LESSON 5 BIPOLAR

Question 1

Group of mental disorders which involves alterations of extreme mood – From the peak of euphoria to the depths of despair

Answer 1

Bipolar disorder

Question 2

The hallmark is the unusual shifting of mood of an individual

Answer 2

Bipolar disorder

Question 3

Manifestation of bipolar disorder (there are periods na nag manifest ang symptoms and meron wala)

Answer 3

Episodic

Question 4

Bipolar disorder is under the category of

Answer 4

Mood disorder

Question 5

___ and ___ are in one continuum (symptoms can be hand in hand)

Answer 5

Bipolar disorder
Depressive disorder

Question 6

___ is in between schizophrenia and depressive disorder

Answer 6

bipolar disorder

Question 7

__ and __ have the same genetic predisposition (if one has __then you are predisposed to have __)

Answer 7

bipolar
schizophrenia
schizophrenia
bipolar

Question 8

Normal mood swings differ from bipolar disorder as causes can be identified (low score on exam, shift your mood, from happy to sad) while bipolar reason cannot be known

Question 9

AT LEAST 1 WEEEK
(may experience irritably mood or energetic, sense of superiority)
- symptoms persist within the day

Answer 9

manic episode

Question 10

Associated with AT LEAST 3 of the following if the prominent mood is Irritable the minimum should be 4

1. Inflated SELF-ESTEEM or GRANDIOSITY (ex: sasali ng Quiz bee kahit dinaman magaling sa math, unrealistic ang confidense)
2. DECREASED NEED FOR SLEEP (hindi inaantok)
3. MORE TALKATIVE than usual or pressure to keep talking (wala ng concerned sa ibang tao or nakaka bothered na, wala ng pakialam)
4. FLIGHT OF IDEAS or RACING THOUGHTS (Thoughts are faster inside mind, hindi ma verbalize ang mga thoughts and lead to incomprehensible)
5. DISTRACTABILITY (mabilis ma divert ang attention)
6. Increase in GOAL DIRECTED activity or psychomotor agitation (di mapakali, gagawin kahit hindi trabaho, lulutuin lahat ng pagkain na makita, maglilinis kahit malinis)
7. Execessive involvement in RISKY ACTIVITIES (Ex: mag open ng business kahit wala namang knowledge or engage unprotected sexual activities, shopping spree)

Answer 10

Manic episode

Question 11

ang mood disturbance affect everyday living and may cause HOSPITALIZATION

Answer 11

Manic episode

Question 12

kapag ang isang tao ay na hospitalize ang isang taong may manic episode kahit hindi na meet ang 1 week threshold or di nameet ang tatlong symptoms automatic na meet ang manic episode basta na hospitalize

Question 13

• Manic episode can have ____ that may lead to hospitalization
• _____episode walang psychotic feature

• manic episode should not be explain by subtance or any other medical condition

Answer 13

Psychotic feature
Hypomanic

Question 14

AT LEAST 2 WEEKS

• Affect everyday living and cannot be explain by any other medical condition

Answer 14

Major depressive episode

Question 15

5 of the following ang dapat ma meet kung saan ang isa ay dapat (1) DEPRESSED MOOD or (2) ANHENDONIA

1. Depressed mood (sadness )
2. Anhendonia (walang nararamdaman na pleasure or fulfillment sa mga activity or hobbies)
3. Significant weight loss/gain or loss of apetite (kahit hindi naman nag d-diet)
4. Insomia/ hypersomia nearly everyday
5. Psychomotor agitation (di mapakali) or retardation (mabagal ang kilos)
6. Fatigue (kahit walang ginagawa, pakiramdam mo pagod ka)
7. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt (parang lahat is kasalanan mo)
8. Diminished to think or concentrate
9. Suicidal ideation/attempt

Answer 15

Major depressive disoder

Question 16

Same in manic episode but the minimum duration is 4 CONSECUTIVE DAYS

• symptoms are NOT SEVERE ENOUGH to cause an impairement and not SEVERE ENOUGHT TO GET HOSPITALIZED

Answer 16

Hypomanic episode

Question 17

If there is symptoms in four consecutive days but has psychotic feature it is?

