnout" = to fasten by stretching ### **6. Reflexive Form** - **"Zapnout se"** = to fasten oneself (e.g., seatbelt) - *"Zapni se!"* (Fasten yourself [your seatbelt]!) ### **7. Common Phrases** - *"zapnout motor"* (to start the engine) - *"zapnout alarm"* (to activate the alarm) - *"zapnout světla"* (to turn on the lights) ### **8. Opposite Verb** - **"vypnout"** = to turn off, unfasten (perfective) - **"vypínat"** = to be turning off (imperfective)

Question 65

připomenout (pf) ↔ připomínat (impf)

Answer 65

**připomenout (pf) ↔ připomínat (impf) = to remind/recall** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: připomenu / připomínám ▪️ ty: připomeneš / připomínáš ▪️ on: připomene / připomíná ▪️ my: připomeneme / připomínáme ▪️ vy: připomenete / připomínáte ▪️ oni: připomenou / připomínají **Past:** připomněl(a) / připomínali **Future (impf):** budu připomínat **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Připomenu mu schůzku. (I'll remind him of the meeting) ▫️ IMPF: Vždy připomínám narozeniny. (I always remind about birthdays) **Notes:** ⚠️ Past pf: "připomněl" (irregular) 💡 Related: "vzpomenout si" = to remember (once) ↔ "vzpomínat si" (repeatedly) **Symbol Key:** ↔ = verb pair ▫️ = example ▪️ = conjugation point ⚠️ = irregular form 💡 = extra tip

Question 66

sednout si (pf) ↔ sedat/sedávat si (impf)

Answer 66

**"sednout si"**: **sednout si (pf) ↔ sedat/sedávat si (impf) = to sit down** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: sednu si / sedám si ▪️ ty: sedneš si / sedáš si ▪️ on: sedne si / sedá si ▪️ my: sedneme si / sedáme si ▪️ vy: sednete si / sedáte si ▪️ oni: sednou si / sedají si **Past:** sedl(a) si / sedali si **Future (impf):** budu sedat si **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Sedni si! (Sit down! - command) ▫️ IMPF: Vždy sedám si na stejné místo. (I always sit in the same place) **Notes:** ⚠️ Irregular past: "sedl" (not *sednul) 🔹 Also: "posadit se" (pf) ↔ "posazovat se" (impf) = to seat oneself

Question 67

prohlédnout si (pf) ↔ prohlížet si (impf)

Answer 67

**prohlédnout si (pf) ↔ prohlížet si (impf) = to look at/examine** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: prohlédnu si / prohlížím si ▪️ ty: prohlédneš si / prohlížíš si ▪️ on: prohlédne si / prohlíží si ▪️ my: prohlédneme si / prohlížíme si ▪️ vy: prohlédnete si / prohlížíte si ▪️ oni: prohlédnou si / prohlížejí si **Past:** prohlédl(a) si / prohlíželi si **Future (impf):** budu prohlížet si **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Prohlédni si ty fotky! (Look at those photos!) ▫️ IMPF: Lékař mi prohlíží zuby. (The doctor examines my teeth) **Notes:** ⚠️ Past: "prohlédl" (not *prohlédnul) 🔍 Related: "prozkoumat" = to inspect thoroughly

Question 68

odmítnout (pf) ↔ odmítat (impf)

Answer 68

**odmítnout (pf) ↔ odmítat (impf) = to refuse/reject** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: odmítnu / odmítám ▪️ ty: odmítneš / odmítáš ▪️ on: odmítne / odmítá ▪️ my: odmítneme / odmítáme ▪️ vy: odmítnete / odmítáte ▪️ oni: odmítnou / odmítají **Past:** odmítl(a) / odmítali **Future (impf):** budu odmítat **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Odmítl nabídku. (He refused the offer) ▫️ IMPF: Vždy odmítá pomoc. (He always refuses help) **Notes:** ⚠️ Past: "odmítl" (not *odmítnul) 🔄 Opposite: "přijmout" (to accept)

Question 69

odpočinout si (pf) ↔ odpočívat si (impf)

Answer 69

**odpočinout si (pf) ↔ odpočívat si (impf) = to rest** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: odpočinu si / odpočívám si ▪️ ty: odpočineš si / odpočíváš si ▪️ on: odpočine si / odpočívá si ▪️ my: odpočineme si / odpočíváme si ▪️ vy: odpočinete si / odpočíváte si ▪️ oni: odpočinou si / odpočívají si **Past:** odpočinul(a) si / odpočívali si **Future (impf):** budu odpočívat si **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Musím si odpočinout. (I must rest) ▫️ IMPF: Víkendy odpočívám. (I rest on weekends) **Notes:** ⚠️ Alternative impf: "odpočivovat si" (less common) 🛌 Related: "vyspat se" (to sleep enough)

Question 70

spolehnout se (pf) ↔ spoléhat se (impf)

Answer 70

Here's the ultra-compact symbol format for **"spolehnout se"**: **spolehnout se (pf) ↔ spoléhat se (impf) = to rely (on)** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: spolehnu se / spoléhám se ▪️ ty: spolehneš se / spoléháš se ▪️ on: spolehne se / spoléhá se ▪️ my: spolehneme se / spoléháme se ▪️ vy: spolehnete se / spoléháte se ▪️ oni: spolehnoʊ se / spoléhají se **Past:** spolehl se / spoléhali se **Future (impf):** budu spoléhat se **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Spolehni se na mě! (Rely on me!) ▫️ IMPF: Vždy se spoléhám na rodinu. (I always rely on family)

Question 71

vypnout (pf) ↔ vypínat (impf)

Answer 71

**vypnout (pf) ↔ vypínat (impf) = to turn off (appliance)** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: vypnu / vypínám ▪️ ty: vypneš / vypínáš ▪️ on: vypne / vypíná ▪️ my: vypneme / vypínáme ▪️ vy: vypnete / vypínáte ▪️ oni: vypnou / vypínají **Past:** vypnul(a) / vypínali **Future (impf):** budu vypínat **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Vypni televizi! (Turn off the TV!) ▫️ IMPF: Vždy vypínám světla. (I always turn off lights) **Notes:** ⚠️ Opposite: "zapnout" (to turn on) 🔌 Related: "vypojit" (to unplug) Alternative verbs: • **vypínat** (general) • **deaktivovat** (deactivate) • **zastavit** (stop operation) - Literally: "terminate device operation" - Natural: "vypnout spotřebič" (turn off appliance)

Question 72

nabídnout (pf) ↔ nabízet (impf)

Answer 72

Here's the ultra-compact format for **"nabídnout"**: **nabídnout (pf) ↔ nabízet (impf) = to offer** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: nabídnu / nabízím ▪️ ty: nabídneš / nabízíš ▪️ on: nabídne / nabízí ▪️ my: nabídneme / nabízíme ▪️ vy: nabídnete / nabízíte ▪️ oni: nabídnou / nabízejí **Past:** nabídl(a) / nabízeli **Future (impf):** budu nabízet **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Nabídla mu pomoc. (She offered him help) ▫️ IMPF: Vždy nabízím hostům kávu. (I always offer coffee to guests) **Notes:** ⚠️ Past: "nabídl" (not *nabídnul) 🔄 Related: "přijmout nabídku" (to accept an offer)

Question 73

zhasnout (pf) ↔ zhasínat (impf)

Answer 73

**zhasnout (pf) ↔ zhasínat (impf) = to turn off (lights)** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: zhasnu / zhasínám ▪️ ty: zhasneš / zhasínáš ▪️ on: zhasne / zhasíná ▪️ my: zhasneme / zhasínáme ▪️ vy: zhasnete / zhasínáte ▪️ oni: zhasnou / zhasínají **Past:** zhasnul(a) / zhasínali **Future (impf):** budu zhasínat **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Zhasni světlo! (Turn off the light!) ▫️ IMPF: Vždy zhasínám při odchodu. (I always turn off lights when leaving) Opposite: "rozsvítit" (to turn on lights)

Question 74

zhasnout (pf) ↔ zhasínat (impf) Vs vypnout

Answer 74

Zhasnout for lights

Question 75

zvyknout si (pf) ↔ zvykat si (impf)

Answer 75

Here's the most compact symbol format for **"zvyknout si"**: **zvyknout si (pf) ↔ zvykat si (impf) = to get used to** **Conjugation:** ▪️ já: zvyknu si / zvykám si ▪️ ty: zvykneš si / zvykáš si ▪️ on: zvykne si / zvyká si ▪️ my: zvykneme si / zvykáme si ▪️ vy: zvyknete si / zvykáte si ▪️ oni: zvyknou si / zvykají si **Past:** zvykl(a) si / zvykali si **Future (impf):** budu si zvykat **Examples:** ▫️ PF: Za týden si zvyknu. (I'll get used to it in a week) ▫️ IMPF: Pomalu si zvykám. (I'm gradually getting used to it) **Notes:** ⚠️ Past: "zvykl" (not *zvyknul) 🔗 Requires "na" + accusative (na koho/co) 🔄 Opposite: "odvyknout si" (to unlearn/get unused to)

Question 76

navrhnout (pf) ↔ navrhovat (impf)

Answer 76

**navrhnout (pf) ↔ navrhovat (impf) = to suggest** ▪️ já: navrhnu/navrhuji ▪️ ty: navrhneš/navrhuješ ▪️ on: navrhne/navrhuje ▪️ Past: navrhl/navrhovali ▫️ Navrhl nový projekt. (He suggested a new project)

Question 77

zapomenout (pf) ↔ zapomínat (impf)

Answer 77

**zapomenout (pf) ↔ zapomínat (impf) = to forget** ▪️ já: zapomenu/zapomínám ▪️ ty: zapomeneš/zapomínáš ▪️ on: zapomene/zapomíná ▪️ Past: zapomněl/zapomínali ⚠️ Irregular past ▫️ Zapomněl klíče. (He forgot the keys)

Question 78

stihnout (pf) ↔ stíhat (impf)

Answer 78

**stihnout (pf) ↔ stíhat (impf) = to manage/catch up** ▪️ já: stihnu/stíhám ▪️ ty: stihneš/stíháš ▪️ on: stihne/stíhá ▪️ Past: stihl/stíhali ▫️ Stihl vlak? (Did he catch the train?)

