Lesson 2: Inheritance

Question 1

An allele that is masked by a dominant allele (e.g. a in Aa)

Answer 1

Recessive

Question 2

maternally inherited

Answer 2

cytoplasmic inheritance

Question 3

Genetic make up of an organism (e.g. AA, Aa, or aa)

Answer 3

Genotype

Question 4

Father of Modern Genetics

Answer 4

Gregor Mendel

Question 5

mitochondrial traits

Answer 5

cytoplasmic inheritance

Question 6

Genes for different traits assort independently

Answer 6

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 7

Traits are controlled by multiple genes, resulting in CONTINUOUS VARIATION IN TRAITS
(human height, skin color)

Answer 7

polygenic inheritance

Question 8

An allele that masks the effect of another (e.g. A in Aa)

Answer 8

Dominant

Question 9

Alleles separate during gamete formation

Answer 9

Law of Segregation

Question 10

Having two different alleles for a gene (Aa)

Answer 10

Heterozygous

Question 11

Blending of traits
(red + white = pink)

Answer 11

incomplete dominance

Question 12

red + white flower = pink flower

Answer 12

incomplete dominance

Question 13

one gene masks or modifies the expression of another

Answer 13

epistasis

Question 14

Special patterns of Inheritance

Answer 14

1. Incomplete Dominance
2. Codominance
3. (pleiotropy)
4. Polygenic Inheritance

Question 15

A unit of heredity that is transferred from parent to offspring

Answer 15

gene

Question 16

results in gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes

Answer 16

non-disjunction

Question 17

Both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed
(ABO blood group)

Answer 17

codominance

Question 18

Human height

Answer 18

polygenic traits

Question 19

the observable traits of an organism

Answer 19

phenotype

Question 20

Phenotypic ratios of Dihybrid F2 generation

Answer 20

9:3:3:1

Question 21

labrador coat color

Answer 21

epistasis

Question 22

Three laws of Mendelian Genetics

Answer 22

Law of:
1. Dominance
2. Segregation
3. Independent Assortment

Question 23

having two identical alleles for a gene (AA or aa)

Answer 23

Homozygous

Question 24

different forms of a gene (e.g. A or a)

Answer 24

Allele

Question 25

Dominant traits mask recessive in heterozygotes

Answer 25

Law of Dominance

Question 26

Violates independent assortment

Answer 26

gene linkage

Question 27

blood type AB

Answer 27

Codominance

Question 28

down syndrome

Answer 28

non-disjunction

Question 29

Phenotypic ratios of Monohybrid F2 generation

Answer 29

3:1

Question 30

a single gene influences multiple phenotypic traits (a single gene controls multiple traits) (Marfan syndrome)

Answer 30

pleiotropy

Question 31

determines genotype by crossing with a homozygous recessive individual

Answer 31

test cross

Question 32

Drosophila

Answer 32

gene linkage

Question 33

pedigree symbol

Answer 33

Square = male Round = female