Answer 17

Manic episode

Question 18

Presence of atleast 1 MANIC EPISODE (even history) pero pwede din magkaroon ng hypomanic or depressive

• Hindi dapat overlapping with schizoaffective

Answer 18

Bipolar 1

Question 19

“ Kapag SCHIZOAFFECTIVE kapag nawala yung mood episode mananatili yung psychotic symptoms however kapag BIPOLAR DISORDER kapag nawala ang mood episode mawawala narin ang psychotic feature “

• Kapag nagkaroon ka ng feeling na ok lang na hindi matulog doon nagsisimula ang manic episode

• During manic episode hindi mapapansin ng tao na there is a problem (because they are energetic)

Answer 19

Bipolar 1

Question 20

may need for HOSPITALIZATION and psychotic feature among other bipolar stage

Answer 20

Bipolar 1

Question 21

In manic episode nagiging risk taker ang mga tao and later turn into negative emotional state and end with major depressive episode (ex: gambling , extreme gambling leads to loss of family or friends and later turn into sadness (negative) which became a major depressive episode)

Question 22

• Average onset is 20-30 years old

• Suicide risk is 20-30 times higher compared to general population

• Suicide attempt is much common in women (di completely namatay) kapag completed suicide common in men
• Women much experience depressive symptoms

Answer 22

Bipolar 1

Question 23

• Genetically 5% -10% is the risk of having __ if there is a history in your family

• Highly correlated to Cannabis or Marijuana that can worsen the symptoms

• Negative experience can trigger relapse

Answer 23

Bipolar 1

Question 24

• MANIC EPISODE relapse is linked to goal attainment life events (ex: promotion, nagpakasal)

• Common in BIPOLAR DISORDER is single or not married

• Creativity and leadership are associated with manic episode (malaki chance na maka develop)

Answer 24

Under bipolar 1

Question 25

presence of atleast 1 HYPOMANIC EPISODE and atleast 1 MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE • Kapag isa lang ang na-meet (Ex: 1 hypomanic hindi pwedeng tawaging ___ • Never dapat ma-meet ang MANIC EPISODE

Answer 25

Bipolar 2

Question 26

Kapag na meet ang dalawa (1 hypomanic and 1 major depressive) but na meet ang manic episode hindi na pwedeng i-diagnose na may Bipolar 2 ka, bipolar 1 lang )

Question 27

• Maaring mag cause ng impairement • BIPOLAR 2 is mas matagal ang suffering sa depressive episodes, that is why it is not a milder form of Bipolar 1 - mas common sa bipolar 2 ang seasonal variation in mood (Ex: Kapag tag ulan- depressive episode, kapag tag init- Hypomanic episode)

Answer 27

Bipolar 2

Question 28

• Average onset is MID-20s (kapag mas tumatanda mas bumababa ang mood episodes) - More common in women • Common risk factor is IMPULSIVITY contributed to suicide attempts

Answer 28

Bipolar 2

Question 29

Heightened levels of creativity is caused why bipolar disorder doesn’t realize that they need to seek treatment (nakikita nila itong positive rather than negative) • MAS NAKAMAMATAY ang modalities - Genetically - MOTHERs - kapag bagong panganak highly vulnerable sa Hypomanic episode

Answer 29

Bipolar 2

Question 30

presence of HYPOMANIC and DEPRESSIVE SYMTOPMS for atleast 2 YEARS (1 year for children and adolescence) • Presence lang either 1 never ma meet ang tatlo

Answer 30

Cylclothymic disorder

Question 31

DO NOT meet the criteria for manic, hypomanic, and major depressive symtomps • Symtomps ay dapat present for atleast HALF THE TIME sa total duration dapat wala sa 2 months na walang symptoms, kung magkakaroon ng pahinga dapat less than 2 months

Answer 31

Cyclothymic disorder

Question 32

It is a MILDER but MORE CHRONIC (pang matagalan) version of bipolar disorder - Kapag may relative with BIPOLAR 1 Malaking chance na magkaroon nito - Equally in men and women - Onset is BEFORE 10 years old - 15%-50% kapag may__ disorder you will develop Bipolar 1 or Bipolar 2 disorder

Answer 32

Cyclothymic disorder

Question 33

Atleast 1 MANIC EPISODE (followed by hypomanic and depressive episode) mas maraming na experience na hypomanic episode/mood episode sa bipolar 1 (kahit sobrang tagal na ng experience ng manic episode) (Psychotice feature can be seen) (HOSPITALIZATION)