Question 79

všimnout si (pf) ↔ všímat si (impf)

Answer 79

**všimnout si (pf) ↔ všímat si (impf) = to notice** ▪️ já: všimnu si/všímám si ▪️ ty: všimneš si/všímáš si ▪️ on: všimne si/všímá si ▪️ Past: všiml si/všímali si ▫️ Všiml sis té chyby? (Did you notice the mistake?)

Question 80

Slova "najíst" a "dojíst" pocházejí ze slovesa jíst (to eat), ale mají odlišný význam. 1. Najíst se Znamená nasytit se, tedy jíst tak dlouho, dokud člověk nemá dost. Používá se jako zvratné sloveso (s "se"). Příklad: Potřebuji se najíst. → I need to eat (until I'm full). Najedl ses dobře? → Did you eat well? 2. Dojíst Znamená sníst něco až do konce (dokončit jídlo). Nepoužívá se zvratně. Příklad: Musíš dojíst polévku! → You have to finish your soup! Dojedl jsem poslední kousek pizzy. → I finished the last piece of pizza. Shrnutí: Najíst se = jíst, dokud člověk není sytý. Dojíst = sníst něco celé, dokončit jídlo. Chceš nějaké další příklady nebo vysvětlení?

Question 81

"najíst" a "dojíst"

Answer 81

1. Najíst se Znamená nasytit se, tedy jíst tak dlouho, dokud člověk nemá dost. Používá se jako zvratné sloveso (s "se"). Příklad: Potřebuji se najíst. → I need to eat (until I'm full). Najedl ses dobře? → Did you eat well? 2. Dojíst Znamená sníst něco až do konce (dokončit jídlo). Nepoužívá se zvratně. Příklad: Musíš dojíst polévku! → You have to finish your soup! Dojedl jsem poslední kousek pizzy. → I finished the last piece of pizza. Shrnutí: Najíst se = jíst, dokud člověk není sytý. Dojíst = sníst něco celé, dokončit jídlo. Chceš nějaké další příklady nebo vysvětlení?

Question 82

Nést

Answer 82

1. NÉST (to carry) Znamená přenášet něco vlastní silou, obvykle v rukou nebo na těle. Používá se pro lidi i zvířata. Příklad: Nesu tašku do školy. → I am carrying a bag to school. Vítr nese listy po ulici. → The wind is carrying leaves down the street.

Question 83

VÉST

Answer 83

2. VÉST (to lead, to guide) Znamená směrovat, řídit nebo doprovázet někoho/něco. Může se použít i ve smyslu řízení firmy, rozhovoru nebo cesty. Příklad: Učitel vede hodinu matematiky. → The teacher is leading a math lesson. Táta mě vedl za ruku. → Dad led me by the hand. Silnice vede do centra města. → The road leads to the city center.

Question 84

VÉZT

Answer 84

3. VÉZT (to transport, to carry by vehicle) Znamená přenášet něco pomocí dopravního prostředku (auto, kolo, loď, zvíře atd.). Rozdíl oproti „nést“ je, že člověk nepoužívá vlastní sílu, ale vozidlo. Příklad: Vezeme babičku do nemocnice. → We are taking grandma to the hospital (by car). Traktor veze dřevo. → The tractor is transporting wood.

Question 85

brát vs vzít

Answer 85

In Czech, "brát" is an imperfective verb, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "vzít", which describes a completed action. Here are some examples: Imperfective (brát – to take repeatedly, continuously) Brát si léky každý den. (To take medicine every day.) Proč si bereš ten těžký kufr? (Why are you taking that heavy suitcase?) Děti si berou hračky ze stolu. (The children are taking toys from the table.) Perfective (vzít – to take once, completely) Vzal jsem si léky ráno. (I took my medicine in the morning.) Vezmi si kabát, venku je zima. (Take your coat, it's cold outside.) Kdo vzal můj telefon? (Who took my phone?)

Question 86

Bít vs. Zbít

Answer 86

The verb "bít" (to hit, to beat) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "zbít" (to beat up, to hit completely) or "ubit" (to beat to death, to kill by beating). The choice depends on the context. Imperfective (bít – to hit repeatedly, continuously) Bije bratra každý den. (He/She beats his/her brother every day.) Srdce bije rychle. (The heart is beating fast.) Bije psa novinami. (He/She is hitting the dog with a newspaper.) Perfective (zbít – to beat up, ubit – to beat to death) Zbil ho do bezvědomí. (He beat him up until he was unconscious.) Pes byl ubit k smrti. (The dog was beaten to death.) Zbil mě, ale já jsem se ubránil. (He beat me up, but I defended myself.) Would you like additional examples or clarification?

Question 87

Česat se vs. Učesat se

Answer 87

The verb "česat se" (to comb oneself, to brush one's hair) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "učesat se", which describes a completed action. Imperfective (česat se – to comb/brush repeatedly or continuously) Každé ráno se češu před zrcadlem. (I comb my hair every morning in front of the mirror.) Proč se nečešes? (Why don’t you comb your hair?) Děti se nerady češou. (Children don’t like to comb their hair.) Perfective (učesat se – to finish combing one's hair) Rychle jsem se učesal a odešel. (I quickly combed my hair and left.) Musíš se učesat před odchodem. (You must comb your hair before leaving.) Učesala se a vypadala krásně. (She combed her hair and looked beautiful.) Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 88

Dostat vs. Dostávat

Answer 88

The verb "dostat" is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to receive, to get). Its imperfective counterpart is "dostávat", which describes an ongoing or repeated action. Imperfective (dostávat – to receive repeatedly, continuously) Každý rok dostávám dárky k narozeninám. (I receive gifts every year for my birthday.) Dostává peníze za svou práci. (He/She gets paid for his/her work.) Děti dostávají dobré známky ve škole. (The children are getting good grades at school.) Perfective (dostat – to receive once, completely) Dostal jsem krásný dárek. (I got a beautiful gift.) Kde jsi dostal tu knihu? (Where did you get that book?) Dostala skvělou pracovní nabídku. (She received a great job offer.) Would you like more examples or clarifications?

Question 89

Vyhrát vs Pohrát

Answer 89

The verbs "vyhrát" (to win) and "prohrát" (to lose) are often used in contexts related to competition, games, or situations involving a result. Here's how they work: Imperfective vs. Perfective 1. Vyhrát (perfective) – to win (completed action) Vyhrál jsem v soutěži. (I won the competition.) Tým vyhrál zápas. (The team won the match.) Kdo vyhraje tuto hru? (Who will win this game?) 2. Prohrát (perfective) – to lose (completed action) Prohrál jsem ve hře. (I lost the game.) Prohráli jsme celý zápas. (We lost the whole match.) Prohrál jsem všechny peníze. (I lost all the money.) Imperfective counterparts: 1. Vyhrávat (imperfective) – to win repeatedly, continuously Tým vyhrává každý zápas. (The team wins every game.) Často vyhráváš v šachu. (You often win in chess.) 2. Prohrávat (imperfective) – to lose repeatedly, continuously Dnes prohrávají. (They are losing today.) Prohráváme zápas. (We are losing the match.) In general, perfective verbs like "vyhrát" and "prohrát" describe completed actions, while imperfective verbs like "vyhrávat" and "prohrávat" describe ongoing, habitual, or repeated actions. Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 90

chápat and pochopit

Answer 90

The verb "chápat" (to understand) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "pochopit", which describes a completed action (to understand something fully or after some time). Imperfective (chápat – to understand continuously, repeatedly) Chápu, co říkáš. (I understand what you’re saying.) On pořád nechápe, co se děje. (He still doesn't understand what's happening.) Děti začínají chápat matematiku. (The children are starting to understand math.) Perfective (pochopit – to understand completely, after some time) Pochopil jsem to až po chvíli. (I understood it only after a while.) Pochopíš to, až si to zkusíš. (You will understand it once you try it.) Pochopili jsme, co se stalo. (We understood what happened.) Would you like more examples or clarifications?

