Lesson 6 Keywords Flashcards
(25 cards)
a form of social stratification in which one’s status is determined by birth and is lifelong
caste system
Karl Marx’s term for awareness of a shared identity based on one’s position in the means of production
class consciousness
a form of social stratification based primarily on the possession of money or material possessions
class system
the process by which one nation takes over another, usually for the purpose of exploiting its labor and natural resources
colonialism
the assumption that the values and behaviors of the poor make them fundamentally different from other people, that these factors are largely responsible for their poverty, and that parents perpetuate poverty across generations by passing these characteristics to their children
culture of poverty
companies that operate across many national boundaries; also called transnational corporations
multinational corporations
the economic and political dominance of the Least Industrialized Nations by the Most Industrialized Nations
neocolonialism
according to Weber, a large number of people who rank close to each other in wealth, property, and prestige; according to Marx, one of two groups
social class
movement up or down the social class ladder
social mobility
the division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative power, property, and prestige; applies to nations and to people within a nation, society, or other group
social stratification
economic and political connections that tie the world’s countries together
world system theory
a condition resulting from status inconsistency
anomie
the assumption that values and behaviors of the poor make them fundamentally different from other people, that these factors are largely responsible for their poverty, and parents perpetuate poverty across generations by passing these characteristics on to their children
culture of poverty
movement down the social class ladder
downward social mobility
about the same numbers of people moving up and down the social class ladder such that, on balance, the social class system shows little change
exchange mobility
the belief that, due to limitless possibilities, anyone can get ahead if he or she tries hard enough
Horatio Alger myth
the change that family members make in social class from one generation to the next
intergenerational mobility
the official measure of poverty; calculated to include those whose incomes are less than three times a low-cost food budget
poverty line
the ability to carry out your will, even over the resistance of others
power
C. Wright Mills’s term for the top people in U.S. corporations, military, and politics who make the nation’s major decisions
power elite
according to Weber, a large number of people who rank close to each other in wealth, power, and prestige; according to Marx, one of two groups
social class
social ranking; the position that someone occupies in society or a social group
status
movement up or down the social class ladder due to changes in the structure of society, not to individual efforts
structural mobility
a group of people for whom poverty persists year after year and across generations
underclass
