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Appendix D: Five pillars in Tri-Literal Roots > Lesson 5 TRI-LITERAL ROOT > Flashcards

Lesson 5 TRI-LITERAL ROOT Flashcards

(105 cards)

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1
Q

Perfect (Past):

غَسَلَ

A

He washed

غسل

Example: غَسَلَ الوَلَدُ يَدَيْهِ.
The boy washed his hands.

gha-sa-la

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2
Q

Imperfect (Present):

يَغْسِلُ

A

يغسل

He washes

Example:
يَغْسِلُ الطِّفْلُ وَجْهَهُ.
The child washes his face.

yagh-si-lu

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3
Q

Verbal Noun (Masdar)

غَسْلٌ

A

غسل

Meaning: Washing

Example:
الغَسْلُ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ سُنَّةٌ.
Washing before prayer is a Sunnah.

ghaslun

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4
Q

Active Participle

غَاسِلٌ

A

غاسل

Meaning: Washer

Example:
الغَاسِلُ يُنَظِّفُ المَلابِسَ.
The washer cleans the clothes

Pronunciation: ghā-si-lun

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5
Q

Passive Participle

مَغْسُولٌ

A

مغسول

magh-sū-lun

Washed

Example:
هَذَا الثَّوْبُ مَغْسُولٌ.
This garment is washed.

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6
Q

Perfect (Past)

قَتَلَ

A

قتل

He killed

قَتَلَ الجُنْدِيُّ العَدُوَّ.
The soldier killed the enemy.

qa-ta-la

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7
Q

Imperfect (Present)

يَقْتُلُ

A

يقتل

He kills

Example:
يَقْتُلُ الأسدُ الفَرِيسَةَ.
The lion kills the prey.

yaq-tu-lu

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8
Q

Verbal Noun (Masdar)

قَتْلٌ

A

Killing

Example:
القَتْلُ جَرِيمَةٌ.
Killing is a crime.

qatlun

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9
Q

▪ Active Participle

قَاتِلٌ

A

قاتل

Killer

Example:
القَاتِلُ فِي السِّجْنِ.
The killer is in prison.

qā-ti-lun

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10
Q

Passive Participle

مَقْتُولٌ

A

مقتول

Killed

maq-tū-lun

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11
Q

Perfect (Past)

عَبَدَ

A

He worshipped

عبد

Example:
عَبَدَ النَّاسُ اللهَ.
The people worshipped Allah. Imperfect (Present)

ʿa-ba-da

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12
Q

Imperfect (Present)

يَعْبُدُ

A

يعبد

He worships

Example:
يَعْبُدُ المُؤْمِنُ اللهَ وَحْدَهُ.
The believer worships Allah alone.

Pronunciation: yaʿ-bu-du

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13
Q

Verbal Noun (Masdar)

عِبَادَةٌ

A

Worship

عبادة

Example:
العِبَادَةُ فَرِيضَةٌ.
Worship is an obligation.

i-bā-da(tun)

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14
Q

Active Participle

عَابِدٌ

A

عابد

Worshipper

Example:
العَابِدُ يُكْثِرُ مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ.
The worshipper frequently makes duʿāʾ.

ʿā-bi-dun

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15
Q

Passive Participle

مَعْبُودٌ

A

معبود

Worshipped (object of worship)

Example:
اللهُ هُوَ المَعْبُودُ الحَقُّ.
Allah is the true one to be worshipped.

maʿ-bū-dun

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16
Q

Perfect (Past)

أَمَرَ

A

أمر

He commanded

Example:
أَمَرَ الأَبُ ابْنَهُ بِالطَّاعَةِ.
The father commanded his son to obey.

ʾa-ma-ra

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17
Q

Imperfect (Present)

يَأْمُرُ

A

يأمر

He commands

Example:
يَأْمُرُ القَائِدُ الجُنُودَ.
The leader commands the soldiers.

yaʾ-mu-ru

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18
Q

Verbal Noun (Masdar)

أَمْرٌ

A

أمر

Command / order

Example:
الأَمْرُ وَاضِحٌ.
The command is clear.

ʾam-run

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19
Q

Active Participle

آمِرٌ

A

آمر

Commander / one who commands

Example:
الآمِرُ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِصَوْتٍ عَالٍ.
The commander speaks in a loud voice.

