Lesson 11: Learning to be a Better Student

Question 1

what are the 3 form of environment

Answer 1

1. physical
2. social
3. cultural

Question 2

which affects all areas of our health and safety conditions.

Answer 2

physical environment

Question 3

includes our family and other people we come into contact with daily

Answer 3

social environment

Question 4

includes the language used during family interaction, the food we eat, the customs and traditions of the place we come from, or the religious group we belong.

Answer 4

cultural environment

Question 5

Is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that is brought about by experience

Answer 5

learning

Question 6

Cacioppo & Freberg presented the three main types of learning, namely:

Answer 6

-associative
-non-associative
-observation

Question 7

occurs when we make a connection or an association between two events

Answer 7

associative learning

Question 8

process of learning the associations

Answer 8

conditioning

Question 9

what are the 2 forms of associative learning

Answer 9

• classical conditioning
  -operant conditioning

Question 10

who is the proponent of classical conditioning

Answer 10

Ivan Pavlov

Question 11

It is forming associations between pairs of stimuli that occur sequentially in time.

Answer 11

classical conditioning

Question 12

refers to something that must be learned

Answer 12

conditioned

Question 13

refers to factors that are reflexive or that occur without any learning.

Answer 13

unconditioned

Question 14

refers to an environmental event whose significance is learned

Answer 14

conditioned stimulus (CS)

Question 15

has innate, built-in meaning to the organism

Answer 15

unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Question 16

are learned reactions

Answer 16

conditioned responses (CRs)

Question 17

don’t need to be learned; they appear without prior experience with a stimulus.

Answer 17

unconditioned responses

Question 18

It is forming associations between behaviors and their
consequences. Increasing behaviors that is
followed with rewards.

Answer 18

operant conditioning

Question 19

is a process by which a stimulus increases the probability of a preceding behavior to be repeated

Answer 19

reinforcement

Question 20

is any stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will occur again.

Answer 20

reinforcer

Question 21

refers to a stimulus that decreases the probability that a prior behavior will occur again.

Answer 21

punishment

Question 22

A stimulus added to the environment that brings about an increase in a preceding response.

Answer 22

positive reinforcer

Question 23

Refers to an unpleasant stimulus whose removal leads to an increase in the probability that a preceding response will be repeated in the future.

Answer 23

negative reinforcer

Question 24

Weakens a response through the application of unpleasant stimulus.

Answer 24

positive punishment

Question 25

It consists of the removal of something pleasant.

Answer 25

negative punishment

Question 26

Involves changes in the magnitude of responses to a single stimulus rather than the formation of connections between stimuli

Answer 26

non-associative learning

Question 27

2 types of non-associative learning

Answer 27

- habituation -sensitization

Question 28

Reduces our reactions to repeated experiences that have already been evaluated and found to be unchanging and harmless.

Answer 28

habituation

Question 29

Increases our reactions to a wide range of stimuli following exposure to one strong stimulus.

Answer 29

sensitization

Question 30

Is also called imitation or modeling

Answer 30

observational learning

Question 31

It is a learning that occurs when a person observes and imitates behavior.

Answer 31

observational learning

Question 32

4 main processes of observational learning

Answer 32

- attention - retention - motor reproduction - reinforcement

Question 33

is needed to reproduce the model’s actions

Answer 33

attention

Question 34

To attend to what the model is saying or doing.

Answer 34

attention

Question 35

Is done by encoding the information and keeping it in memory so that you can retrieve it.

Answer 35

retention

Question 36

It is the process of imitating the model’s actions.

Answer 36

motor reproduction

Question 37

It is observing whether the model’s behavior is followed by a consequence.

Answer 37

reinforcement

Question 38

Is commonly defined as “thinking about thinking” or awareness and understanding of one’s thinking and cognitive processes

Answer 38

metacognition

Question 39

It helps individual better manage cognitive skills which lead to identification on one's weaknesses which can be corrected thus constructing new cognitive skills

Answer 39

metacognition

Question 40

uses of metacognition

Answer 40

● Helps students plan, monitor, and modify their mathematical problem-solving ● helps promotes autonomy and resiliency

Question 41

what are the metacognitive strategies

Answer 41

1. self-instruction 2. self-monitoring

Question 42

talking one's self through a task or activity

Answer 42

self-instruction

Question 43

checking one's performance; often involves a checklist

Answer 43

self-monitoring

Question 44

why set goals?

Answer 44

The first step of successful goal achievement is goal setting.

Question 45

The theory explains that people can have different mindsets towards different aspects of their lives, like intelligence and learning.

Answer 45

mindset theory (carol dweck)

Question 46

what are the types of mindset

Answer 46

- fixed mindset -growth mindset

Question 47

Those who attribute their successes on innate ability

Answer 47

fixed mindset

Question 48

Majority of people who are """" do not set another goal after a setback because they are easily discouraged. They also see feedback as criticisms rather than an opportunity for self-growth, and they easily give up.

Answer 48

fixed mindset

Question 49

Those who attribute their accomplishments on learning, effort, training, and practice

Answer 49

growth mindset

Question 50

Majority of individuals who possess a growth mindset strive harder despite of challenges, and see feedback constructively to better improve next time

Answer 50

growth mindset

Question 51

is essentially linked to task performance.

Answer 51

goal setting theory (edwin locke)

Question 52

Specific and challenging goals along with appropriate feedback contribute to higher and better task performance.

Answer 52

goal setting theory (edwin locke)

Question 53

what are the 5 effective goal setting principle

Answer 53

1. clarity 2. challenge 3. commitment 4. feedback 5. task complexity

Question 54

a clear, measurable goal is more achievable than one that is poorly defined. When the goal is clear, you will know what you are trying to achieve

Answer 54

clarity

Question 55

The more challenging the goals are, the more people become motivated. However, it is important to consider a careful balance to ensure the right degree of challenge.

Answer 55

challenge

Question 56

This means putting deliberate effort into attaining the goal you set

Answer 56

commitment

Question 57

Other than setting a goal, it is also good to listen to feedback on how you are progressing towards the attainment of your goal

Answer 57

feedback

Question 58

The more you set challenging goals, the more complex the process will become. If the goal becomes complex, it is helpful to break down larger tasks into smaller, more attainable steps, so as not to become overwhelmed as you go along the way.

Answer 58

task complexity

Question 59

meaning of S.M.A.R.T

Answer 59

s- specific m- measurable a- achievable r- relevant t- time-bound

Question 60

I have to increase my scores during examination to increase my overall average to qualify for an academic scholarship.

Answer 60

specific

Question 61

My scores during minor and major examinations have to reach 95% of the total score per exam.

Answer 61

measurable

Question 62

I will ask my classmates who do well in Chemistry and Physics to teach me on the topics that I don’t clearly understand.

Answer 62

achievable

Question 63

I will reduce the financial requirements every semester. Better grades will also open more opportunities for me.

Answer 63

relevant

Question 64

I have four days to prepare for the quiz in Chemistry and five days to prepare for Physics; four weeks to prepare for the midterm so I have plenty of time to do personal study, and meet my classmates and teachers to help me with my weak points in these courses.

Answer 64

time-bound

Question 65

goal setting tips:

Answer 65

- write down your goals - stick with your goals

Question 66

In this way, it will be easier to keep track how far or near are you in reaching it. In writing your goals, use “I will” and frame your goal statement positively.

Answer 66

goal setting tip: write down your goals

Question 67

Whatever challenges you may face on the process of achieving your goal, you need to be convinced that with hard work and commitment, everything will be possible.

Answer 67

goal setting tip: stick with your goal