Lesson 3 Flashcards
It is the process by which we try to shape what others think of us and even what we think of ourselves.
Self-presentation
- is the process by which we try to shape others’ impressions of us.
• In social encounters, people often try to get others to see them in a positive light, as likable or competent.
Strategic Self-Presentation
- a process by which we try to get others to perceive us “accurately,” as we see ourselves.
• Research shows that self-verification motives often trump the desire to be seen in a positive light.
Self-Verification
- to describe acts that are motivated by a desire to “get ahead” and gain respect for one’s competence
Self-Promotion
According to_____ (1987), people are highly motivated in their social encounters to confirm or verify their existing self-concept in the eyes of others.
William Swann
- an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence.
Impression
social psychological term referring to the way in which strangers develop perceptions of each other.
Impression Formation
• These are distortions that protect or enhance self-esteem or the self-concept.
• this is clearly ego-serving.
Self Serving Bias
Publicly making advance external attributions for our anticipated failure or poor performance in a forthcoming event.
Ex. I did not win the boxing match because I had an injury and was not in the best possible condition.
I did not pass the board exam because I had a toothache weeks prior to the exam
Self handicapping
- the process of assigning a cause to our own behavior, and that of others.
Attribution
He Model of social cognition that characterises people as using rational, scientific-like, cause-effect analyses to understand their world.
Naive psychologist (or scientist) -
believed that people are intuitive
psychologists who construct causal theories of human renaviour.
Franz Heider (1958)
- Process of assigning the cause of our own or others’ behaviour to internal or dispositional factors.
Internal (or dispositional)
attribution
Assigning the cause of our own or others’ behaviour to external or environmental factors.
External (or situational) attribution
- A model of social cognition that characterises people as using the least complex and demanding cognitions that are able to produce generally adaptive behaviours.
Cognitive miser
- Cognitive Short-Cuts
Heuristics
is the tendency to form assumptions about a person’s character based on their behavior.
• When we try to explain why people act in a certain way, we often focus on personality traits, underestimating the power of specific situations to lead to specific behaviors.
• In other words, people are inclined to think that others’ actions reflect their personality.
Correspondence bias
is an error made in evaluating the quality of a decision when the outcome of that decision is already
known.
Outcome Bias
Pervasive tendency to consider behaviour to reflect underlying and immutable, often innate, properties of people or the groups they belong to.
Essentialism
People from certain regions (e.g., Ilocanos being labeled as frugal or cebuanos as outspoken) are often seen as inherently possessing these
traits, ignoring cultural, socioeconomic, or individual differences.
Regional Stereotypes