ā-mi-run

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20
Q

Passive Participle

مَأْمُورٌ

A

مأمور

The one being commanded

Example:
المَأْمُورُ يُطِيعُ الأَوَامِرَ.
The one commanded obeys the orders.

maʾ-mū-run

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21
Q

تَابَ

A

He repented

تاب

Example:
تَابَ العَاصِي إِلَى اللهِ.
The sinner repented to Allah.

tā-ba

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22
Q

Imperfect (Present)

يَتُوبُ

A

يتوب

He repents

Example:
يَتُوبُ المُذْنِبُ عِنْدَ النَّدَمِ.
The sinner repents when feeling remorse.

Pronunciation: ya-tū-bu

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23
Q

Verbal Noun (Masdar)

تَوْبَةٌ

A

توبة

Repentance

Example:
التَّوْبَةُ تُطَهِّرُ القَلْبَ.
Repentance purifies the heart.

taw-ba(tun)

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24
Q

Active Participle

تَائِبٌ

A

تائب

Repenter

Example:
التَّائِبُ يَرْجُو رَحْمَةَ رَبِّهِ.
The one who repents hopes for his Lord’s mercy.

tā-i-bun

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25
# Perfect (Past) فاز
فَازَ He succeeded / won فَازَ الطَّالِبُ بِالجَائِزَةِ. The student won the prize. | fā-za
26
# Imperfect (Present) يفوز
يَفُوزُ Meaning: He wins / succeeds Example: يَفُوزُ المُجْتَهِدُ دَائِمًا. The hardworking person always wins. | Pronunciation: ya-fū-zu
27
# Verbal Noun (Masdar) فوز
فَوْزٌ Success / victory Example: الفَوْزُ بِالآخِرَةِ أَعْظَمُ فَوْزٍ. Success in the Hereafter is the greatest victory. | fawz
28
# Active Participle فائز
فَائِزٌ Winner / successful one Example: الفَائِزُ يَحْمِلُ الكَأْسَ. The winner carries the trophy. | fāʾiz
29
# Perfect (Past) دعا
دَعَا He called / prayed / invited Example: دَعَا الرَّجُلُ أَصْدِقَاءَهُ إِلَى العُرْسِ. The man invited his friends to the wedding. | da-ʿā
30
# Imperfect (Present) يدعو
He calls / invites / prays يَدْعُو Example: يَدْعُو المُسْلِمُ رَبَّهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ. The Muslim prays to his Lord in prayer. | yad-ʿū
31
# Verbal Noun (Masdar) دُعَاءٌ
دعاء Supplication / calling Example: الدُّعَاءُ هُوَ العِبَادَةُ. Supplication is worship. | du-ʿāʾ
32
# Active Participle دَاعٍ (indefinite), الدَّاعِي (definite)
داعٍ Caller / inviter Example: الدَّاعِي إِلَى الحَقِّ مَأْجُورٌ. The one who calls to truth is rewarded. | dāʿin
33
# Passive Participle مدعو
مَدْعُوٌّ One invited / summoned Example: المَدْعُوُّ حَضَرَ الحَفْلَةَ. The invited guest attended the party. | mad-ʿū
34
# Perfect (Past) فني
فَنِيَ He perished / vanished Example: فَنِيَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا وَجْهَهُ. Everything will perish except His Face. | fa-ni-ya
35
# Imperfect (Present) يفنى
يَفْنَى He perishes / vanishes Example: يَفْنَى العَالَمُ وَيَبْقَى اللهُ. The world will perish and Allah will remain. | yaf-nāد
36
# Verbal Noun (Masdar) فَنَاءٌ
فناء Extinction / annihilation Example: الفَنَاءُ مِن صِفَاتِ الدُّنْيَا. Perishing is among the traits of the worldly life. | fanāʾ Literal Transliteration (Easy Pronunciation): fanāʾ (fa-NAA’)