Answer 33

Bipolar 1

Question 34

HYPOMANIC and DEPRESSIVE EPISODE (no manic episode) (ang PSYCHOTIC FEATURE ay dapat cause by depressive disorder

Answer 34

Bipolar 2

Question 35

Presence of HYPOMANIC and DEPRESSIVE SYMTOPMS not fulfill criteria for MDE, MANIC, and HYPOMANIC (mas matagal, CHRONIC

Answer 35

Cyclothymic disorder

Question 36

___ gold standard for treatment of BIPOLAR DISODER (kayang mag prevent ng suicidal ideations) — MAS LAMANG • VALPORATE is second option (less ang risk)

Answer 36

Lithium carbonate

Question 37

mas effective kapag yung isang tao is diagnosed with bipolar disorder and have specifier of RAPID CYCLING

Answer 37

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 38

naiibang specifier sa bipolar disorder at major depressive disoder

Answer 38

Rapid cycling

Question 39

within a YEAR may 4 na MOOD EPISODES (ex: 2024, 4 mood episodes) • Mas common sa female • Mas mahirap i-treat (sever variation ng bipolar disorder) • May ibat ibang pattern

Answer 39

Rapid cycling

Question 40

• direct ang transition, from having manic episode to depressive symptoms) - Walang pahinga, tuloy tuloy

Answer 40

Rapid switching

Question 41

ang interval between moods ay DAYS to WEEKS (Ex: may mood episode ngayon after 4 days meron uli)

Answer 41

Ultra rapid cycling

Question 42

ang interval lang ay 1 araw/ 24 hours in between episodes • Kapag gabi doon nag switch papuntang depresive episode, kapag MANIC or HYPOMANIC nangyayari naman during day time

Answer 42

Ultra ultra rapid cycling

Question 43

• low level of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine are linked to bipolar disorder • Poor sleep quality is linked to negative Mood

Answer 43

Rapid cycling

Question 44

- “POSITIVE” Stress is linked to manic and hypomanic episodes (life experiences, ex: nag asawa or na promote )

Question 45

Si Juan ay 25 taong gulang. Noong nakalipas na dalawang taon, napansin ng kanyang pamilya at mga kaibigan ang mabibigat na mood fluctuations. Napapansin ni Juan na may mga araw siya na tila sobrang energetic. Lumalabas siya nang maaga, kulang na sa tulog ngunit puno pa rin ng ideya at drive—mga bagay gaya ng pagiging sobrang creative sa kanyang trabaho o pagbuo ng mga bagong proyekto. Sa ganitong panahon, madalas niyang sabihin, “Pakiramdam ko kaya kong gawin ang lahat!” ngunit hindi naman umaabot sa punto na nagiging disruptive o nakakagambala sa kanyang normal na gawain.Mayroon din namang mga araw kung saan si Juan ay tila medyo nawawalan ng gana. Hindi na niya ginagawa ang dati niyang mga hilig, at naging tahimik at withdrawn siya. Hindi rin ito kasing atrabaho ng major depressive episode; mas mild lang, ngunit naroon pa rin ang pagbaba ng mood at energy.

Answer 45

cyclothymic disorder

Question 46

Si Marco, 29, ay nakakaranas ng biglaang shift ng mood. Isang linggo, naging sobrang energetic siya—di halos natutulog, impulsive sa paggastos, at gumawa ng mga delusional na plano tulad ng pagiging CEO. Pagkalipas ng linggo, biglang nagbago ang lahat; naging labis siyang nalungkot, withdrawn, at hindi makapag-function ng maayos sa trabaho at social life.

Answer 46

bipolar 1

Question 47

Si Ana, 26 na taon, ay nakakaranas ng alternating mood episodes. Sa apat na araw, nagiging extra-energetic, creative, at outgoing siya—kung saan mabilis ang kanyang pagsasalita, may boosted self-esteem, at mas produktibo sa trabaho. Gayunpaman, hindi nito naaapektuhan nang labis ang kanyang pang-araw-araw na functionality Pagkalipas ng apat na araw, makakaranas naman siya ng matinding pagtatalo sa sarili, kawalan ng gana, at malalim na kalungkutan sa loob ng dalawang linggo

Answer 47

bipolar 2

Question 48

Si Liza, 34 na taong gulang, ay nakakaranas ng madalas na mood swings sa loob ng isang taon. Sa isang buwan,napaka-energetic, impulsive sa paggastos, at sobra ang pagiging social. Sa sumunod na linggo, biglang bumababa ang kanyang mood, nagiging withdrawn, at mataas ang pakiramdam ng kalungkutan.

