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Streptococcus Flashcards

1
Q

Gram (+) spherical
cells, arranged in
chains or pairs

Grayish pinpoint
translucent to slightly
opaque colonies

Catalase (-), oxidase (-)

Growth is enhanced by
blood, serum or
glucose incorporated
in agar plate

A

Streptococci

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2
Q

Behave-like facultative
anaerobe, some species
require increased CO2
for growth

Aerotolerant anaerobe
(peptostreptococci –
obligate anaerobe

A

Streptococci

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3
Q

ALL streptococci EXCEPT the viridans group
have a layer of _____________ – serological
classification

Young cultures are characterized by the
presence of capsule

Are commonly found as part of _______________

However, when these organism gain access to
normally sterile sites they can cause life
threatening infection.

A

C carbohydrate
normal human flora.

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4
Q

____________ and ________________
- notorious pathogens

A

S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae

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5
Q

___________, __________, __________, _____________resemble streptococci

A

Aerococcus, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc and Pediococcus

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6
Q

Colony variation

a. ____________
b. ______________
c. ______________

A

a. Mucoid
b. Matte or rough
c. Smooth/glossy

MMS

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7
Q

large amount of CHON

A

Matte or rough

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8
Q

little amount of CHON

A

Smooth/glossy

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9
Q

A. ACADEMIC/BERGEY’S CLASSIFICATION

BASED ON TEMPERATURE
CLASSIFICATION OF STREPTOCOCCI
1.
2.
3.
4.

A
  1. Pyogenic Group
  2. Viridans Group
  3. Enterococcus
  4. Lactic Group

PVEL

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10
Q

Will not grow neither on ____________
Produce _______; mostly __________
Species: _____________

A

Pyogenic Growth

10°C or 45°C
pus ; β-hemolytic
Streptococcus pyogenes

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11
Q

Will grow at _____________
NOT part of the ______________
___________ or _____________
Species: _____________, _____________, ___________, ___________

A

Viridans Group

45°C
lancefield group
Alpha hemolytic OR Non hemolytic
S. salivarius, S. mutans, S. mitis, S.
sanguis

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12
Q

Will grow both at ________________
_________________________
Species: ______________

A

Enterococcus group

10°C and 45°C
Normal flora of human intestine
E. faecalis

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13
Q

Will grow on _________
_________________
Often found in ____________
Species:____________

A

lactic group

10°C
Non hemolytic organism
dairy products
S. lactis

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14
Q
  1. ALPHA-HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI

___________________ of RBC
around colony

____________discoloration
around colony

Species:

_________________–
(green streptococci)

A

Partial/incomplete
hemolysis

Green

S. pneumoniae

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15
Q

B. SMITH AND BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION

BASED ON HEMOLYTIC PATTERN

1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Alpha hemolytic streptococci
  2. Beta hemolytic streptococci
  3. Gamma hemolytic streptococci
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16
Q
  1. BETA-HEMOLYTIC
    STREPTOCOCCI

_________________
of RBCs around the
colony

_____________colony

_____________ discoloration

Species:
_____________, _____________

A

Complete hemolysis

Clear area/zone
around

Yellow

S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae

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17
Q
  1. GAMMA-HEMOLYTIC
    STREPTOCOCCI

_____________________/red
cells immediately
surrounding the
colony are
unaffected (no
change)

Species: ______________

A

NO lysis of RBCs
around colony

E. faecalis

(GROUP D)

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18
Q

C. LANCEFIELD

BASED ON THE ANTIGENIC NATURE OF CELL WALL
CARBOHYDRATES – _______________

A

C-polysaccharide

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19
Q

_____________ to man

Not considered part of the ________________
Acquired thru contaminated droplets by
cough or sneeze

Species: __________________- – “fever producing
bacteria,” flesh eating bacteria (involves
deeper tissues and organs)

A

Group A Streptococci
Not considered part of the normal flora
S. pyogenes

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20
Q

GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI

Principal virulence factor: ________________

Other virulence factor:

________________ – mediates epithelial cell
attachment

________________ – bacterial adherence to the respiratory epithelium

A

M-protein (type
specific; anti-phagocytic)