37
# ▪ Active Participle فانٍ
فَانٍ Perishing / vanishing (present condition) Example: العَالَمُ فَانٍ وَرَبُّكَ بَاقٍ. The world is perishing and your Lord is eternal. | fā-nin
38
# Perfect (Past) رَضِيَ
رضي He was pleased Example: رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ. Allah was pleased with them. | ra-ḍi-ya
39
# Imperfect (Present) يرضى
يَرْضَى He is pleased Example: يَرْضَى المُؤْمِنُ بِقَضَاءِ اللهِ. The believer is content with Allah’s decree. | Pronunciation: yar-ḍā
40
# Verbal Noun (Masdar) رِضَاءٌ / رِضًى
رضا Pleasure / satisfaction Example: رِضَى اللهِ هُوَ الغَايَةُ. The pleasure of Allah is the ultimate goal. | riḍā
41
# Active Participle راضٍ
رَاضٍ Content / pleased Example: هُوَ رَاضٍ بِحَيَاتِهِ. He is content with his life. | rā-din
42
# Perfect (Past) سعى
سَعَى He strove / strived / walked quickly Example: سَعَى الرَّجُلُ لِرِزْقِهِ. The man strove for his livelihood. | sa-ʿā
43
# Imperfect (Present) يسعى
يَسْعَى He strives Example: يَسْعَى الطَّالِبُ لِلنَّجَاحِ. The student strives for success. | yas-ʿā
44
# Verbal Noun (Masdar) سعي
سَعْيٌ Effort / striving Example: السَّعْيُ فِي الخَيْرِ مَطْلُوبٌ. Striving for good is required. | saʿ-yun
45
# Active Participle ساعٍ
سَاعٍ One striving Example: السَّاعِي لِخَيْرِ النَّاسِ مَشْكُورٌ. The one who strives for the good of people is appreciated. | sā-ʿin
46
# Perfect نَهَى
نهى He forbade Perfect: نَهَى اللهُ عَنِ الشِّرْكِ. Allāh forbade associating partners with Him. | nahā
47
# Imperfect (Present) يَنْهَى
ينهى He forbids Imperfect: يَنْهَى الْمُعَلِّمُ التَّلَامِيذَ عَنِ الضَّوْضَاءِ. The teacher forbids the students from making noise. | yanhā
48
# Verbal Noun (Masdar) نهي
نَهْيٌ prohibition|Prevention | nahy
49
# Active Participle: نَاهٍ
one who forbids |Prevent Active Participle: هُوَ نَاهٍ عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ. He is someone who forbids immorality. | nāhin
50
# Passive Participle: مَنْهِيٌّ
one who is forbidden |Prevented Passive Participle: هَذَا الْفِعْلُ مَنْهِيٌّ عَنْهُ. This action is forbidden. | manhiyy
51
# Perfect (Past): هدى
هَدَى He guided | hadā
52
# Imperfect (Present) يهدي
يَهْدِي He guides Imperfect: يَهْدِي الإِمَامُ الْمُصَلِّينَ. The imam guides the worshipers. | yahdī
53
# Verbal Noun (Masdar): هداية
هِدَايَةٌ guidance | hidāyah
54
# Active Participle: هَادٍ
one who guides Active Participle: هُوَ هَادٍ إِلَى الْخَيْرِ. He is a guide to goodness. | hādin
55
# Passive Participle: مَهْدِيٌّ
one who is guided Passive Participle: الْمُؤْمِنُ مَهْدِيٌّ بِنُورِ اللهِ. The believer is guided by the light of Allah | mahdiyy
56
حَقِقَ
حقق He verified / achieved / realized | ḥaqiqa
57
# Imperfect (Present): يَحْقِقُ
يحقق He verifies / achieves / realizes | yaḥqiqu
58
# Verbal Noun (Masdar): تَحْقِيقٌ
تحقيق verification / achievement / realization | taḥqīq
59
# Active Participle: حَاقِقٌ
verifier / achiever / one who realizes Active Participle: هُوَ حَاقِقٌ لِمُطَالِبِهِ. He is an achiever of his demands. | ḥāqiḳ