Question 91

Kousat vs. kousnout

Answer 91

In Czech, **"kousat"** and **"kousnout"** are both verbs related to biting, but they differ in aspect (imperfective vs. perfective) and usage. ### **1. Kousat (imperfective aspect – nedokonavé sloveso)** - Means **"to bite" (repeatedly or continuously)**. - Describes an ongoing or habitual action without specifying completion. **Examples:** - *Pes mě kousal do ruky.* (The dog was biting my hand.) - *Děti koušou nehty, když jsou nervózní.* (Children bite their nails when they're nervous.) ### **2. Kousnout (perfective aspect – dokonavé sloveso)** - Means **"to bite (once, suddenly, or decisively)**. - Indicates a single, completed action. **Examples:** - *Pes mě kousl do nohy a utekl.* (The dog bit my leg and ran away.) - *Kousla do jablka a zjistila, že je shnilé.* (She bit into the apple and found it was rotten.) ### **Key Differences:** | Verb | Aspect | Meaning | Example | |------|--------|---------|---------| | **kousat** | Imperfective | Repeated/ongoing biting | *Pes mě kousal.* (The dog was biting me.) | | **kousnout** | Perfective | Single, completed bite | *Pes mě kousl.* (The dog bit me.) | ### **Related Words:** - **Kousnutí** (noun) – "a bite" (e.g., *Mám kousnutí od psa.* – "I have a dog bite.") - **Kousavý** (adj.) – "biting" (e.g., *kousavý pes* – "a biting dog") Would you like help with conjugation or more examples? 😊

Question 92

Krást and ukrást

Answer 92

The verb "krást" (to steal) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "ukrást", which describes a completed action (to steal something in one instance). Imperfective (krást – to steal repeatedly, continuously) On krade jablka ze stromu. (He is stealing apples from the tree.) Lidé často kradou v obchodech. (People often steal in stores.) Krade peníze z pokladny. (He/She is stealing money from the cash register.) Perfective (ukrást – to steal once, to steal something completely) Ukradl auto. (He stole the car.) Ukradla mi peněženku. (She stole my wallet.) Kdo ukradl mé klíče? (Who stole my keys?) Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 93

kvést vs vykvést

Answer 93

The verb "kvést" (to bloom, to flower) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "vykvést", which describes a completed action (to bloom fully or to have bloomed). Imperfective (kvést – to bloom continuously, repeatedly) Květy na jaře krásně kvetou. (The flowers bloom beautifully in spring.) Růže začaly kvést. (The roses started to bloom.) Každý rok kvetou tyto stromy. (These trees bloom every year.) Perfective (vykvést – to bloom completely, to have bloomed) Lilie vykvetly včera. (The lilies bloomed yesterday.) Růžový keř vykvétá v létě. (The rose bush blooms in the summer.) Všechny květiny vykvetly. (All the flowers have bloomed.) Would you like more examples or further explanation?

Question 94

lhát vs zalhat

Answer 94

The verb "lhát" (to lie) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "zalhat", which describes a completed action (to lie once or to tell a lie in a specific instance). Imperfective (lhát – to lie repeatedly, continuously) On často lže svým přátelům. (He often lies to his friends.) Nechoď tam, on ti bude lhát. (Don’t go there, he will lie to you.) Lže mi o tom, co dělá. (He’s lying to me about what he’s doing.) Perfective (zalhat – to tell a lie once, to lie completely) Zalhal jsem o své práci. (I lied about my work.) Zalhal jí, že byl v práci. (He lied to her that he was at work.) Nepoznáš, kdy zalháš. (You won't recognize when you lie.)

Question 95

Mýt vs umýt

Answer 95

The verb "mýt" (to wash) is imperfective, meaning it refers to an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "umýt", which describes a completed action (to wash something completely). Imperfective (mýt – to wash repeatedly or continuously) Můj pes se musí každý den mýt. (My dog has to be washed every day.) Mýval se celý den. (He was washing himself all day.) Děti se často myjí před spaním. (The children often wash themselves before bed.) Perfective (umýt – to wash completely, to finish washing) Umyla jsem nádobí. (I washed the dishes.) Umyj si ruce před jídlem. (Wash your hands before eating.) On umyl auto. (He washed the car.) Would you like more examples or further explanations?

Question 96

Moct

Answer 96

The Czech verb **"moct"** (also spelled **"moci"** in some contexts) means **"to be able to"** or **"can"**. It is an irregular verb and its conjugation differs from regular verbs. Below is a full breakdown of its forms: --- ### **Present Tense (Přítomný čas)** | Person | Conjugation | Example | |--------|-------------|---------| | Já | **můžu** (colloquial), **mohu** (formal) | *Můžu/Mohu jít ven?* (Can I go out?) | | Ty | **můžeš** | *Můžeš mi pomoct?* (Can you help me?) | | On/Ona/Ono | **může** | *Ona může přijít zítra.* (She can come tomorrow.) | | My | **můžeme** | *Můžeme začít.* (We can start.) | | Vy | **můžete** | *Můžete mi poradit?* (Can you advise me?) | | Oni | **mohou** (formal), **můžou** (colloquial) | *Mohou/Můžou to udělat.* (They can do it.) | --- ### **Past Tense (Minulý čas)** Formed with **"mohl"** (masculine), **"mohla"** (feminine), **"mohlo"** (neuter), etc. + auxiliary **"být"**: - *Já jsem **mohl/mohla*** (I could, m./f.) → *Nemohl jsem spát.* (I couldn’t sleep.) - *Ty jsi **mohl/mohla*** - *On **mohl***, *ona **mohla***, *ono **mohlo*** - *My jsme **mohli/mohly*** (masc./fem. mixed or fem. group) - *Vy jste **mohli/mohly*** - *Oni **mohli***, *ony **mohly*** --- ### **Future Tense (Budoucí čas)** Since **"moct"** is imperfective, its future tense uses **"budu + moct"** (or **"budu + moci"** in formal contexts): - *Budu **moct/moci** přijít.* (I will be able to come.) - *Nebudeš **moct** pracovat.* (You won’t be able to work.) --- ### **Conditional (Podmiňovací způsob)** Formed with **"bych + mohl"**, etc.: - *Já bych **mohl*** (I could, m.) / *Já bych **mohla*** (f.) → *Mohl bys mi pomoct?* (Could you help me?) --- ### **Imperative (Rozkazovací způsob)** - **Můžeš!** (informal, "You can!") - **Můžete!** (formal/plural, "You can!") --- ### **Negative Forms** - **Nemůžu** (I can’t) - **Nemohl** (Couldn’t, past) → *Nemohla jsem najít klíče.* (I couldn’t find the keys.) --- ### **Key Notes:** 1. **"Moct" vs. "Moci"**: - **"Moct"** is more common in spoken Czech. - **"Moci"** is formal/literary (e.g., *"Nemohu souhlasit."* = "I cannot agree."). 2. **"Umět" vs. "Moct"**: - **"Umět"** = "to know how to" (skill). - **"Moct"** = "to be able to" (ability/permission). → *Umím plavat.* (I know how to swim.) vs. *Můžu plavat?* (Can I swim?) Would you like examples with other tenses or related verbs? 😊

Question 97

nalézt vs nacházet

Answer 97

The verb "nalézt" (to find) is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to find something completely or after a search). Its imperfective counterpart is "nacházet", which describes an ongoing or repeated action (to find something repeatedly or over time). Imperfective (nacházet – to find repeatedly or continuously) Nacházím různé zajímavé knihy v knihovně. (I find various interesting books in the library.) Pořád nacházíš nové nápady. (You are always finding new ideas.) V poslední době nacházím hodně inspirace v přírodě. (Recently, I find a lot of inspiration in nature.) Perfective (nalézt – to find something completely, after a search) Konečně jsem nalezl svou ztracenou peněženku. (I finally found my lost wallet.) Nalezli jsme dobrého doktora. (We found a good doctor.) Kdo nalezl tento klíč? (Who found this key?) Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 98

obout se p an imp

Answer 98

The verb "obout se" (to put on shoes) is reflexive and imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "obout se" as well, because in this case, the reflexive verb can also describe the action of completing putting on shoes. Imperfective (obout se – to be putting on shoes, an ongoing action) Teď se obouvám, počkej chvíli. (I’m putting on my shoes, wait a moment.) Děti si často obouvají boty samy. (The children often put on their shoes by themselves.) Perfective (obout se – to finish putting on shoes, a completed action) Už jsem si obul boty a můžeme jít. (I’ve already put on my shoes, and we can go.) Obul jsem si boty a šel ven. (I put on my shoes and went outside.) In this case, "obout se" is used for both ongoing and completed actions, depending on the context, because the action itself is typically seen as a quick, single event when referring to putting on shoes. Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 99

péct vs upéct

Answer 99

The verb "péct" (to bake) is imperfective, meaning it refers to an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "upéct", which describes a completed action (to bake something completely). Imperfective (péct – to bake repeatedly, continuously) Péct chleba je moje oblíbená činnost. (Baking bread is my favorite activity.) Ráda peču každý víkend. (I like to bake every weekend.) On peče včera připravené pečivo. (He is baking the pastries he prepared yesterday.) Perfective (upéct – to bake completely, to finish baking) Upékl jsem dort na narozeniny. (I baked a cake for the birthday.) Upečeme kuře k večeři. (We will bake a chicken for dinner.) Dnes upeču chleba. (I will bake bread today.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 100

Pít vs napít

Answer 100

The verb "pít" (to drink) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "napít se", which refers to a completed action (to drink a specific amount or to finish drinking). Imperfective (pít – to drink continuously or repeatedly) Piji vodu každý den. (I drink water every day.) On pije kávu každé ráno. (He drinks coffee every morning.) Děti pijí mléko. (The children are drinking milk.) Perfective (napít se – to drink completely, to drink a certain amount) Napil jsem se vody. (I drank some water.) Chceš se napít? (Do you want to drink?) Napila se ze sklenice. (She drank from the glass.) Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 101

Plakat vs vyplakat and zaplakat

Answer 101

The verb "plakat" (to cry) is imperfective, meaning it refers to an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "zaplakát" or "vyplakat", which describe a completed action (to cry once or to finish crying). Imperfective (plakat – to cry continuously or repeatedly) Děti často pláčou, když jsou unavené. (Children often cry when they are tired.) On plakal celý večer. (He cried the whole evening.) Pláču, protože jsem smutný. (I am crying because I am sad.) Perfective (zaplakát, vyplakat – to cry completely, to finish crying) Po chvíli zaplakal. (After a while, he cried.) Vyplakala všechno své smutky. (She cried out all her sorrows.) Zaplakal, když uslyšel tu zprávu. (He cried when he heard the news.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 102

Plavat

Answer 102

The verb "plavat" (to swim) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "zaplavat" or "doplavit", which describe a completed action (to swim for a certain distance or to reach the destination). Imperfective (plavat – to swim continuously, repeatedly) Plavu každý den v bazénu. (I swim every day in the pool.) On plave ve městském jezeře. (He swims in the city lake.) Děti se učí plavat. (The children are learning to swim.) Perfective (zaplavat, doplavit – to swim completely, to finish swimming) Zaplaval jsem celý bazén. (I swam across the entire pool.) Doplavala do cíle za 10 minut. (She swam to the finish line in 10 minutes.) Zaplaval jsem dál než obvykle. (I swam farther than usual.) Would you like more examples or clarifications?