Protein F
Lipoteichoic acid

21
Q
  • “Oxygen labile”; highly antigenic
  • responsible for subsurface hemolysis on
    BAP
A

A. STREPTOLYSIN O

22
Q

cause lysis of WBC, platelets, tissue cells

23
Q

– detects recent infection w/ S.
pyogenes

24
Q
  • “Oxygen stable”; non antigenic
  • responsible for surface hemolysis on BAP
  • it causes lysis of WBCs
A

B. STREPTOLYSIN S

25
degrading DNA via hydrolysis of its phosphodiester backbone
2. DEOXYRIBONUCLEASES
26
- a protein that binds to plasminogen and activates the production of plasmin
STREPTOKINASE
27
- it allows the bacteria to move from clotted area - it activates a host blood-factor that dissolves fibrin clots
3. STREPTOKINASE
28
to separate the tissue and spread the organism
4. HYALURONIDASE
29
- serotypes A, B, C - exotoxin B (cysteine protease) – degrades proteins
5. PYROGENIC (ERYTHROGENIC) TOXINS
30
STREPTOCOCCI A INFECTIONS AND DISEASES 1. PHARYNGITIS OR TONSILITTIS – “STREP THROAT” 2. SCARLET FEVER (SCARLATINA) 3. SKIN INFECTION PSS
31
Results from a throat infection with a strain of S. pyogenes that carries a lysogenic bacteriophage. Acquired through respiratory droplet Cardinal signs: diffused ________ on the upper chest and spreads to the trunk and extremities and____________________________ Caused by the release of erythrogenic toxin/strep pyrogenic exotoxin
SCARLETT FEVER (SCARLATINA) red rash strawberry colored-tongue
32
2 indications of scarlett fever
Red cheeks and rash Strawberry tongue
33
susceptibility test for scarlet fever - (+) erythema – redness
DICK’S TEST (ERYTHROGENIC TOXIN)
34
- diagnostic test for scarlet fever - used to diagnostic present scarlet fever - (+) “blanching phenomenon” – rash fade
SCHULTZ CHARLTON REACTION
35
- is a diffuse, spreading infection of subcutaneous skin tissue characterized by a defined area of redness (erythema) and accumulation of fluid (edema)
CELLULITIS
36
- is an acute infection and inflammation of the dermal layer of the skin characterized by painful reddish patches that enlarge and thicken with sharply defined edges - may also lead to necrotizing fasciitis and myositis – “galloping gangrene”
ERYSIPELAS
37
- inflammatory disease of the renal glomeruli; results from the deposition of antigen-antibody complexes.
ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS OR BRIGHT’S DISEASE
38
Skin infection streptococci A 1. 2, 3, 4.
1. Cellulitis 2. Erysipelas 3. rheumatoid arthritis 4.Acute glomerulonephritis / bright's disease
39
Streptococci B Diagnostic test 1. 2.
1. BACITRACIN DISK TEST 2.
40
Differentiates S. pyogenes from other β-hemolytic group Result: ______________ Group ______ and _________are also susceptible
BACITRACIN DISK TEST (+) any zone of inhibition Group C and G
41
Positive: _______________ Negative: _________________ (Group __________ and ____________)
Any zone of inhibition No Zone of inhibition A and Group B
42
Specific than Bacitracin test (+) bright/cherry red color (β-napththylamide) upon adding 0.01% cinnamaldehyde reagent (-) no color change Other PYR test positive organisms: Enterococcus, Aerococcus, Gemella
L-pyrrolidonyl-β-napththylamide (PYR) TEST
43
Part of the normal flora of female genital tract and lower GIT Nosocomially transmitted by unwashed hands of mother or healthcare personnel. Infection of fetuses and infants – infection during passage through the colonized birth canal, and premature rupture of mother’s membranes
GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI
44
On culture, it is ________________ hemolysis Species: ________________ Virulence factor: ___________ – signifiant component of the capsule) Enzymes: _____________, _____________, ______________, _____________, ________
GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI grayish white mucoid w/ small zone of beta S. agalactiae capsule (sialic acid hemolysin, CAMP factor, neuraminidase, deoxyribonuclease, hyaluronidase and protease HCNDHP
45
Group B streptocci DISEASES AND INFECTIONS
Pneumonia Neonatal Meningitis Neonatal sepsis Postpartum infection Osteomyelitis UTI endocarditis PNNPOUE
46
To differentiate S. agalactiae from other β-hemolytic streptococci
CAMP TEST
47
It uses β-lysin – producing strain of__________or disk impregnated w/ β lysin Result (+) arrow-head β-hemolysis near S. aureus growth / (+) __________________
CAMP TEST S.aureus bowtie appearance
48
S. agalactiae possesses the enzyme hippuricase Reagent: sodium + ninhydrin Results (+) Purple color after adding Ninhydrin rgt (indicates hippurate hydrolysis) (-) no color change
HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS TEST
49

BACTERIOLOGY LEC (8 decks)

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