LESSON 1 Flashcards by Adel Camante

A psychological dysfunction within an individual that is associated with distress and/or impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected

Abnormal behavior

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Criteria for abnormal behavior (4)
1. When an individuals mental processes and behavior INTERFERE with DAILY LIFE
2. EMOTIONAL DISTRESS or difficulty in functioning due to mental health issue
3. Behavior or thoughts that significantly differ from SOCIETAL or CULTURAL expectations
4. individuals actions put themselves or others at risk

Dysfunction
Distress/ impairment
Deviance
Danger

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The scientific study concerned with the nature, development and treatment of mental disorders

Psychopathology

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Scientific approach used by mental health professionals in clinical works (consume, evaluate and create)

Scientist - practitioner

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Unique combination of thoughts, behaviors and feelings that make up a specific disorder

Clinical description

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Process of determining whether the particular problem afflicting the individual meets all criteria for a psychological disorder

Diagnosis

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Presence of more than one distinct mental disorder occuring simultaneously in a single individual

Comorbidity

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Reason why the person came to the mental health institution

Presenting problem/ presents

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Total number of cases in a population

Prevalence

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New cases in a given period of time

Incidence

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Percentage of male-to-female ratio in the cases of a specific disorder

Sex ratio

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Pattern of the disorder

Course

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Lasts a long time, sometimes a lifetime

Chronic

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Recover within a few months and suffer again at a later time

Episodic

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Recover without treatment for a short period of time

Time-limited

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Beginning and speed of the development od disorder

Onset

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Sudden occurrence

Acute

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Gradual development

Insidious

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Anticipated course of the disorder

Prognosis

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Individual might recover

Good

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Outcome appears to be poor

Guarded

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Study of why the disorder begins and includes the biopsychosocial formulation

Etiology

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Evil being can dwrll in and control of a persons mind and body

Demonology

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Suggest that the disease of melancholy (depression) was the source of some bizarre behavior rather than demons

Nicholas oresme

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Large-scale outbreaks of bizarre behavior (St. vitus dance, tarantism)

Mass hysteria

An experience of an emotion that seem to spread to people ## Footnote ex: in a classroom if a teacher displays genuine excitement about a topic, that energy can spread to the students

Emotion contagion

Shared responses that occurs when people believed their reactions have the same source ## Footnote ex: during a protest that turns violent, individuals who wouldn't normally act aggressively might start thowing objects or vandalizing property because they are influenced by the crowds collective anger and energy

Mob psychology

Suggested that the movements of moon and the stars affect one's psychological functioning

Paracelsus

Beginning in the 13th century ____ were held to determine a persons mental health

Lunacy trials

He and his associates suggested that psychological disorders can be treated like any other diseases

Hippocrates

Extended the works or Hippocrates and his associates

Galen

Psychological functioning is based on the four bodily fluids or humors and imbalance of the humors causes psychological disorders

Humoral theory of disorders

Blood, characterized by cheerfulness and optimism; preponderance leads to changeable temperament

Sanguine

Black bile; preponderance equates to depressive symptoms

Melancholic

Characterized by apathy, and calmness and preponderance leads to sluggishness and dullness

Phlegmatic

Yellow bile; characterized by hot headedness and preponderance leads to irritability and anxiousness

Choleric

Includes adjusting the environment (heat, dryness, moisture and cold) bleeding, and inducing vomit

Humoral theory

___ Coined the term Hysteria (which is now known as ____) to describe a concept from egyptians

Hippocrates Somatic symptom disorders

They assumed hysteria occurs due to the ____

Wandering uterus

In china and other asians countries, the “____” circulating throughout the body is associated with mental disorders

Wind

CHINA AND ASIAN COUNTRIES mental disorders are caused by blockage of ___ or presence of ___ ___ is their treatment