Question 103

Posílat vs poslat

Answer 103

The verb "poslat" (to send) is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to send something completely or after finishing the action). Its imperfective counterpart is "posílat", which refers to an ongoing or repeated action (to send something repeatedly or over time). Imperfective (posílat – to send repeatedly or continuously) Posílám dopisy každý týden. (I send letters every week.) On posílá e-maily svým přátelům. (He sends emails to his friends.) Posíláme dárky na Vánoce. (We send gifts for Christmas.) Perfective (poslat – to send completely, to finish sending) Poslal jsem ti balík. (I sent you a package.) Pošlu ti zprávu, jakmile dorazím. (I will send you a message as soon as I arrive.) Poslal ji do školy. (He sent her to school.) Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 104

Prát vs vyprát

Answer 104

The verb "prát" (to wash, to do laundry) is imperfective, meaning it refers to an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "vyprat", which describes a completed action (to finish washing or doing laundry). Imperfective (prát – to wash continuously or repeatedly) Pracuji, a pořád peru prádlo. (I am working, and I’m always doing laundry.) On prádlo pere každý týden. (He washes laundry every week.) Děti se učí, jak prát oblečení. (The children are learning how to do laundry.) Perfective (vyprat – to finish washing, to wash completely) Vypral jsem všechny svoje košile. (I washed all my shirts.) Přijďte večer, už jsem vyprala prádlo. (Come in the evening, I have already done the laundry.) Vyprali jsme si všechny deky. (We washed all the blankets.) Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 105

přát si vs. popřát si

Answer 105

The verb "přát si" (to wish, to desire) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "popřát si", which describes a completed action (to make a wish or to wish for something). Imperfective (přát si – to wish continuously or repeatedly) Přeji si, aby bylo hezky. (I wish for nice weather.) On si přál nové auto. (He wishes for a new car.) Děti si přejí dárky k Vánocům. (The children wish for presents for Christmas.) Perfective (popřát si – to wish for something or to make a wish) Popřál jsem si štěstí do nového roku. (I wished for happiness in the new year.) Popřál jí zdraví a štěstí. (He/she wished her health and happiness.) Popřál jsem si, aby se moje přání splnilo. (I wished for my wish to come true.) Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 106

Růst vs vyrůst

Answer 106

The verb "růst" (to grow) is imperfective, meaning it refers to an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "vyrůst", which describes a completed action (to grow up, to have grown). Imperfective (růst – to grow continuously or repeatedly) Děti rychle rostou. (Children grow quickly.) Rostou nám nové rostliny v zahradě. (New plants are growing in our garden.) Ten strom roste každým rokem. (That tree grows every year.) Perfective (vyrůst – to grow up, to have grown) Vyrůstal jsem v malém městě. (I grew up in a small town.) Tento strom vyrostl za pár let. (This tree grew in just a few years.) On vyrostl do vysokého muže. (He grew up to be a tall man.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 107

Říct vs říkal

Answer 107

The verb "říct" (to say, to tell) is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to say something or to tell something once). Its imperfective counterpart is "říkat", which refers to an ongoing or repeated action (to say or to tell something repeatedly or continuously). Imperfective (říkat – to say or tell repeatedly, continuously) Říkám ti, že to není pravda. (I am telling you that it’s not true.) On často říká vtipy. (He often tells jokes.) Děti říkají rodičům, co se stalo. (The children are telling their parents what happened.) Perfective (říct – to say or tell completely, once) Řekl jsem mu, že ho mám rád. (I told him that I love him.) Řekla mi, že bude doma. (She told me she will be at home.) Když jsem to řekl, všichni se smáli. (When I said that, everyone laughed.) Would you like more examples or further explanations?

Question 108

skákat vs skočit

Answer 108

The verb "skákat" (to jump) is imperfective, meaning it refers to an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "skočit", which describes a completed action (to jump once or to finish jumping). Imperfective (skákat – to jump continuously or repeatedly) Děti rády skáčou na trampolíně. (The children love jumping on the trampoline.) On skáče vysoko. (He jumps high.) Skákal jsem celé hodiny. (I was jumping for hours.) Perfective (skočit – to jump completely, to finish jumping) Skočil jsem do vody. (I jumped into the water.) On skočil přes překážku. (He jumped over the obstacle.) Skočím na ten stůl. (I will jump onto the table.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 109

Smát se vs zasmát se

Answer 109

The verb "smát se" (to laugh) is imperfective, meaning it refers to an ongoing or repeated action. Its perfective counterpart is "zasmát se", which describes a completed action (to laugh once or to finish laughing). Imperfective (smát se – to laugh continuously or repeatedly) Smějeme se na jeho vtipech. (We are laughing at his jokes.) Děti se často smějí, když si hrají. (The children often laugh when they play.) On se směje každý den. (He laughs every day.) Perfective (zasmát se – to laugh completely, to finish laughing) Zasmál se, když slyšel tu vtipnou historku. (He laughed when he heard the funny story.) Zasmála se a pokračovala v rozhovoru. (She laughed and continued the conversation.) Po chvíli se zasmál tomu vtipu. (After a moment, he laughed at the joke.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 110

Ukázat vs ukazovat

Answer 110

The verb "ukázat" (to show) is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to show something completely or after finishing the action). Its imperfective counterpart is "ukazovat", which refers to an ongoing or repeated action (to show something continuously or over time). Imperfective (ukazovat – to show continuously or repeatedly) Ukazujeme jim novou hračku. (We are showing them the new toy.) Každý den ukazuji studentům nové lekce. (I show the students new lessons every day.) Ona pořád ukazuje své obrázky. (She keeps showing her pictures.) Perfective (ukázat – to show completely, to finish showing) Ukázal mi svůj nový telefon. (He showed me his new phone.) Můžu ti ukázat, jak to funguje. (I can show you how it works.) Ukázal mi cestu do jeho domu. (He showed me the way to his house.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 111

umřít vs umírat

Answer 111

The verb "umřít" (to die) is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to die once, the end of life). Its imperfective counterpart is "umírat", which refers to an ongoing or repeated action (to be dying, to die gradually or over time). Imperfective (umírat – to die continuously or repeatedly) On umírá na nemoc. (He is dying from illness.) Lidé umírají ve stáří. (People die in old age.) Umíral ve spánku. (He was dying in his sleep.) Perfective (umřít – to die completely, to finish dying) Umřel včera večer. (He died last night.) Můj pes umřel před týdnem. (My dog died a week ago.) Umřela po dlouhé nemoci. (She died after a long illness.) Would you like more examples or further explanation?

Question 112

Utéct vs utíkat

Answer 112

The verb "utéct" (to escape, to run away) is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to escape or run away completely). Its imperfective counterpart is "utíkat", which refers to an ongoing or repeated action (to escape or run away continuously or over time). Imperfective (utíkat – to run away, to escape continuously or repeatedly) On utíká před deštěm. (He is running away from the rain.) Zvířata utíkají, když cítí nebezpečí. (The animals run away when they sense danger.) Utíkají každý den do parku. (They run away to the park every day.) Perfective (utéct – to escape completely, to finish running away) Utekl z vězení. (He escaped from prison.) Utekli jsme před bouřkou. (We ran away from the storm.) On utekl, když ho začali pronásledovat. (He escaped when they started chasing him.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 113

zout se vs. zouvat se

Answer 113

The verb "zout se" (to take off one's shoes) is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to remove shoes completely). Its imperfective counterpart is "zouvat se", which refers to an ongoing or repeated action (to be taking off shoes or to take off shoes regularly). Imperfective (zouvat se – to take off shoes repeatedly or continuously) Vždycky se zouvám, když přijdu domů. (I always take off my shoes when I come home.) Děti se zouvají před vstupem do tělocvičny. (The children take off their shoes before entering the gym.) Proč se nezouváš? (Why aren’t you taking off your shoes?) Perfective (zout se – to take off shoes completely, to finish taking them off) Zul jsem se a sedl si na gauč. (I took off my shoes and sat on the couch.) Rychle se zula a běžela dovnitř. (She quickly took off her shoes and ran inside.) Zujte se, prosím, než vstoupíte. (Please take off your shoes before entering.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 114

zůstat vs zůstávat

Answer 114

The verb "zůstat" (to stay, to remain) is perfective, meaning it describes a completed action (to stay at a place or remain in a state). Its imperfective counterpart is "zůstávat", which refers to an ongoing or repeated action (to be staying or remaining regularly). Imperfective (zůstávat – to stay repeatedly or continuously) Každý rok zůstávám u babičky na prázdniny. (Every year, I stay at my grandmother’s for the holidays.) On často zůstává v práci déle. (He often stays at work longer.) Proč vždycky zůstáváš poslední? (Why do you always stay last?) Perfective (zůstat – to stay completely, to finish the action of staying) Zůstal jsem doma, protože pršelo. (I stayed at home because it was raining.) Ona zůstala s ním až do konce. (She stayed with him until the end.) Zůstaň tady, prosím. (Stay here, please.) Would you like more examples or further explanation?

