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CBIO 2200 Lab > Lessons 8-9 > Flashcards

Lessons 8-9 Flashcards

1
Q

Pelvic Girdle

A

immobile, weight-bearing foundation for the upper body

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2
Q

hip bones

A

pair of large, curved bones that form the lateral and anterior parts of the pelvis

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3
Q

the hip bones are made of what three fused bones

A

ilium, ischium, and pubis

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4
Q

when in life do the hip bones fuse?

A

late teenage years

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5
Q

illium

A

large fan-like superior region connected to the sacrum by the sacroiliac joint

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6
Q

iliac crest

A

arching superior margin of the ilium along the waistline

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7
Q

iliac fossa

A

shallow depression at the internal surface of the upper ilium

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8
Q

greater sciatic

A

large inverted u-shaped indention on the posterior margin of the lower ilium

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9
Q

ischium

A

posteroinferior region of the hip

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10
Q

the ischium supports

A

the sitting body

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11
Q

ischial tuberosity

A

large, rough area of the inferior ischium that is the attachment for posterior muscle

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12
Q

ischial ramus

A

superior and anterior segment above the ischial tuberosity

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13
Q

ischial spine

A

bony projection separating the sciatic notches

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14
Q

pubis

A

anterior portion which curves medially to join the opposite pubis at the pubic symphysis joint

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15
Q

pubic body

A

large medial portion of the pubis

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16
Q

femur

A

single bone of the thigh bone

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17
Q

the longest and straightest bone in the body is the

A

femur

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18
Q

head of the femur

A

round, proximal end that articulates with the acetabulum

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19
Q

fovea capitis

A

indentation on the medial side of the femoral head where ligaments attach

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20
Q

neck of the femur

A

narrow region below the head

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21
Q

greater trochanter

A

large, upward, bony projection at the base of the neck of the femur

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22
Q

lesser trochanter

A

small, bony prominence on the medial side of the femur

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23
Q

gluteal tuberosity

A

roughened area extending from the greater trochanter

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24
Q

linea aspera

A

meets the gluteal tuberosity on the distal posterior side

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25
Q

lateral condyle

A

smooth portion that covers the distal and posterior parts of the lateral expansion

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26
Q

lateral epicondyle

A

roughened area on the lateral, outer side of the lateral condyle

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27
Q

medial condyle

A

smooth portion that covers the distal and posterior part of the medial expansion

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28
Q

medial epicondyle

A

roughened area on the medial outer side of the medial condyle

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29
Q

adductor tubercle

A

small bump on the superior margin of the medial epicondyle

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30
Q

intercondylar fossa

A

deep depression that separates the condyles posteriorly

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31
Q

patellar surface

A

smooth surface and wide groove where the condyles meet anteriorly

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32
Q

patella

A

kneecap

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33
Q

what is the largest sesamoid bone in the body

A

patella

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34
Q

tibia

A

shin bone that is the medial, weight-bearing bone of the lower leg

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35
Q

medial and lateral condyle

A

formed by the expanded proximal ends of the tibia

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36
Q

intercondylar eminence

A

irregular, elevated area at the proximal end of the tibia that is the attachment point for knee ligaments

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37
Q

tibial tuberosity

A

elevated area on the anterior side of the tibia near the proximal end

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38
Q

interosseous border

A

small ridge on the lateral side of the shaft that is the attachment site for the interosseous membrane

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39
Q

interosseous membrane

A

dense connective tissue that connects the tibia and fibula

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40
Q

medial malleolus

A

large expansion on the medial side of the distal tibia

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41
Q

fibular notch

A

wide groove on the distal tibia that articulates with the fibula

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42
Q

the articulation of the fibula and tibia forms the

A

tibiofibular joint

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43
Q

fibula

A

slender bone on the lateral lower leg that doesn’t bear weight

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44
Q

the fibula functions to

A

attach muscles

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45
Q

lateral malleolus

A

bony bump on the lateral side of the ankle

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46
Q

tarsal bones

A

form the posterior half of the foot

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47
Q

talus

A

square-shaped, upper surface that articulates with the tibia and fibula at the ankle joint

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48
Q

calcaneus

A

the heel

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49
Q

cuboidal bone

A

articulates with the anterior end of the calcaneus bone

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50
Q

navicular bone

A

articulates posteriorly with the talus

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51
Q

cuneiform bones

A

wedge shaped bones that articulate anteriorly with the navicular bone

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52
Q

cuneiform bones

A

medial, intermediate, and lateral

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53
Q

cuneiform bone shape

A

broad superior surface and narrow inferior surface

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54
Q

metatarsal bone forms

A

anterior half of the foot

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55
Q

the metatarsals form the

A

ball of the foot

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56
Q

phalanges

A

toes

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57
Q

each toe, except the big, has ___ phalanges, called the ___

A

three, proximal, medial, distal phalanges

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58
Q

hallux

A

big toe

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59
Q

interphalangeal joint

A

joint between adjacent phalanges

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60
Q

muscles that act on the hip and femur originate

A

on the pelvic girdle and gluteus maximus

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61
Q

iliopsoas primary action

A

flexes and laterally rotate the thigh and flex the torso

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62
Q

iliopsoas origin

A

psoas: vertebrae
iliacus: lilac and sacrum

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63
Q

iliopsoas insertion

A

lesser trochanter

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64
Q

iliopsoas innervation

A

femoral nerve

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65
Q

gluteus maximus primary action

A

extend thigh

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66
Q

gluteus maximus origin

A

dorsal ilium, sacrum, coccyxx

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67
Q

gluteus maximus insertion

A

gluteal tuberosity of femur

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68
Q

gluteus maximus innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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69
Q

gluteus medius primary action

A

abduct thigh

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70
Q

gluteus medius origin

A

ilium

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71
Q

gluteus medius insertion

A

greater trochanter of femur

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72
Q

gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

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73
Q

gluteus minimus

A

adduct thigh

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74
Q

gluteus minimus origin

A

ilium

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75
Q

gluteus minimus insertion

A

superior gluteal nerve

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76
Q

tensor fascia latae primary action

A

flex and abduct thigh

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77
Q

tensor fascia latae origin

A

iliac crest and spine

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78
Q

tensor fascia latae insertion

A

illiobital tract

79
Q

tensor fascia latae innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

80
Q

adductor longus primary action

A

adduct and medially rotate thigh, flex thigh

81
Q

adductor longus origin

A

pubis, near pubic symphysis

82
Q

adductor longus insertion

A

linea aspera

83
Q

adductor longus innervation

A

obturator nerve

84
Q

adductor brevis primary action

A

adduct and flex thigh

85
Q

adductor brevis origin

A

pubis

86
Q

adductor brevis insertion

A

linea aspera

87
Q

adductor brevis innervation

A

obturator nerve

88
Q

adductor magnus primary action

A

adduct and medially rotate thigh, extend thigh

89
Q

adductor magnus origin

A

ischial rami, pubic rami, ischial tuberosity

90
Q

adductor magnus insertion

A

linea aspea

91
Q

adductor magnus innervation

A

obturator nerve

92
Q

pectineus primary action

A

adduct, flex, and medially rotate thigh

93
Q

pectineus origin

A

pubis

94
Q

pectineus insertion

A

lesser trochanter and linea aspera

95
Q

pectineus innervation

A

femoral nerve

96
Q

way to remember gluteus medius

A

middle

97
Q

way to remember gluteus minimus

A

minimal

98
Q

gluteus medius is deep to the gluteus ____, gluteus minimus is deep to the gluteus ____

A

gluteus maximus, gluteus medius

99
Q

pectineus is ____ and ____ to the gluteus minimus

A

medial and deep

100
Q

quadriceps femoris group muscles

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralus, vastus medials, vastus intermedius

101
Q

quadriceps femoris function

A

extend and stabilize the knee

102
Q

most superficial quad muscle

A

rectus femoris

103
Q

vastus intermedius location and way to remember

A

deep to the rectus femoris and forms a V

104
Q

tensor fascia latae recognition trick

A

medial side, top is meaty, bottom is more fascia

105
Q

Sartorius location

A

band-like muscle extending from the superior iliac spine to the medial side of the tibia

106
Q

sartorius function

A

flexes the knee, flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the hip

107
Q

hamstring group function

A

flex the knee

108
Q

hamstring group muscles

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

109
Q

most superficial hamstring group

A

biceps femoris

110
Q

biceps femoris unique characteristic

A

two heads

111
Q

semitendinosus has a long ____ end and semimembranosus has more ____

A

tendon, fascia

112
Q

is semitendinosus or semimembranosus more medial

A

semimembranosus

113
Q

gracilis primary action

A

adduct thigh and flex knee

114
Q

gracilis origin

A

body of pubis and ischial ramus

115
Q

gracilis insertion

A

medial surface of tibia

116
Q

gracilis innervation

A

obturator nerve

117
Q

sartorius primary action

A

flex, abduct, and laterally rotate thigh and flex knee

118
Q

sartorius origin

A

superior iliac spine

119
Q

sartorius insertion

A

proximal tibia

120
Q

sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve

121
Q

rectus femoris primary action

A

extend knee, flex thigh

122
Q

rectus femoris origin

A

inferior iliac spine, acetabulum

123
Q

rectus femoris insertion

A

patella, tibial tuberosity

124
Q

vastus lateralis primary action

A

extend knee

125
Q

vastus lateralis origin

A

greater trochanter and linea aspera

126
Q

vastus lateralis insertion

A

patella, tibial tuberosity

127
Q

vastus lateralis innervation

A

femoral nerve

128
Q

rectus femoris innervation

A

femoral nerve

129
Q

vastus medialis primary action

A

extend knee

130
Q

vastus medialis origin

A

linea aspera

131
Q

vastus medialis insertion

A

patella and tibial tuberosity

132
Q

vastus medialis innervation

A

femoral nerve

133
Q

vastus intermedius primary action

A

extend knee

134
Q

vastus intermedius origin

A

proximal femur shaft

135
Q

vastus intermedius insertion

A

patella, tibial tuberosity

136
Q

vastus intermedius innervation

A

femoral nerve

137
Q

biceps femoris primary action

A

extend and laterally rotate thigh, flex knee

138
Q

biceps femoris origin

A

ischial tuberosity, linea aspera, distal femu

139
Q

biceps femoris insertion

A

fibular head, lateral condyle of tibia

140
Q

biceps femoris innervation

A

sciatic nerve

141
Q

semitendinosus primary action

A

extend and medially rotate thigh, flex knee

142
Q

semitendinosus origin

A

ischial tuberoisty

143
Q

semitendinosus insertion

A

medial, upper tibial shaft

144
Q

semitendinosus innervation

A

sciatic nerve

145
Q

semimembranosus primary action

A

extend and medially rotate thigh, flex knee

146
Q

semimembranosus origin

A

ischial tuberosity

147
Q

semimembranosus insertion

A

medial condyle of tibia

148
Q

semimembranosus innervation

A

sciatic nerve

149
Q

extensors are more ____, flexors are more ____

A

anterior, posterior

150
Q

anterior muscles of the lower leg

A

tibialis anterior, extensor hallicus longus, extensor digitorum longus

151
Q

lateral muscles of the lower leg

A

fibularis longus, fibularis brevis

152
Q

posterior muscles make up the

A

calf

153
Q

superficial muscles of the posterior lower leg

A

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

154
Q

gastrocnemius

A

most superficial and visible calf muscle

155
Q

soleus

A

wide and flat, deep to the gastrocnemius

156
Q

plantaris runs ____, and is ____

A

obliquely and is deep and small

157
Q

deep calf muscles

A

popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus, tibialis posterior

158
Q

gastrocnemius primary action

A

plantar flexes foot, flexes knee

159
Q

gastrocnemius origin

A

condyles of femur

160
Q

gastrocnemius insertion

A

posterior calcaneus

161
Q

gastrocnemius innervation

A

tibial nerve

162
Q

soleus primary action

A

plantar flex foot

163
Q

soleus origin

A

superior tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane

164
Q

soleus insertion

A

posterior calcaneus

165
Q

soleus innervation

A

tibial nerve

166
Q

plantaris primary action

A

flex knee, plantar flex foot

167
Q

plantaris origin

A

posterior femur, above the lateral condyle

168
Q

plantaris insertion

A

calcaneus

169
Q

plantaris innervation

A

tibial nerve

170
Q

tibialis anterior primary action

A

dorsiflex and invert foot

171
Q

tibialis anterior origin

A

lateral condyle, upper tibial shaft, interosseus membrane

172
Q

tibialis anterior insertion

A

medial cuneiform, first metatarsal

173
Q

tibialis anterior innervation

A

fibular nerve

174
Q

tibialis posterior primary action

A

plantar flex foot

175
Q

tibialis posterior origin

A

superior tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane

176
Q

tibialis posterior insertion

A

tarsal bones

177
Q

tibialis posterior innervation

A

tibial nerve

178
Q

flexor hallucis longus primary action

A

plantar flex foot and flex big toe

179
Q

flexor hallucis longus origin

A

midshaft of fibula, interosseous membrane

180
Q

flexor hallucis longus insertion

A

distal phalanx of big toe

181
Q

flexor hallucis longus innervation

A

tibial nerve

182
Q

flexor digitorum longus primary action

A

plantar flex and invert foot, flex toes

183
Q

flexor digitorum longus origin

A

posterior tibia

184
Q

flexor digitorum longus insertion

A

distal phalanges

185
Q

flexor digitorum longus innervation

A

tibial nerve

186
Q

fibularis longus primary action

A

plantar flex and evert foot

187
Q

fibularis longus origin

A

upper portion of lateral fibula

188
Q

fibularis longus insertion

A

first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

189
Q

fibularis longus innervation

A

fibular nerve

190
Q

the tibialis anterior is most ___ and runs next to the ___

A

superficial, tibia

191
Q

flexors start on the same/opposite side as the action they cause

A

opposite

192
Q

flexor digitorum starts on the lateral/medial side of the leg, but flips to run into the lateral/medial digits

A

medial, lateral

193
Q

flexor fibularis connects to the ____, on the medial/lateral side

A

fibula, lateral

194
Q

plantar aponeurosis

A

deep fascia that supports the longitudinal arch of the foot

CBIO 2200 Lab (9 decks)

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