lesson 7/8

Question 1

What are lipids?

Answer 1

Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic organic molecules that are insoluble in water.

Question 2

True or False: Lipids play a crucial role in energy storage.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The primary function of _______ is to store energy and provide insulation.

Answer 3

triglycerides

Question 4

What are the two main types of fatty acids?

Answer 4

Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

Question 5

Which type of fatty acid has no double bonds between carbon atoms?

Answer 5

Saturated fatty acids.

Question 6

What is the structure of a triglyceride?

Answer 6

A triglyceride consists of one glycerol molecule bonded to three fatty acid chains.

Question 7

True or False: Steroids are a type of lipid characterized by a four-ring carbon structure.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the primary function of phospholipids in cells?

Answer 8

Phospholipids form the structural basis of cell membranes.

Question 9

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids? A) Energy storage B) Hormone production C) Protein synthesis

Answer 9

C) Protein synthesis

Question 10

What are essential fatty acids?

Answer 10

Essential fatty acids are fatty acids that must be obtained through diet because the body cannot synthesize them.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: Cholesterol is a type of _______ that is important for cell membrane structure and hormone production.

Answer 11

steroid

Question 12

What are the health implications of trans fats?

Answer 12

Trans fats are associated with an increased risk of heart disease and should be minimized in the diet.

Question 13

True or False: All lipids are soluble in water.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What role do lipids play in signaling within the body?

Answer 14

Lipids act as signaling molecules, such as hormones and second messengers.

Question 15

What are examples of Lipids?

Answer 15

1)fats 2)Phospholipids 3)Oils 40Waxes 5)Steroid hormones 6)Triglycerides

Question 16

What are the functions of lipids

Answer 16

1)Long term energy storage 2)Insulation prevents heat loss 3)Protection against physical shock 4)Protection against water loss 5)chemical messangers 6)Major component of cell membranes

Question 17

What is a fatty acid?

Answer 17

The basic building block of lipids and major component of body fat

Question 18

What are nucleic acids composed of?

Answer 18

Long chains of nucleotides linked by dehydration synthesis

Question 19

What are the two main types of nucleic acids?

Answer 19

DNA and RNA

Question 20

True or False: Nucleic acids are polymers made up of nucleotides.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The structure of DNA is often described as a __________.

Answer 21

double helix

Question 22

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Answer 22

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 23

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Answer 23

Uracil

Question 24

What is the primary function of DNA?

Answer 24

To store and transmit genetic information

Question 25

Multiple Choice: What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together? A) Ionic B) Hydrogen C) Covalent D) Metallic

Answer 25

B) Hydrogen

Question 26

What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?

Answer 26

Nucleotide

Question 27

True or False: RNA is typically single-stranded.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

True or False: DNA replication is a semi-conservative process.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 29

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 30

True or False: ATP is the primary energy carrier in all living organisms.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Fill in the blank: ATP consists of a ribose sugar, three ________ groups, and an adenine base.

Answer 31

phosphate

Question 32

Which of the following is a primary function of ATP? A) Genetic information storage B) Energy transfer C) Cell division

Answer 32

B) Energy transfer

Question 33

Short answer: How is energy released from ATP?

Answer 33

Energy is released when the terminal phosphate group is removed, forming ADP.

Question 34

Describe saturated fatty acids

Answer 34

They have the maximum number of hydrogen bonded to the carbons and have all single bonds between carbons. All carbons are saturated with hydrogen

Question 35

Describe unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 35

Have less than the maximum number of hydrogens bonded to the carbons

Question 36

What is the double bond of phospholipids in the cell membrane called?

Answer 36

Phospholipid bilayer