Question 115

Zvát vs. pozvat

Answer 115

The verb "zvát" (to invite) is imperfective, meaning it describes an ongoing or repeated action (inviting someone regularly or continuously). Its perfective counterpart is "pozvat", which describes a completed action (to invite someone once or to finish inviting). Imperfective (zvát – to invite repeatedly or continuously) Každý rok zvu přátele na oslavu. (I invite friends to the party every year.) Koho jsi zval na svatbu? (Who were you inviting to the wedding?) Ona mě vždycky zve na kávu. (She always invites me for coffee.) Perfective (pozvat – to invite completely, to finish inviting) Pozval jsem ji na večeři. (I invited her to dinner.) Pozveme je na náš večírek? (Shall we invite them to our party?) Učitel nás pozval na školní výlet. (The teacher invited us on a school trip.) Would you like more examples or further clarification?

Question 116

žít vs (dožít, prožít, přežít)

Answer 116

The verb "žít" (to live) can function as both imperfective and perfective, depending on the context. However, its imperfective meaning (ongoing, repeated action) is much more common. When used in a perfective sense, it typically emphasizes a completed state or a decisive moment. Imperfective (žít – to live continuously or repeatedly) Žiju v Praze už deset let. (I have been living in Prague for ten years.) Ona žije zdravým životním stylem. (She lives a healthy lifestyle.) Lidé žili jinak před sto lety. (People lived differently a hundred years ago.) Perfective (dožít, prožít, přežít – to complete a phase of living, to survive, or to experience life in a certain way) Dožil se devadesáti let. (He lived to be ninety years old.) Prožil nádherné dětství. (He had a wonderful childhood.) Přežila autonehodu. (She survived a car accident.) Would you like more explanations or examples?

Question 117

Zvuk

Answer 117

Sound

Question 120

být zvyklý na

Answer 120

The Czech phrase "být zvyklý na" translates to "to be used to" in English. For example: Jsem zvyklý na ranní kávu. → I am used to morning coffee. Nejsem zvyklý na takové horko. → I am not used to such heat. It expresses familiarity or habituation to something.

Question 121

Pamatovat si na

Answer 121

1. "pamatovat si na" → to remember something/someone Pamatuji si na tebe. → I remember you. Pamatuješ si na ten film? → Do you remember that movie? 2. "pamatovat na" → to keep something in mind or not forget to do something Pamatuj na svůj slib! → Remember your promise! Musím pamatovat na nákup. → I must remember (not forget) to do the shopping. Would you like more clarification on the differences?

Question 122

Spoléhat na vs. Spolehnout se na

Answer 122

Both phrases mean **"to rely on"** or **"to count on"** someone/something, but they differ in **aspect** (like imperfective vs. perfective in verbs). --- ### **1. Spoléhat na** (imperfective aspect) - Used for **ongoing or repeated reliance**. - Equivalent to "to rely on" (in general). #### Examples: - **"Vždycky se na něj můžu spoléhat."** (I can always rely on him.) - **"Nespoléhej na štěstí!"** (Don’t rely on luck!) --- ### **2. Spolehnout se na** (perfective aspect) - Used for **a single, completed act of reliance**. - Equivalent to "to count on (once)" or "to trust in (a specific case)." #### Examples: - **"Můžeš se na mě spolehnout."** (You can count on me *this time*.) - **"Spolehl se na její slib, ale zklamala ho."** (He counted on her promise, but she disappointed him.) --- ### **Key Difference:** | **Spoléhat na** | **Spolehnout se na** | |----------------|---------------------| | General reliance (habitual) | One-time reliance | | *"Vždy na něj spoléhám."* (I always rely on him.) | *"Teď se na něj můžu spolehnout."* (Now I can count on him.) | --- ### **Bonus: Related Words** - **"Důvěřovat"** = to trust (more about emotional trust) *"Důvěřuji ti."* (I trust you.) - **"Být závislý na"** = to depend on (often negative) *"Je závislý na rodičích."* (He depends on his parents.) Would you like practice sentences? 😊

Question 123

stěžovat si na and postěžovat si na

Answer 123

In Czech, both "stěžovat si na" and "postěžovat si na" mean "to complain about," but they are used slightly differently: 1. "Stěžovat si na": This phrase is used for ongoing or repeated complaints, or when someone generally complains about something. It is in the imperfective aspect, which means it can refer to habitual or repeated actions. Example: Stěžuje si na svou práci. (He/she complains about his/her work.) Karla si stále stěžuje na počasí. (Karla always complains about the weather.) 2. "Postěžovat si na": This is the perfective form, and it often implies a single, completed action of complaining. It can refer to a brief, momentary complaint, or something that has just been expressed. Example: Dneska si postěžoval na špatnou dopravu. (He complained about the bad traffic today.) Postěžovala si na hluk ve městě. (She complained about the noise in the city.) In summary, "stěžovat si na" tends to be used for ongoing or habitual complaints, while "postěžovat si na" refers to a specific, often one-time complaint.

Question 124

hádat se o vs pohádat se o

Answer 124

Both "hádat se o" and "pohádat se o" refer to arguing or quarreling about something in Czech, but they are used slightly differently in terms of their aspect and focus: 1. "Hádat se o" (imperfective aspect): This form is used for ongoing or repeated arguments. It suggests a process of arguing about something and is used when the action is happening or has been happening over a period of time. Example: Hádej se o to, kdo má pravdu. (Argue about who is right.) Stále se hádají o peníze. (They are always arguing about money.) 2. "Pohádat se o" (perfective aspect): This form indicates a completed action or a one-time event. It suggests that the argument has taken place and is finished. It focuses on the fact that the argument occurred, rather than the process of ongoing arguing. Example: Pohádali se o tu knihu. (They argued about the book.) Pohádali se o dovolenou. (They had an argument about the vacation.) Summary: "Hádat se o" = The ongoing or repeated process of arguing about something (imperfective). "Pohádat se o" = The completed action of having argued about something (perfective).

Question 125

zvykat si na and zvyknout si na

Answer 125

1. "Zvykat si na" (imperfective aspect): This phrase is used when the action of getting used to something is in progress or is ongoing. It implies that the process of adapting to something is happening over time. It is often used when the person is still in the process of becoming accustomed to something. Example: Zvykám si na nové město. (I am getting used to the new city.) Zvykáme si na nová pravidla. (We are getting used to the new rules.) 2. "Zvyknout si na" (perfective aspect): This form refers to the completed action of getting used to something. It implies that the person has already become accustomed to something. It is used when the process of adaptation is finished, and the person is now comfortable or familiar with it. Example: Už jsem si zvykl na české jídlo. (I have already gotten used to Czech food.) Zvykla si na nový životní styl. (She has gotten used to the new lifestyle.) Summary: "Zvykat si na" = The ongoing process of getting used to something (imperfective). "Zvyknout si na" = The completed action of having gotten used to something (perfective).

Question 125

prosit o and poprosit o

Answer 125

1. "Prosit o" (imperfective aspect): This form is used for the ongoing or habitual action of asking for something. It can also imply a sense of begging or pleading. It often suggests that the request is made over a period of time or repeatedly. Example: Prosil o pomoc. (He was asking for help / He asked for help.) Prosím o nějaký čas. (I am asking for some time.) The verb "prosit" is generally used in more serious or desperate situations, often implying a stronger need or plea. 2. "Poprosit o" (perfective aspect): This form is used for a one-time or completed request. It suggests that the action of asking for something has already happened or is planned to happen in the future. "Poprosit" tends to sound more polite and formal than "prosit." Example: Poprosil o odpuštění. (He asked for forgiveness.) Poprosím tě o pomoc. (I will ask you for help.) Summary: "Prosit o" = The ongoing or repeated act of asking for something (imperfective). It can have a sense of pleading. "Poprosit o" = A single, completed request or a planned request (perfective). It is generally more polite or formal.

Question 126

is used to talk about efforts or attempts to achieve something.

Answer 126

The phrase "snažit se o" in Czech means "to try to" or "to strive for" something. It is used to express an effort or attempt to achieve a particular goal or outcome. The verb "snažit se" is imperfective, indicating that the action is ongoing or being continuously attempted. Example sentences: 1. Snažím se o lepší výsledky. (I am trying for better results.) 2. Snažili se o zlepšení vztahů. (They tried to improve the relationships.) 3. Snažím se o zhubnutí. (I am trying to lose weight.)

Question 127

to take care of

Answer 127

1. "Starat se o" (imperfective aspect): This form indicates an ongoing or habitual action. It is used when someone is regularly or continuously taking care of something or someone. It expresses a process or an activity that is happening over time. Example sentences: Starám se o své zvíře. (I take care of my pet.) On se stará o svou matku. (He takes care of his mother.) Starají se o děti každý den. (They take care of the children every day.) 2. "Postarat se o" (perfective aspect): This form indicates a completed action or a one-time event. It is used when someone takes care of something or someone in a particular instance, or when the action is finished. It implies that the responsibility has been fulfilled or will be fulfilled. Example sentences: Postaral se o všechny záležitosti. (He took care of all the matters.) Postarám se o to. (I will take care of it.) Pořádně se postarejte o děti! (Take proper care of the children!) Summary: "Starat se o" = Ongoing, habitual care (imperfective). "Postarat se o" = One-time or completed action of taking care (perfective).

Question 128

zajímat se o

Answer 128

Example sentences: 1. Zajímám se o historii. (I am interested in history.) 2. On se zajímá o sport. (He is interested in sports.) 3. Zajímají se o politiku. (They are interested in politics.) In short, "zajímat se o" expresses an interest or engagement in something, often indicating curiosity or active involvement.

Question 129

"to ask for" or "to request"

Answer 129

1. "Žádat o" (imperfective aspect): This form is used when the action of asking for something is ongoing, repeated, or habitual. It refers to the process of asking for something or making a request over time. Example sentences: Žádám o pomoc. (I am asking for help.) Stále žádají o prodloužení lhůty. (They are still asking for an extension.) 2. "Požádat o" (perfective aspect): This form indicates a completed action of making a request. It is used when the action of asking for something is finished or has been completed, or when it is something you plan to do in the future. It implies that the request is a one-time event or that it will be completed at a specific moment. Example sentences: Požádal o odpuštění. (He asked for forgiveness.) Požádám o výjimku. (I will ask for an exception.) Summary: "Žádat o" = The ongoing or habitual act of asking for something (imperfective). "Požádat o" = A one-time or completed request (perfective).