60
# Passive Participle: مُحَقَّقٌ
Meaning: verified / achieved / realized Passive Participle: الْوَثِيقَةُ مُحَقَّقَةٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْخَبِيرِ. The document is verified by the expert. | muḥaqqaq
61
# Perfect سَأَلَ
Meaning: He asked 📘 سَأَلَ الوَلَدُ مُعَلِّمَهُ. – The boy asked his teacher. سأل | saʾala
62
# Imperfect (Present) يَسْأَلُ
yasʾalu Meaning: He asks 📘 يَسْأَلُ الطِّفْلُ كَثِيرًا. – The child asks a lot.
63
# Verbal Noun (Masdar) سُؤَالٌ
Asking, a question 📘 السُّؤَالُ يَفْتَحُ أَبْوَابَ العِلْمِ. – A question opens the doors of knowledge. سؤال | suʾāl
64
# Active Participle سَائِلٌ
One who asks سائل Questioner / Inquirer (from the verb سَأَلَ – to ask) 📘 السَّائِلُ يَنْتَظِرُ الجَوَابَ. – The questioner is waiting for an answer. | sāʾil
65
# Passive Participle مَسْؤُولٌ
Meaning: One who is asked / responsible 📘 أَنْتَ مَسْؤُولٌ عَنْ أَفْعَالِكَ. – You are responsible for your actions. مسؤول | masʾūl
66
# Perfect سَاقَ
ساق 📘 سَاقَ الأَبُ سَيَّارَتَهُ. – The father drove his car. Meaning: He drove / led | sāqa
67
# Imperfect يَسُوقُ
He drives 📘 يَسُوقُ بِحَذَرٍ. – He drives carefully. يسوق | yasūqu
68
# Masdar |VERBAL NOUN سِيَاقَةٌ |سَوْقٌ
Driving, leading 📘 سَوْقُ الجُنُودِ لِلْمَعْرَكَةِ. – The leading of the soldiers to battle. سوق | sawq
69
# Active Participle سَائِقٌ
سائق Driver 📘 السَّائِقُ مُحْتَرِفٌ. – The driver is professional. | sāʾiq
70
# Passive Participle مَسُوقٌ
مسوق One who is driven 📘 الحَيَوَانُ مَسُوقٌ إِلَى الحَظِيرَةِ. – The animal is being driven to the pen. | masūq
71
# Perfect ذَاقَ
He tasted| 📘 ذَاقَ الطَّعَامَ. – He tasted the food. | dhāqa
72
# Imperfect يَذُوقُ
He tastes يذوق 📘 يَذُوقُ الشَّايَ. – He tastes the tea. | yadhūqu
73
# Masdar Verbal noun ذَوْقٌ
: Taste, tasting 📘 لَهُ ذَوْقٌ جَيِّدٌ. – He has good taste. | dhawq
74
ذَائِقٌ
Taster 📘 ذَائِقُ الطَّعَامِ مَاهِرٌ. – The food taster is skilled. | dhāʾiq
75
# 💠 Passive Participle مَذُوقٌ
Tasted 📘 الطَّعَامُ مَذُوقٌ. – The food is tasted. | madhūq
76
# 💠 Perfect ظَهَرَ
ظهر ẓahara He appeared 📘 ظَهَرَ القَمَرُ فِي السَّمَاءِ. – The moon appeared in the sky.
77
# Imperfect يَظْهَرُ
He appears 📘 يَظْهَرُ الحَقُّ فِي النِّهَايَةِ. – The truth appears in the end. | yaẓharu
78
# Masdar ظُهُورٌ
ظهور Appearance 📘 ظُهُورُ النُّجُومِ جَمِيلٌ. – The appearance of stars is beautiful. | ẓuhūr
79
# 💠 Active Participle ظَاهِرٌ
Apparent, visible 📘 الأَمْرُ ظَاهِرٌ. – The matter is apparent. ظاهر | ẓāhir
80
# 💠 Passive Participle مَظْهُورٌ
مظهور Revealed, made visible 📘 الأَثَرُ مَظْهُورٌ. – The trace is revealed. | maẓhūr
81
# 💠 Perfect حَفِظَ
He memorized 📘 حَفِظَ القُرْآنَ. – He memorized the Qur’an. حفظ | ḥafiẓa
82
# 💠 Imperfect يَحْفَظُ | يَحْفَظُ
He memorizes 📘 يَحْفَظُ الدَّرْسَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ. – He memorizes the lesson every day. | yaḥfaẓu
83
# 💠 Masdar حِفْظٌ
حفظ Memorization, preservation 📘 حِفْظُ العِلْمِ وَاجِبٌ. – Preserving knowledge is a duty. | ḥifẓ
