Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BACTERIOLOGY LEC > LESSON 2 - MICROBIAL CONTROL > Flashcards

LESSON 2 - MICROBIAL CONTROL Flashcards

(80 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Ignatz Semmelweis

A

Develop microbial control practice for medical procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sterilization

A

Process by which all living microorganisms including viable spores, are either
destroyed or removed from an article, body surface or medium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Disinfection

A

Process that destroys or removes most if not all pathogenic organisms but not
bacterial spores.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antiseptic

A

A chemical substance which oppose sepsis or putrefaction either by killing
microorganism or preventing their growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sterile

A

Free of a living of every kind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

Having the property of inhibiting bacterial growth or multiplication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bactericidal

A

Having the property of killing or destroying bacteria precipitates bacterial protein
(H2SO4, HCl)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Germicide/Disinfec
tant

A

A chemical substance used to kill infection producing microorganism on the
surface but too toxic to be applied directly on tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Septic

A

Characterized by the presence of pathogenic microbes in living tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aseptic

A

Characterized by the absence of pathogenic microbes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Decimal Reduction
Time ( DRT/ D/D)

A

Time in minutes to reduce the bacterial population or spores by 90% at a specified
temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Asepsis

A

Process where the chemical agents (called antiseptics) applied to body surfaces
(skin) will kill or inhibit the pathogenic microorganisms (and also commensals)
present on skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Decontamination
(or sanitization)-

A

Reduction of pathogenic microbial population to a level at which items are
considered as safe to handle without protective attire.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1.Sunlight

A

2.Drying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Method

A

Principle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sunlight

A

Active microbicidal effect due to its content of
ultraviolet rays.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Drying

A

70-80% of the weight of the bacterial cell is
due to water. Drying, therefore has a
deleterious effect on many bacteria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dry heat

A

Kills the organisms by charring, denaturation
of bacterial protein, oxidative damage and
by the toxic effect of elevated levels of electrolytes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Moist heat

A

Kills the microorganisms by denaturation
and coagulation of proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Flaming

A

Items are held in the flame of a Bunsen burner either for
long time or short time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Incineration

A

Used for the disposal of waste materials.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Principle

A

Thickening Through Evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Definition

A

Sterilize high protein-containing media that cannot
withstand high temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Temperature

A

70-80 degree Celsius for 3 consecutive days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Instrument
Inspissator
26
METHODS
TEMPERATURE
27
BOILING WATER (STEAM)
100
28
Autoclave (steam under Pressure)
121.6
29
Pasteurization Batch Method
63
30
Pasteurization Flash Method
72
31
Oven (Dry Heat)
160-180
32
Definition
Direct application of flame in aseptic technique, Flaming with a Bunsen Burner (Flaming mouth of culture tubes or slides),
33
Instrument
Bunsen Burner
34
Principle
The heat is absorbed by the outside surface of the item, then passes towards the center of the
35
MOA
Dry heat does most of the damage by oxidizing molecules. The essential cell constituents are destroyed and the organism dies. The temperature is maintained for almost an hour to kill the most difficult of the resistant spores.
36
Temperature
170°C (340°F) for 30 minutes, 160°C (320°F) for 60 minutes, 150°C (300°F) for 150 minutes or longer depending on the volume.
37
Biological Indicator/ Quality Control
Bacillus subtilis var niger (Bacillus atrophaeus) at 35-37 degree Celsius
38
Berkefield Filter
Diatomaceous Earth
39
Chamberland Filer
Unglazed Porcelain
40
Seitz
Compressed Asbestos
41
Membrane Filters (Swinney)
Millipore 0.22 mm
42
Chemosterilizers
Chemical used to sterilize Antimicrobial Agent- chemicals that kill microorganisms or prevent their growth -cide (Latin CIDA= KILL)- kill organism -static (Greek Statikos- causing to stand or stop)- do not kill but prevents the growth
43
-
Carcinogenicity
44
Principle
The machine introduces steam into the sterilization chamber, which is then exhausted
45
Definition
• Most commonly used for sterilization • Alkylation of nucleic acids in the spore and vegetative cells
46
Recommended Concentration
450-700 mg of ethylene oxide per liter of chamber space at 55-60 degree Celsius for 2 hours
47
Biological Indicator
Bacillus subtilis var globijii
48
Principle
Kills all vegetative organism but not all spores or viruses
49
Definition
• Used in surgical instruments, needles, • hypodermic syringes, rubber stoppers
50
Effective Indication
100 Degree Celsius for 15-30 minutes (20 minutes)
51
MOA
Degree to Cellular DNA by producing Thymine Dimers
52
Definition
Used in surgical instruments, needles, hypodermic syringes, rubber stoppers
53
Radiation
• Ultraviolet rays (10um to 400 um) in which
54
MOA
Partially sterilizing organic solutions by heat without altering their chemical properties
55
Definition
• Used to sterilize milk, dairy products and alcoholic beverages
56
3 Types
1. Low-Temperature Holding (LTH)/ Batch Method
57
I.
ALCOHOL
58
II.
HALOGEN
59
Tincture
iodine solution (2% iodine) + alcohol (70% alcohol) Antiseptics
60
Iodophor
• Combination of iodine and neutral polymer
61
MOA
Oxidative effects of hypochlorous acid, formed when chlorideions are dissolved in water
62
Definition
Hypochlorite- liquid sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) + Sodium calcium hypochlorite Long Exposure required for sporicidal action (not used as sterilant)
63
Others
Concentrated Bleach- Should not be used for disinfection(Corrosive) 0.5-1% Sodium Hypochlorite- used as disinfection, stable for 30 days) 1:10 dilution of 5.25%- Recommended by CDC for cleaning up blood spill
64
MOA
Denatures enzymes and other essential bacterial proteins Inactivating and precipitating cell protein Combines with sulfhydryl groups of cellular proteins - acts as denaturation
65
Definition
Slowly bactericidal; bacteriostatic
66
Examples
Copper, Arsernic, Mercury, Silver, Zinc
67
Uses
Used on Burns
68
Definition
1% AgNO3- used for prophylactic agent in Crede’s Prophylaxis in suspected Ophthlamia neonatorum (caused Neisseria gonorrhoaea) replaced with Erythromycin
69
1% Silver Nitrate
1% Eye Drop Solution Prevent gonoccal (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) conjunctivitis in newbors
70
MOA
Derived by substitution of the four valence ammonium ion with alkyhalides
71
Definition
Molecules of phenol (carbolic acid) that have been chemically substituted, typically by halogen, alkyl, phenyl or benzyl groups Not sporidal Found in germicidal soaps
72
Type
Agent
73
Alcohol (50-70%)
• Ethanol • Isopropanol • Benzyl Alcohol
74
Aldehydes (in solutions)
• Formaldehyde (8%) • Glutaraldehyde (2%)
75
Halogens
• Tincture of iodine (2% in 70% alcohol)
76
Heavy
• Silver Nitrate
77
Metals
(AgNO3)
78
Detergent
• Quaternary Ammonium
79
Phenolics
• Phenols • Carbolic Acid • Lysol • Hexachlorophene
80
Gases
• Ethylene Oxide

BACTERIOLOGY LEC (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions