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COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 2 > Lesson 15 COMMUNICABLE DISEASES PART 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 15 COMMUNICABLE DISEASES PART 1 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

Caused by an infectious agent or its toxic product that is transmitted directly or indirectly to a person, animal or intermediary host or inanimate environment.

A

communicable diseases

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2
Q

It could be either be a contagious or an infectious disease.

A

communicable diseases

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3
Q

It is transmitted by direct physical contact.

A

contagion

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4
Q

It is transmitted indirectly through contaminated food, body fluids, objects, airborne inhalation or through vector organisms that would break a inoculation in the skin or mucous membranes of individuals.

A

infectious disease

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5
Q

When an organism damagesor alters the host’s physiology.

A

infectious disease

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6
Q

ALL CONTAGIOUS diseases are INFECTIOUS, NOT ALL INFECTIOUS diseases are CONTAGIOUS. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

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7
Q

What are the TOP 10 CAUSES OF MORBIDITY in the Ph DOH 2010?

(AhAngBaHoAngIyongUTAI)

A

acute respiratory infection
acute lower respiratory tract infection
bronchitis
hypertension
acute watery diarrhea
influenza
urinary tract infection
tuberculosis
accidents
injuries

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8
Q

Epidemiologic Triangle Method

A

Agent-Host-Environment

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9
Q

Organism that involved the development of disease.

A

agent

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10
Q

What are the 7 AGENTS for an infection to occur?

(BaViRingaFungProHeAr)

A

bacteria (tb, pneumonia)
viruses (influenza, covid-19)
rickettsia (rocky mountain spotted fever)
fungi (ringworm)
protozoa (malaria)
helminths (ascariasis)
arthrpods (scabies)

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11
Q

Agents must be present at all times and capable of infecting a host. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

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12
Q

An organism that harbor and provides nutrition for the agent.

A

host

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13
Q

What are the factors that influencing the ability of the host to fight the agent causing infection?

A

age
gender
socio-economic status
ethnicity
nutritional and immune status
genetic make-up
hygiene
behavior

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14
Q

Conditions in which the agent may exist, survive, or originate.

A

environment

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15
Q

Environment’s components are: PBS

A

physical
biological
socio-economic

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16
Q

temperature, weather, soil, water and food sources

A

physical

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17
Q

animal, insects, flora, and human beings

A

biological

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18
Q

behavior, personality, attitudes, cultural, occupation and urbanization

A

socioeconomic

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19
Q

Enumerate the CHAIN OF INFECTION in order.

A

causative agent
reservoir
portal of exit
modes of transmission
portal of entry
susceptible host

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20
Q

Is any organism that is capable of producing a disease.

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A

causative agent

21
Q

Is the habitat in which agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies.

22
Q

Diseases that are transmitted from person to person without intermediaries that includes sexually transmitted diseases, measles, mumps, streptococcal infection, and many respiratory pathogens.

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A

human reserviors

23
Q

Human reservoirs may or may not show the effects of illness. TRUE OR FALSE

24
Q

A person with INAPPARENT INFECTION who is capable of transmitting the pathogen to others.

25
who NEVER EXPERIENCE SYMPTOMS despite being infected
asymptomatic passive healthy carriers
26
who CAN TRANSMIT THE AGENT DURING INCUBATION PERIOD before clinical illness begins
incubatory carriers
27
who have RECOVERED FROM THEIR ILLNESS BUT REMAIN CAPABLE of transmitting to others
convalescent carrier
28
who CONTINUE TO HARBOR PATHOGEN such as hepaB virus or salmonella typhi for months or even years after their initial infection
chronic carrier
29
Ocasionally sheds pathogenic carrier.
intermittent carrier
30
who are AWARE OF THEIR ILLNESS
symptomatic carriers
31
Humans are also subject to diseases that have animal reservoirs. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
32
Many of these are transmitted from animal to animal with humans as incidental hosts.
animal reservoirs
33
It refers to an infectious disease that is transmissible under natural conditionsfrom vertebrae animals to humans.
zoonosis
34
What are the 6 ZOOOTIC DISEASES? (BAP2TR)
brucellosis (cows, pigs) anthrax (sheep) plague (rodents) trichinellids/trichinosis (swine) tularemia (rabbits) rabies (bats, raccoons, dogs, and other mammals)
35
Lives and multiplies in the SOIL.
histoplasmosis
36
Are often traced to WATER supplies in cooling towers and evaporative condensers. CA: Legionella pneumophila
Legionnaires disease
37
Is the path by which a pathogen leaves its host.
portal of exit
38
It is usually corresponds to the site where the pathogen is localized.
portal of exit
39
Pathogens and its portal of exit. 1. influenza viruses and mycobacterium TB: ________ 2. schistosomes: _______ 3. cholera vibrio: _______ 4. sarcoptes scabie: _____ 5. enterovirus (hemorrhagic conjunctivitis): _____ 6. rubella, syphilis, toxoplasmosis: ______ 7. hepatitis b: _____ 8. arthropods (malaria): _____
1. respiratory tract 2. urine 3. feces 4. skin lesions 5. conjunctival secretions 6. placenta 7. cuts or needles 8. blood-sucking
40
It may be transmitted from its natural reservoir to a susceptible host in different ways.
Modes of transmission
41
The easiest link to break in the chain of infection.
modes of transmission
42
2 WAYS in direct contact
direct contact (infectious mononucleosis “kissing disease” and gonorrhea) droplet spread (pertussis and meningococcal infection)
43
3 WAYS in indirect contact
airborne (measles) vehicle borne (botulinum toxin; clostridium botulinum) vector borne (mechanical: flies-shigella, fleas-yersinia pestis; biologic: malaria or guinea worm disease)
44
A way of pathogen enters a susceptible host. This must provide access to tissues in which the pathogen can multiply or a toxin can act.
portal of entry
45
Final link in the chain of infection is a susceptible host.
host
46
The susceptibility of a host depends on ______ that affect an individual ability to resist infection or to limit a pathogenicity.
1. genetic or constitutional factors 2. specific immunity 3. nonspecific factors
47
It refers to protective antibodies that are directed against a specific agent.
specific immunity
48
Defend against infection. Disrupting the host defenses includes malnutrition alcoholism, and disease or therapy that impairs the nonspecific immune response.
nonspecific factors

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