84
# 💠 Active Participle حَافِظٌ
Memorizer, guardian 📘 هُوَ حَافِظٌ لِلكِتَابِ. – He is a memorizer of the Book. | ḥāfiẓ
85
# 💠 Passive Participle مَحْفُوظٌ
Preserved 📘 الكِتَابُ مَحْفُوظٌ. – The book is preserved. | maḥfūẓ
86
# 💠 Perfect وَسِعَ
He encompassed / was wide enough 📘 وَسِعَ المَكَانُ الجَمِيعَ. – The place fit everyone. وسع | wasiʿa
87
# 💠 Imperfect يَسَعُ
He encompasses يسع 📘 لا يَسَعُ قَلْبِي الحُزْنَ. – My heart cannot contain the grief. | yasaʿu
88
# 💠 Masdar وُسٌْ
Capacity, breadth
89
# 💠 Active Participle وَاسِعٌ
Wide, spacious 📘 الطَّرِيقُ وَاسِعٌ. – The road is wide. واسع | wāsiʿ
90
# 💠 Passive Participle مَوْسُوْعٌ
encyclopedic / comprehensive / extensive | mawsūʿ
91
# Perfect (Past) ظَلَمَ
He wronged / oppressed Literal Meaning: He wronged / oppressed 📘 ظَلَمَ الرَّجُلُ صَدِيقَهُ. – The man wronged his friend. | ẓalama ظلم
92
# Imperfect (Present) يَظْلِمُ
He wrongs / is wronging 📘 لَا يَظْلِمُ اللهُ أَحَدًا. – Allah does not wrong anyone. | yaẓlimu
93
# Verbal Noun (Masdar) ظُلْمٌ
Oppression / wrongdoing 📘 الظُّلْمُ مُحَرَّمٌ. – Oppression is forbidden. | ẓulm
94
# Active Participle ظَالِمٌ
Oppressor / one who wrongs 📘 الظَّالِمُ يُعَاقَبُ. – The oppressor is punished. | ẓālim
95
# Passive Participle مَظْلُومٌ
Wronged / oppressed 📘 المَظْلُومُ يَدْعُو عَلَى ظَالِمِهِ. – The oppressed prays against his oppressor. | maẓlūm
96
# Perfect (Past) سَاقَ
He drove / led 📘 سَاقَ المُعَلِّمُ الطُّلَّابَ إِلَى الفَصْلِ. – The teacher led the students to the classroom. | sāqa
97
# 🔸 Imperfect (Present) يَسُوقُ
📘 يَسُوقُ السَّائِقُ السَّيَّارَةَ بِسُرْعَةٍ. – The driver is driving the car fast. He drives / leads | yasūqu
98
# 🔸 Verbal Noun (Masdar) ُسُوْقٌ
Driving / leading 📘 سَوْقُ الغَنَمِ إِلَى المَرْعَى. – Driving the sheep to the pasture. | suwq
99
# 🔸 Active Participle سَائِقٌ
Driver Literal Meaning: Driver 📘 السَّائِقُ يَلْبَسُ حِزَامَ الأَمَانِ. – The driver wears a seatbelt. | sāʾiq
100
# Passive Participle مَسُوقٌ
Driven / led 📘 الجَيْشُ مَسُوقٌ إِلَى الحَرْبِ. – The army is being led to war.[](http://) | masūq
101
# 🔸 Perfect (Past) شَهِدَ
He witnessed / testified 📘 شَهِدَ الرَّجُلُ الحَادِثَ. The man witnessed the accident. شهد | shahida
102
# 🔸 Imperfect (Present) يَشْهَدُ
He witnesses / is witnessing يشهد 📘 يَشْهَدُ الطِّفْلُ الحَفْلَةَ. The child is watching the ceremony. | yash-hadu
103
# 🔸 Verbal Noun (Masdar) شَهَادَةٌ
Testimony / witnessing / certificate 📘 أَخَذَ شَهَادَةَ التَّخَرُّجِ. He received the graduation certificate. | shahādah
104
# Active Participle شَاهِدٌ
شاهد Witness / one who sees or testifies 📘 الشَّاهِدُ قَالَ الحَقِيقَةَ. The witness told the truth. | shāhid
105
# Passive Participle مَشْهُودٌ
Witnessed / testified to / observed 📘 يَوْمٌ مَشْهُودٌ A day that is witnessed (often referring to the Day of Judgment in the Qur’an) | mashhūd

Appendix D: Five pillars in Tri-Literal Roots (4 decks)

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