Question 130

"věřit v", "uvěřit v", and "věřit na

Answer 130

1. "Věřit v" (imperfective aspect): This phrase means "to believe in" something or someone, typically in a more abstract or philosophical sense. It is often used when referring to things like faith, trust, or belief in ideas, people, or concepts. Examples: Věřím v lásku. (I believe in love.) Věřím v jeho schopnosti. (I believe in his abilities.) 2. "Uvěřit v" (perfective aspect): This phrase also means "to believe in", but it is used for a one-time action, indicating that someone has come to believe in something or someone after some thought or experience. It often implies that belief was established or achieved after some time or a particular event. Examples: Uvěřil v Boha. (He believed in God [after some time or experience].) Nakonec jsem uvěřil v jeho sliby. (In the end, I believed in his promises.) 3. "Věřit na" (less common, more concrete): "Věřit na" is used when referring to belief in something more tangible or specific, like myths, superstitions, or specific phenomena. It is often used for more concrete or supernatural ideas. Examples: Věřím na štěstí. (I believe in luck.) Někteří lidé věří na horoskopy. (Some people believe in horoscopes.) Summary: "Věřit v" = To believe in (abstract concepts, ideas, or people, ongoing belief). "Uvěřit v" = To come to believe in (a completed action, coming to a belief). "Věřit na" = To believe in (more concrete or superstitious things).

Question 131

být odpovědný za

Answer 131

to be responsible for" something or someone. It indicates that a person has the duty or obligation to take care of, manage, or oversee a particular task, situation, or group. Example sentences: 1. Jsem odpovědný za tento projekt. (I am responsible for this project.) 2. On je odpovědný za děti, když jsou doma. (He is responsible for the children when they are at home.) 3. Tato firma je odpovědná za ochranu životního prostředí. (This company is responsible for environmental protection.) In short, "být odpovědný za" is used to express accountability or responsibility for a particular thing, task, or group.

Question 132

děkovat za and poděkovat za

Answer 132

In Czech, "děkovat za" and "poděkovat za" both mean "to thank for", but they are used in different aspects and contexts: 1. "Děkovat za" (imperfective aspect): This form is used for ongoing, habitual, or repeated actions of thanking. It refers to the process of thanking someone or something. Example sentences: Děkuji za pomoc. (I thank you for your help.) Děkuji ti za dárky. (I thank you for the gifts.) Každý den děkuji za všechno. (I thank for everything every day.) 2. "Poděkovat za" (perfective aspect): This form indicates a completed or one-time action of thanking. It is used when the act of thanking has already been completed or is being planned to happen in the future. Example sentences: Chtěl bych ti poděkovat za pomoc. (I would like to thank you for your help.) Poděkovali za jeho podporu. (They thanked for his support.) Summary: "Děkovat za" = Ongoing, repeated, or habitual action of thanking (imperfective). "Poděkovat za" = One-time or completed act of thanking (perfective).

Question 133

stydět se za

Answer 133

The phrase "stydět se za" in Czech means "to be ashamed of" something or someone. It expresses a feeling of embarrassment, guilt, or shame regarding a specific action, behavior, or situation. Example sentences: 1. Stydím se za své chování. (I am ashamed of my behavior.) 2. Ona se stydí za své rozhodnutí. (She is ashamed of her decision.) 3. On se styděl za to, co udělal. (He was ashamed of what he did.) In short, "stydět se za" is used to describe the feeling of shame or embarrassment about something.

Question 134

utrácet za" and "utratit za

Answer 134

1. "Utrácet za" (imperfective aspect): This form is used when the action of spending money is ongoing, habitual, or repeated. It refers to the continuous process of spending. Example sentences: Utrácím za jídlo každý den. (I spend money on food every day.) Stále utrácí za nové oblečení. (They keep spending money on new clothes.) 2. "Utratit za" (perfective aspect): This form indicates a completed action of spending money, focusing on a one-time event or a specific instance of spending. Example sentences: Utratil za dovolenou hodně peněz. (He spent a lot of money on the vacation.) Utratila všechny peníze za nové knihy. (She spent all her money on new books.) Summary: "Utrácet za" = Ongoing or repeated action of spending money (imperfective). "Utratit za" = Completed or one-time action of spending money (perfective).

Question 135

Být schopen

Answer 135

"Být schopen" is a Czech phrase that means "to be able" or "to be capable" in English. It is used to express the ability to do something. For example: Jsem schopen to udělat. → "I am able to do it." Nebyl schopen odpovědět. → "He was not able to answer."

Question 136

nechávat and nechat

Answer 136

The Czech verbs "nechávat" and "nechat" have similar meanings but differ in aspect: "Nechávat" – imperfective, meaning an ongoing, habitual, or repeated action. "Nechat" – perfective, meaning a completed, one-time action. 9 Examples and Usage 1. To leave something somewhere Nechávám klíče na stole. → "I (regularly) leave my keys on the table." (habit) Nechal jsem klíče na stole. → "I left the keys on the table." (one-time action) 2. To let/allow someone to do something Nechávají děti hrát venku. → "They let the kids play outside." (regularly) Nechali děti hrát venku. → "They let the kids play outside." (this one time) 3. To have something done Nechávám si stříhat vlasy u stejného kadeřníka. → "I (regularly) have my hair cut by the same hairdresser." Nechal jsem si ostříhat vlasy. → "I had my hair cut." (one-time) Would you like more examples or explanations?

Question 137

účastnit se vs. zúčastnit se

Answer 137

The difference between "účastnit se" and "zúčastnit se" lies in their aspect: "Účastnit se" – imperfective, meaning an ongoing or repeated participation. "Zúčastnit se" – perfective, meaning a completed or one-time participation. Examples and Usage 1. Ongoing or repeated participation (imperfective) Pravidelně se účastním konferencí. → "I regularly participate in conferences." Účastníme se soutěže každý rok. → "We take part in the competition every year." 2. One-time or completed participation (perfective) Zúčastnil jsem se včerejší schůzky. → "I participated in yesterday’s meeting." Zúčastnila se olympiády v roce 2020. → "She took part in the Olympics in 2020." Both verbs are followed by the genitive case (účastnit se/zúčastnit se čeho). Let me know if you need more examples!

Question 138

Vážit si

Answer 138

"Vážit si" is a Czech phrase that means **"to appreciate," "to value,"** or **"to respect"** someone or something. It expresses a sense of gratitude or recognition of worth. ### Examples: 1. **"Vážím si tvé pomoci."** – *"I appreciate your help."* 2. **"Měl by sis více vážit svého zdraví."** – *"You should value your health more."* 3. **"Vážím si svých přátel."** – *"I appreciate my friends."* ### Related Words: - **"úcta"** – respect - **"ocenit"** – to appreciate (more situational) - **"hodnotit"** – to evaluate, but can also imply valuing Would you like help with a specific sentence? 😊

Question 139

Všímat si a všimnout si

Answer 139

to notice"** in Czech, but they differ in aspect (imperfective vs. perfective) and usage. Here's the breakdown: ### **1. Všimat si** (imperfective – repeated or ongoing action) - Used for **noticing over time** or **paying attention continuously**. - Often paired with words like **"pořád"** (constantly), **"často"** (often), or **"někdo"** (someone). #### Examples: - **"Všímám si, že často chodíš pozdě."** *(I notice that you often come late.)* - **"Proč si mě pořád všímáš?"** *(Why do you keep noticing me? / Why are you always paying attention to me?)* --- ### **2. Všimnout si** (perfective – one-time completed action) - Used for **sudden or single realizations**. - Often implies **"to spot"** or **"to catch sight of"** something once. #### Examples: - **"Všiml jsem si, že máš nové boty."** *(I noticed you have new shoes.)* - **"Nikdo si nevšiml, že jsem odešel."** *(No one noticed that I left.)* --- ### **Key Difference:** | **Aspect** | **"všimat si"** (imperfective) | **"všimnout si"** (perfective) | |------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------| | **Usage** | Repeated/ongoing noticing | Single, completed noticing | | **Example**| "Všímám si změn." *(I keep noticing changes.)* | "Všimla si ho až teď." *(She only noticed him now.)