Answer 48

rapid cycling

Question 49

Si Mark, 32, ay may bipolar disorder. Sa loob lamang ng isang araw, napapansin ng pamilya na nagbabago-bago ang kanyang mood nang ilang beses—mula sa pagiging sobrang energetic at punong-puno ng ideya sa umaga, pagkatapos ay mabilis na lumilipat sa matinding pagod at withdrawal sa kalagitnaan ng araw, at muling umangat sa hapon. Dahil sa napakabilis ng kanyang mood swings (mga pagbabago na nangyayari sa loob ng ilang oras), nahihirapan siyang mag-focus sa trabaho at magkaroon ng stable na interpersonal relationships

Answer 49

ultra rapid cycling

Question 50

Si Karen, 30, ay may bipolar disorder at napapansin ng pamilya na halos araw-araw, o kahit ilang beses sa isang araw, ay nagbabago-bago ang kanyang mood. Sa isang umaga, nasa hypomanic phase siya—sobrang energetic, maraming ideya, at mabilis magsalita. Pagdating ng kalagitnaan ng araw, bigla siyang nadarama ng matinding pagkapagod at lungkot, tapos sa hapon, muli ang mabilisang pagtaas ng energy at excitement, at pagkatapos ng ilang oras, bumabalik muli siya sa low mood.

Answer 50

ultra ultra rapid cycling

Question 51

Si Mia, 28, ay biglang naging sobrang energetic at creative sa loob ng apat na magkakasunod na araw. Napansin ng kanyang mga kaibigan na tila mabilis magsalita, maraming naiisip na bagong ideya, at kakaunti ang oras na natutulog ngunit tila hindi siya napapagod. Gayunpaman, nanatili siyang functional sa trabaho at sa pang-araw-araw na gawain,

Answer 51

hypomanic episode

Question 52

Si Marco, 32, ay biglang naging sobrang energetic sa loob ng dalawang linggo. Hindi na siya nakakatulog ng tama at parang di na kailangan ang pahinga. Napansin ng mga kaibigan na mabilis tumakbo ang isip niya—maraming bagong ideya, napipili niyang gumawa ng impulsive purchases (tulad ng pagbili ng bagong sasakyan nang walang sapat na budget), at sobra ang kumpiyansa kahit sa mga bagay na hindi naman realistic. Dahil dito, naapektuhan na ang kanyang trabaho at relasyon, kaya't kinailangan na siyang suriin ng mga doktor

Answer 52

manic episode

Question 53

Si Carmen, 32, ay may kasaysayan ng mood fluctuations kung saan madalas siyang nadarama ang matinding depresyon, ngunit hindi naman ito ang buong kuwento. Sa ilang panahon, habang nararanasan niya ang mga depressive symptoms—tulad ng kawalan ng gana at malalim na kalungkutan—napapansin din na nakakarinig siya ng mga tinig na nagbibigay ng negatibong komentaryo tungkol sa kanya. Hindi lamang 'yon; kahit sa mga araw na hindi gaanong depressed, patuloy pa rin ang paglitaw ng delusional na paniniwala niya na may mga taong nagbabantay sa kanya.

Answer 53

schizoaffective

Question 54

Si Jamie, 27-anyos, ay isang graphic designer na madalas na nakakaranas ng mood fluctuations sa loob ng 2 years. May mga araw na punong-puno siya ng ideya, pakiramdam niya sobrang energized at productive—halos walang humpay ang kanyang creativity at social interactions. Ngunit ilang araw lang naman, pansamantalang naaapektuhan siya ng kakaibang lungkot at pagiging irritable; nawawalan siya ng gana sa mga simpleng gawain at minsan ay nahihirapan sa pag-concentrate. napapansin ng kanyang pamilya at kasamahan na tila parang ‘roller coaster’ ang kanyang emosyon. Dahil dito, nagkaroon ng assessment mula sa isang psychiatrist na nagbigay ng diagnosis na maaaring siya ay may?

Answer 54

cyclothymic disorder