Wind Yin Acupuncture

A sexually transmitted disease that can induce psychotic symptoms

Syphilis

Patients with syphilis who deteriorated steadily, became paralyzed and died within 5 years of onset are diagnosed with ___

General paresis

Facilitated the discovery of the cause of syphilis

Louis pasteur germ theory

An american psychiatrist suggested that the cause of insanity is always physical

John P. Grey

People discover that the cure for general is by contracting ___

Malaria

___Used higher doses of insulin patients convulsed and they recovered their mental health. This is known as ____

Manfred sakel Insulin shock therapy

Discovered the effect of electric shock to the head

Benjamin franklin

Observed that the schizophrenia is rare in patients with epilepsy. His followers concluded brain seizures might cure schizophrenia

Joseph Von meduna

Used as sedative

Opium

____ (reserpine) and ___ are used for hallucinations and delusions aswell as agitation and aggresiveness

Rauwolfia serpentine Neuroleptics

Used for anxiety

Benzodiazepiness

Advocate the major ideas for biological tradition but he largely contributed to the area of diagnosis and classification

Emil kraepelin

Suggested that SOCIAL and CULTURAL influences as well as reasoning affect maladaptive behavior

Plato

Argued that SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT and early learning contribute to later psychopathology

Aristotle

It housed six men with mental illness in 1403 and was further accommodated patients in 1547

Priory of St. Mary of Bethlehem

It became popular with the name ___ and became london’s tourist attraction by the 18th century

Bedlam

Patients were confined in the spaces between inner square rooms and the outer walls, where they could be viewed by passerby

Lunatics tower

Emerged during the first half of the 19th century

Moral therapy

It is about treating patients as normally as possible in a setting that promotes normal social interaction

Moral therapy

___ and ___ introduced the moral therapy

Philippe pinel Jean- baptiste pussin

Brought moral therapy to england

William tuke

William tuke established the ___ a pleasant country house where patients with mental illness lived, worked, and rested in a kindly, religious atmosphere

York Retreat

Founder of american psychiatry; introduced moral therapy to the united states

Benjamin Rush

Benjamin rush invented the ___ which was used to temporarily restrain and treat violent patients by strapping them down

Tranquilizing chair

Began the mental hygiene movement

Dorothea dix

___ Suggested that the mental disorders have something to do with an undetectable fluid called ___

Franz anton mesmer Animal magnetism

Father of hypnosis

Franz anton mesmer

Prove that some techniques of mesmerism are effectively cured various psychological disorders

Jean- martin charcot

Applied a different use for hypnosis as to discover underlying conflict of his patients

Josef Breuer

Together with Breuer, discovered the unconscious mind and catharsis

Sigmund freud

Suggested that abnormal behavior develops when the ego fails in adaptation, reality testing and defenses

Anna freud

Suggested that the FORMATION of SELF CONCEPT and crucial attributes of the self affect the development of abnormality

Heinz kohut

Psychological conflict arises when varying positions of objects have been incorporated

Object relations

___ and ___ believe that removing barriers to internal and external growth results to the improvement of a person

Carl jung Alfred adller

Freud devise the ___, ____ and. ____

Free association Dream analysis Transference

____ is more used in the modern time rather than classical psychoanalysis

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

The emergence of ____ stemmed from jung and adler

Humanistic psychology

____ refers to the concept that we can achieve our best potential if we have the freedom to grow

Self-actualizing

The ___ provided a more systematic and scientific approach to psychopathology

Behavior model

Introduced the concept of classical conditioning

Ivan pavlov

Founded the behaviorism

John B. Watson

The first to diminish phobia through behaviorism

Mary cover jones

Introduced SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION

Joseph wolphe

Created the behavior therapy (2)

Hans Eysenck Stanley Rachman

Formulated the operant conditioning

Burrhus Frederick skinner

Suggested that psychopathology could be best understood through the lenses of biology, psychology and sociology

Adolf Meyer

LESSON 1 Flashcards

(87 cards)