Question 140

zbavovat se vs. zbavit se

Answer 140

Great question! The verbs **""** both mean **"to get rid of"** in Czech, but they differ in **aspect** (imperfective vs. perfective) and **usage**. Here’s the breakdown: --- ### **1. Zbavovat se** (imperfective – ongoing or repeated action) - Used when the process of getting rid of something is **gradual, repeated, or not yet completed**. - Often implies **a longer struggle** or **multiple attempts**. #### **Examples:** - **"Pomalu se zbavuju starých věcí."** *(I’m slowly getting rid of old things.)* - **"Pořád se nemůže zbavovat špatných návyků."** *(He still can’t get rid of his bad habits.)* --- ### **2. Zbavit se** (perfective – one-time completed action) - Used when **successfully removing something in a single action**. - Often implies **a definite result**. #### **Examples:** - **"Konečně jsem se zbavil bolesti hlavy."** *(I finally got rid of my headache.)* - **"Zbav se toho hned!"** *(Get rid of it now!)* --- ### **Key Difference:** | Aspect | **"zbavovat se"** (imperf.) | **"zbavit se"** (perf.) | |--------|-----------------------------|------------------------| | **Meaning** | Process of removing (not yet done) | Successful removal (done) | | **Example** | *"Snažím se zbavovat stresu."* (I’m trying to get rid of stress.) | *"Zbavil jsem se stresu."* (I got rid of stress.) | --- ### **Extra Notes:** - Both are **reflexive** (require **"se"**). - **"Zbavit"** can also mean **"to free someone else"** (e.g., *"Lékař ho zbavil bolesti."* – *"The doctor freed him from pain."*) Would you like practice sentences? 😊

Question 141

dát se do

Answer 141

The phrase **"dát se do"** in Czech is a versatile expression that can mean different things depending on the context. Here's a detailed breakdown: ### **1. Basic Meaning: "To start (doing something)"** This is the most common usage, similar to "to get down to (doing something)" in English. **Examples:** - **"Dal se do práce."** (He got down to work.) - **"Dala se do čtení knihy."** (She started reading the book.) - **"Dejme se do úklidu!"** (Let's start cleaning!) ### **2. Literal Meaning: "To give oneself to" (less common)** In some contexts, it can have a more literal meaning of surrendering or giving oneself to something. **Example:** - **"Dal se do běhu."** (He gave himself to running / He started running intensely.) ### **3. Colloquial Use: "To get into (a state or activity)"** Sometimes used to describe entering a state or engaging in an activity with determination. **Examples:** - **"Dal se do pláče."** (He burst into tears.) - **"Dala se do smíchu."** (She burst out laughing.) ### **4. Reflexive Form** Note that this is a reflexive verb, so it always requires the pronoun **"se"** (or **"si"** in some dialects). ### **Comparison with Similar Phrases** - **"Začít"** = neutral "to start" ("Začal pracovat." = He started working.) - **"Dát se do"** = implies more active engagement or determination ("Dal se do práce." = He got down to work [with effort].) ### **Negative Form** - **"Nedal se do práce."** (He didn't start working.)

Question 142

přihlašovat se vs přihlásit se

Answer 142

The verbs **přihlašovat se"** (imperfective) and **"přihlásit" se"** (perfective) are used with the preposition **"do"** to mean **"to register/sign up for"** something. Here's the detailed explanation: --- ### **1. Přihlašovat se do** (imperfective) - **Meaning:** The process of registering/signing up (ongoing or repeated action). - **Usage:** - When talking about **repeated** or **incomplete** registration. - When emphasizing the **process** rather than the result. #### **Examples:** - **"Každý rok se přihlašuju do stejného kurzu."** *(Every year, I sign up for the same course.)* - **"Právě se přihlašuju do systému, ale něco nefunguje."** *(I'm currently trying to log in to the system, but something isn't working.)* --- ### **2. Přihlásit se do** (perfective) - **Meaning:** A **one-time completed action** of registering/signing up. - **Usage:** - When the registration is **finished successfully**. - For **single, decisive actions**. #### **Examples:** - **"Včera jsem se přihlásil do fitness centra."** *(Yesterday, I signed up for the fitness center.)* - **"Přihlas se do kurzu do pátku, jinak bude plno!"** *(Sign up for the course by Friday, otherwise it’ll be full!)* --- ### **Key Differences:** | Aspect | **"přihlašovat se do"** (imperfective) | **"přihlásit se do"** (perfective) | |--------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------| | **Meaning** | Ongoing/incomplete registration | One-time, completed registration | | **Example** | *"Přihlašuju se do soutěže."* (I'm signing up for the competition.) | *"Přihlásil jsem se do soutěže."* (I signed up for the competition.) | --- ### **Common Phrases with "do"** - **"přihlásit se do kurzu"** (sign up for a course) - **"přihlašovat se do systému"** (log in to a system repeatedly) - **"přihlásit se do školy"** (enroll in a school) ### **Synonyms & Related Words** - **zapsat se (do)** = to enroll (in) - **registrovat se (do)** = to register (for)

Question 143

zamilovat se do

Answer 143

The phrase **"zamilovat se do"** in Czech means **"to fall in love with"** someone or something. It is always used with the preposition **"do"** (unlike in English, where we say "in love with"). ### **Key Features:** 1. **Reflexive Verb** – Requires **"se"** (e.g., *zamilovat **se***). 2. **Perfective Aspect** – Describes a **completed action** (falling in love). - The imperfective counterpart is **"zamilovávat se do"** (the process of falling in love). 3. **Preposition "do" + Genitive** – Always followed by **"do"** + the person/thing you fall in love with. --- ### **Conjugation (Perfective – "zamilovat se do")** | Person | Example | |--------|---------| | Já | **Zamiloval(a) jsem se do** ní. *(I fell in love with her.)* | | Ty | **Zamiloval(a) ses do** té knihy? *(Did you fall in love with that book?)* | | On/Ona/Ono | **Zamiloval se do** Prahy. *(He fell in love with Prague.)* | | My | **Zamilovali jsme se do** sebe. *(We fell in love with each other.)* | | Vy | **Zamilovali jste se do** té písně? *(Did you fall in love with that song?)* |

Question 144

lišit se od

Answer 144

Common Phrases: - **"Lišit se názorem"** – *to differ in opinion* - **"Lišit se velikostí"** – *to differ in size* - **"Lišit se přístupem"** – *to differ in approach*

Question 145

Půjčovat si od/ půjčit se od

Answer 145

Tuhle knihu jsem si půjčil od martiny

Question 146

Dělat si legraci z/ udělat si legraci z

Answer 146

Děti si dělaly legraci z jejího účesu.

Question 147

Překládat z - do / Přeložit z - do

Answer 147

Přeložna z češtiny do angličtiny

Question 148

Obviňovat z/ obvinit z

Answer 148

Soud ho obvinil z vraždy. (The court accused him of murder.)

Question 149

Pocházet z

Answer 149

Pocházím z Syrie

Question 150

bezvadný lektor

Answer 150

Perfect

Question 151

vyhýbat se

Answer 151

The verb "vyhýbám" is the first person singular form of "vyhýbat se", which means "to avoid" in Czech. It is used to express that you are actively avoiding something or someone. Example sentences: 1. Vyhýbám se konfliktům. (I avoid conflicts.) 2. Vyhýbám se stresovým situacím. (I avoid stressful situations.) In short, "vyhýbám se" means "I avoid" or "I am avoiding" something.

Question 152

Zábava vs nuda

Answer 152

Zábava = Fun, entertainment, amusement (something enjoyable). Nuda = Boredom, dullness (something unenjoyable).

Question 153

svítit

Answer 153

The verb "svítit" in Czech means "to shine", "to light up", or "to glow." It is commonly used to describe the action of emitting light or illuminating a space, as well as referring to the presence of light from a source like the sun, a lamp, or a fire. Example sentences: 1. Slunce svítí na obloze. (The sun is shining in the sky.) 2. Svítí světlo v pokoji. (The light is on in the room.) 3. Lampy na ulici svítí celou noc. (The street lamps shine all night.) It can also be used in a more figurative sense, such as: Je to skvělý den, všechno svítí a je jasné. (It's a great day, everything is shining and clear.) Summary: "Svítit" refers to emitting light or shining, typically used for natural or artificial light sources.

Question 154

diky tomu se nám lektor může pořád věnovat

Answer 154

Can pay attention to us

Question 155

pochválit

Answer 155

praise مدح

Question 156

Zato já jsem na ně úplný dřevo,

Answer 156

But I'm completely against them.

Question 157

Každý má holt talent na něco jiného

Answer 157

...Everyone has a talent for something different...

Question 158

Kde se tu berete?

Answer 158

What brings you here

Question 159

, ,povídat

Answer 159

The word "povídali" is a Czech verb povídat," which means "to talk" or "to tell." It is typically used to describe a conversation or a narration that hrm that means "they were talking" or "they were telling" in English. It is the past tense of the verb "appened in the past.

Question 160

vyrůstat

Answer 160

Vyrůstat is used to describe the process of growing up, especially in terms of physical or emotional development, or the environment in which someone grows up. Example 1 (Literal): Czech: Vyrůstal jsem na vesnici. English: "I grew up in the countryside." In this case, vyrůstat refers to the physical process of maturing in a specific place, in this case, the countryside. Example 2 (Figurative): Czech: Mnoho lidí vyrůstá s různými hodnotami. English: "Many people grow up with different values." Here, vyrůstat refers to the development of beliefs, ideas, or principles over time. So, vyrůstat can apply both to a literal growing-up process or to a more abstract personal development.

Question 161

ocitnout se

Answer 161

The Czech phrase ocitnout se means "to find oneself" or "to end up" in a particular situation, often unexpectedly. It describes a state in which someone suddenly or unintentionally appears or finds themselves. Examples: 1. Finding oneself in a physical place: Czech: Po dlouhém bloudění jsem se ocitl uprostřed lesa. English: "After wandering for a long time, I found myself in the middle of the forest." 2. Finding oneself in a difficult situation: Czech: Ocitla se ve finančních problémech. English: "She found herself in financial trouble." 3. Unexpected outcome: Czech: Nikdy by mě nenapadlo, že se ocitnu v takové situaci. English: "I never thought I would end up in such a situation." It is often used to describe situations that are unexpected or happen suddenly.

Question 162

privatizační fond

Answer 162

A privatizační fond in Czech refers to a privatization fund, which is an investment fund created to manage and invest assets during the process of privatization. These funds played a significant role in the transition from a state-controlled economy to a market economy, especially in post-communist countries like the Czech Republic. Explanation: During privatization, state-owned enterprises were transferred to private ownership. Privatization funds allowed citizens to invest their voucher points (issued by the government) into these funds, which then managed and distributed ownership in various companies. Example Sentence: Czech: V 90. letech mnoho lidí investovalo své kupóny do privatizačních fondů. English: "In the 1990s, many people invested their vouchers in privatization funds." These funds helped distribute state assets but were also criticized for lack of regulation, leading to asset stripping and fraud in some cases.

