Lesson 1

Question 1

stresses individual differences in behavior

Answer 1

Personality psychology

Question 2

• study of how people think about, perceive, and remember aspects of the world

Answer 2

Cognitive psychology

Question 3

• study of behavior of people in the aggregate (population level issues)

Answer 3

Sociology

Question 4

is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another.

Answer 4

Social Psychology

Question 5

• How we perceive ourselves and others
• What we believe
• Judgments we make
• Our attitudes

Answer 5

Social thinking

Question 6

• Culture
• Pressures to conform
• Persuasion
• Groups of people

Answer 6

Social influence

Question 7

• Prejudice
• Aggression
• Attraction and intimacy
• Helping

Answer 7

Social relations

Question 8

First social psychology text only appear approximately during

Answer 8

1900

Question 9

• Social behavior is biologically rooted.

True or False

Answer 9

True

Question 10

• the positive or negative way a person views the world
• Attitudes and personality influence behavior

Answer 10

Disposition

Question 11

• the positive or negative way a person views the world
• Attitudes and personality influence behavior

Answer 11

Disposition

Question 12

this (individual differences) affects our behavior

Answer 12

Personality dispositions

Question 13

explains that our inherited human nature predisposes us to behave in ways that helped our ancestors survive and reproduce.

Answer 13

Evolutionary Psychologists/Pyschology

Question 14

he claims that behind every human action has a biological explanation

Answer 14

Sapolsky’s theory of behavioral biology

Question 15

• An interdisciplinary field that explores the neural bases of social and emotional processes and behaviors, and how these processes and behaviors affect our brain biology

Answer 15

Social neuroscience

Question 16

• This ;the i-knew-it-all-along phenomenon) often makes people overconfident about the validity of their judgements and predictions.

Answer 16

hindsight bias

Question 17

• - is credited with having published the first research article in social psychology.
- Cyclists tend to race faster when in a group observation. Study of social context on the behavior of an individual.

Answer 17

Norman Triplett

Question 18

• French agricultural engineer who studied the effects of the presence of others on the performance of individuals.
• individuals often performed worse on simple tasks when they performed the tasks with other people

Answer 18

Max Ringelmann

Question 19

his book in particular, with its focus on the interaction of individuals and their social context and its emphasis on the use of experimentation and the scientific method, helped establish social psychology as the discipline it is today.

Answer 19

Allport’s

Question 20

his book in particular, with its focus on the interaction of individuals and their social context and its emphasis on the use of experimentation and the scientific method, helped establish social psychology as the discipline it is today.

Answer 20

Allport’s

Question 21

who are the 3 that wrote the Social Psychology Books

Answer 21

English psychologist William McDougall (1908) and two Americans, Edward Ross (1908) and Floyd Allport (1924).

Question 22

they formed the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues.

Answer 22

Gordon Allport (younger brother of Floyd, author of the 1924 textbook) and a number of other social psychologists

Question 23

• - gave fundamental principles of social psychology that established that behavior is a function of the interaction between the person and the environment or interactionist perspective.

Answer 23

Kurt Lewin

Question 24

he published The Nature of Prejudice, a book that continues to inspire research on stereotyping and prejudice more than a half century later.

Answer 24

Gordon Allport (1954)

Question 25

demonstration of how willing people are to conform to an obviously wrong majority amazes students even today.

Answer 25

Solomon Asch's (1951)

Question 26

introduced two important theories. 1. How people try to learn about themselves by comparing themselves to other people. 2. How people's attitudes can be changed by their own behavior.

Answer 26

Leon Festinger (1954, 1957)

Question 27

• they researched in the early and middle 1960’s: - demonstrated individuals' vulnerability to the destructive commands of authority, became the most famous research in the history of social psychology.

Answer 27

Stanley Milgram

Question 28

- hot (emotion and motivation), cold (cognition).

Answer 28

Hot and Cold perspective

Question 29

: a set of interrelated set of principles that explain and predict observed events. this are often falsifiable. this are a scientific shorthand. this are ideas that summarize and explains facts

Answer 29

Theory

Question 30

: a tentative proposition about the relation between two or more phenomena or variables. o They allow to test the theory o Predictions give direction to research o Practicality of the predictive features of good theories

Answer 30

Hypothesis

Question 31

- choosing the right participants

Answer 31

Sampling

Question 32

- equal chance of inclusion, survey procedure in which every person in the population has a chance.

Answer 32

Random sampling

Question 33

- presentation of subgroups

Answer 33

Inclusion criteria

Question 34

- represents the population under study matters greatly

Answer 34

Sample

Question 35

- the way a question or an issue is posed; it can influence people's decisions and expressed opinions.

Answer 35

Framing

Question 36

Social Psychology Research — a controlled situation) — (everyday situations)

Answer 36

Laboratory research Field research

Question 37

- asking whether two or more factors are naturally associated

Answer 37

Correlational

Question 38

manipulating some factor to see its effect on another

Answer 38

Experimental

Question 39

- the process of assigning participants to the conditions of an experiment such that all persons have the same chance of being in a given condition

Answer 39

Random assignment

Question 40

the variable being measured, so called dependent because it may depend on the manipulations of the independent variable

Answer 40

Dependent variable

Question 41

- is the characteristic of a psychology experiment that is manipulated or changed by researchers, not by other variables in the experiment.

Answer 41

Independent variable

Question 42

o Repeating a research study, often with different participants in different settings, to determine whether a finding could be reproduced

Answer 42

Replication