Question 163

akcionář

Answer 163

The Czech word akcionář means shareholder or stockholder in English. It refers to a person or entity that owns shares in a company and, as a result, has a financial interest in its performance. Explanation: Shareholders can receive dividends, vote on important company decisions, and influence corporate policies depending on the number of shares they own. Example Sentences: 1. Czech: Akcionáři společnosti dostali letos vyšší dividendu. English: "The company's shareholders received a higher dividend this year." 2. Czech: Jako akcionář mám právo hlasovat na valné hromadě. English: "As a shareholder, I have the right to vote at the general meeting." Akcionáři can be individual investors or large institutions, such as banks and investment funds.

Question 164

nabízí nabízí domov i zábavu

Answer 164

The Czech word "nabízí" means "offers" in English. It is the third-person singular form of the verb "nabízet", which means "to offer" or "to provide". Examples: 1. Offering a product or service: Czech: Tento obchod nabízí široký výběr oblečení. English: "This store offers a wide selection of clothing." 2. Offering help or opportunity: Czech: Firma nabízí možnost práce z domova. English: "The company offers the possibility of working from home." 3. Abstract offering (e.g., an opportunity or idea): Czech: Tato situace nabízí zajímavé řešení. English: "This situation offers an interesting solution." It is commonly used in business, services, and daily conversations when talking about providing something to someone.

Question 165

provoz

Answer 165

The Czech word provoz means "operation" or "traffic" in English, depending on the context. It can refer to the functioning of a system, process, or machine, as well as to the flow of vehicles or people. Examples: 1. Operation / Functioning (of a system or machine): Czech: Provoz továrny je neustále v chodu. English: "The operation of the factory is constantly running." 2. Traffic (vehicles or people): Czech: Provoz na silnici je v tuto chvíli velmi hustý. English: "The traffic on the road is very heavy at the moment." In short, provoz can refer to both the activity of a process or system and to traffic or movement, depending on the situation.

Question 166

pěstounská rodina

Answer 166

A pěstounská rodina in Czech refers to a "foster family." It is a family that provides temporary care and upbringing for children who cannot live with their biological parents, often due to various reasons such as abuse, neglect, or other difficult circumstances. Foster families take on the responsibility of caring for these children, offering them a safe and supportive environment until they can either be reunited with their biological parents or adopted. Example: Czech: Dítě bylo umístěno do pěstounské rodiny, protože jeho rodiče se o něj nemohli postarat. English: "The child was placed in a foster family because his parents could not take care of him." In this context, pěstounská rodina is an important part of the child welfare system, providing a temporary solution while a more permanent arrangement is made.

Question 167

Bouchání do podlahy

Answer 167

"الضرب على الأرض" أو "الطرْق على الأرض" --- تفصيل الكلمات: Bouchání = الضرب أو الطَرق (من الفعل bouchat، أي ضرب شيء بشدة) do = إلى / على (حرف جر يشير إلى الاتجاه أو المكان) podlahy = الأرض (حالة المضاف للكلمة podlaha التي تعني الأرض أو الأرضية) --- مثال في جملة: „Slyšela jsem bouchání do podlahy.“ "سمعتُ الضرب على الأرض." هل تحتاج إلى مزيد من التوضيح حول الكلمات أو الجمل؟

Question 168

Hlasitě a vyděšeně

Answer 168

"بصوت عالٍ وبخوف شديد" أو "بصوت مرتفع ومذعور" --- شرح الكلمات: Hlasitě = بصوت مرتفع / بصخب Vyděšeně = بخوف / بذعر / برعب --- مثال في جملة: „Křičela hlasitě a vyděšeně.“ "كانت تصرخ بصوت عالٍ ومذعور." --- تحب أترجم الجمل الكاملة من القصة أو أوضحها بشكل سردي؟

Question 169

Seběhla jsem schody

Answer 169

"نزلتُ الدرج بسرعة" أو "أسرعتُ بالنزول على السلالم" --- شرح تفصيلي: Seběhla = نزلتُ بسرعة (من الفعل seběhnout، أي الجري أو النزول بسرعة من مكان مرتفع) jsem = أنا (ضمير مساعد للماضي) schody = الدَّرج / السلالم --- مثال آخر: „Jakmile jsem uslyšela výkřik, seběhla jsem schody.“ "ما إن سمعتُ الصرخة حتى نزلتُ الدرج بسرعة." هل تود أن أساعدك في تحليل قصة قصيرة بها هذه العبارات؟

Question 170

pochyba

Answer 170

"شك" أو "تردد" الاسم „pochyba“ يشير إلى شكوك أو تردد في قرار أو فكرة. --- مثال في جملة: „Nemám žádné pochybnosti.“ "ليس لدي أي شكوك." „Měl jsem pochyb o jeho záměrech.“ "كان لدي شك في نواياه." هل تريد المزيد من الأمثلة أو توضيح حول الكلمة؟

Question 171

znova „zase,, opět

Answer 171

1. „Znova” „Znova” تعني "من جديد" أو "مرة أخرى". تُستخدم للإشارة إلى فعل يحدث من جديد بعد أن تم توقفه أو انتهاؤه. أمثلة: „Pokusím se to udělat znova.“ "سأحاول فعل ذلك من جديد." „Můžeme začít znova?“ "هل يمكننا البدء من جديد؟" 2. „Zase” „Zase” تعني أيضًا "مرة أخرى" أو "من جديد"، وتُستخدم بشكل عام في سياقات أكثر عفوية أو يومية. يمكن أن تشير إلى حدوث شيء تكرر أو عاد بعد فترة. أمثلة: „Zase jsem zapomněl klíče.“ "لقد نسيت المفاتيح مرة أخرى." „Zase to funguje!“ "يعمل مرة أخرى!" 3. „Opět” „Opět” تعني أيضًا "مرة أخرى" أو "من جديد"، لكنها تُستخدم بشكل أكثر رسمية أو في سياقات مكتوبة. أمثلة: „Opět jsme se setkali na konferenci.“ "لقد التقينا مرة أخرى في المؤتمر." „Opět se ukázal jako nejlepší.“ "لقد ظهر مرة أخرى كأفضل شخص." الفرق بين العبارات: „Znova”: تُستخدم عندما يتعلق الأمر بشيء يتم إعادة فعله من البداية أو بعد توقف. „Zase”: تُستخدم بشكل عام في الحياة اليومية، عندما يشير الفعل إلى شيء يتكرر أو يحدث مرة أخرى بعد فترة. „Opět”: تُستخدم في السياقات الأكثر رسمية أو عند الكتابة. هل تحتاج إلى مزيد من الأمثلة أو شرح في سياقات مختلفة؟

Question 172

Když vtom se ozval výkřik

Answer 172

"عندما فجأة سُمع صراخ" أو "وفجأة دوّى صراخ" --- شرح الكلمة كلمة: Když = عندما vtom = في تلك اللحظة / فجأة se ozval = سُمع / انطلق (صوت ما) výkřik = صرخة / صياح --- الجملة في سياق درامي: مثلاً في قصة: „Šli temným lesem a najednou... když vtom se ozval výkřik!“ "كانوا يمشون في الغابة المظلمة وفجأة... سُمع صراخ!" تحب أشرح لك كلمات مشابهة مثل „najednou“ أو „ozvat se“؟

Question 173

بم يكن متوقعا

Answer 173

عبارة „Nemělo být očekáváno” أو „Nebyl to očekávaný výsledek” في التشيكية تعني "لم يكن متوقعًا"، وتستخدم للإشارة إلى أن شيئًا ما حدث بشكل غير متوقع أو مفاجئ. بعض الأمثلة: „Tento výsledek nebyl očekáván.“ "لم يكن هذا النتيجة متوقعة." „To, co se stalo, nebylo vůbec očekáváno.“ "ما حدث لم يكن متوقعًا على الإطلاق." استخدامات أخرى في سياقات مشابهة: „To bylo nečekané.“ "كان ذلك غير متوقع." „Nemohl jsem si představit, že to dopadne takhle.“ "لم أكن أستطيع أن أتخيل أن الأمور ستسير على هذا النحو." هل تحتاج إلى أمثلة أو توضيحات إضافية؟

Question 174

zážitek

Answer 174

كلمة „zážitek“ في التشيكية تعني: "تجربة" أو "خبرة شخصية" (غالبًا تكون قوية أو لا تُنسى). --- أمثلة: „Byl to nezapomenutelný zážitek.“ "كانت تجربة لا تُنسى." „Mám skvělý zážitek z dovolené.“ "لديّ تجربة رائعة من الإجازة." --- الجمع: المفرد: zážitek الجمع: zážitky → تجارب „Rád sbírám nové zážitky.“ "أحب جمع تجارب جديدة." --- هل تريد أن تستخدمها في جملة معي أو تعرف الفرق بينها وبين كلمة مثل „zkušenost“؟

Question 175

tolik

Answer 175

الكلمة „tolik“ في التشيكية تعني: "كل هذا القدر" أو "كثيرًا" / "بهذا الكمّ" وتُستخدم للتعبير عن كمية كبيرة أو درجة كبيرة من شيء ما. --- أمثلة: „Děkuji ti tolik!“ "أشكرك كثيرًا!" „To je tolik peněz!“ "هذا مبلغ كبير من المال!" „Proč tolik mluvíš?“ "لماذا تتحدث كثيرًا؟" --- ملاحظات: „tolik“ = غالبًا تُستخدم مع الأسماء أو الصفات، وتعني كمية. تقابل في الإنجليزية: so much, so many, that much --- هل ترغب بجمل إضافية أو الفرق بينها وبين كلمات مثل „moc“ أو „hodně“؟

Question 178

zdroj

Answer 178

Source