Leukocyte abnormalities

Question 1

L shift
immature granulocytes in the blood

Answer 1

pregnancy
infection
myelofibrosis

Question 2

Answer 2

immature to mature (L to R)

Question 3

increased granulation (toxic granulation)

Answer 3

bacterial infection
tissue damage

Question 4

“toxic granulation” but present in all leukocytes (not just granulocytes)
inherited anomaly

Answer 4

Alder-Reilly Anomaly

Question 5

normal top R
reduced granulation in neutrophil cytoplasm (hypogranulation)

Answer 5

myelodysplastic syndrome

Question 6

vacuoles in the cytoplasm of granulocytes (toxic vacuoles)

Answer 6

infection
toxic effect of alcohol

Question 7

small pale blue cytoplasmic inclusions
(Dohle bodies)

Answer 7

infective and inflammatory states
burns
chemo

Question 8

AD disorder
giant platelets
bright blue Dohle like inclusions in WBC
moderate thrombocytopenia

Answer 8

May-Hegglin Anomaly

Question 9

increased neutrophils with 6 segments or more
(hypersegmented neutrophils)

Answer 9

megaloblastic anemia

Question 10

mono or bilobed neutrophils w/ condensed chromatin
(hyposegmentation)

Answer 10

Pelger-Huet anomaly
found in myelodysplastic syndrome

Question 11

various microorganisms in vacuoles in cytoplasm of neutrophils
(phagocytosed organisms)

Answer 11

bacterial, fungal, protozoal infections

Question 12

primitive, immature cells seen in acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

Answer 12

circulating blasts

Question 13

rods in cytoplasm seen in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome
have MPO in them

Answer 13

Auer rods

Question 14

pleomorphic, large w/ abundant basophilic cytoplasm
found in viral infections, bacterial and protozoal; drug rxns, stress, autoimmune

Answer 14

variant (atypical) lymphocytes

Question 15

small eosinophilic granules in the cytoplasm of large lymphocytes
found in viral infections, RA, lymphocytic leukemia

Answer 15

large granular lymphocytosis

Question 16

Answer 16

common reactive changes

Question 17

granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes

Answer 17

WBCs

Question 18

increased in response to acute body stress
can phagocytose and kill microorganisms
most numerous WBC
2-3 segments usually

Answer 18

neutrophils

Question 19

Answer 19

lymphocytes

Question 20

transformed into histiocytes upon entrance of the tissues
APCs

Answer 20

monocytes

Question 21

specialized in killing parasitesand mediate allergic responses

Answer 21

eosinophils

Question 22

have IgE receptors and mediate hypersensitivity rxns
similar but distinctive from mast cells
least common type of WBC

Answer 22

basophils

Question 23

-cytosis
-philia
-emia

Answer 23

increased numbers

Question 24

-penia

Answer 24

decreased numbers

Question 25

how to distinguish b/t neutrophilia or lymphopenia

Answer 25

absolute counts

Question 26

10,000 leukocyte count, with 80% segmented (neutrophils) being 8,000= (lymphocytes being 1,000)

Answer 26

neutrophilia

Question 27

5,000 leukocyte count (low/normal), 80% of 5,000 is 4,000 (normal for neutrophils), 10% of 5000 is 500, low for lymphocytes =

Answer 27

lymphopenia

Question 28

if patient is a ______it is normal to have more lymphocytes than segmented neutrophils

Answer 28

child

Question 29

WBC count higher or lower in hispanics

Answer 29

higher

Question 30

WBC count higher or lower in blacks

Answer 30

lower

Question 31

WBC higher or lower in pregnancy

Answer 31

higher

Question 32

exercise, stress, hypoxia, epinephrine can cause what

Answer 32

neutrophilia

Question 33

acute or inflammatory reactions and myeloproliferative neoplasms can cause what

Answer 33

neutrophilia

Question 34

monocytosis seen in what phase of various infections

Answer 34

recovery

Question 35

seen in allergic conditions, parasitic infections, and drug reactions, and neoplasms

Answer 35

eosinophilia

Question 36

seen in allergic reactions and myeloproliferative neoplasms

Answer 36

basophilia

Question 37

seen in viral infections and lymphoproliferative neoplasms

Answer 37

lymphocytosis

Question 38

Answer 38

neutropenia

Question 39

main complication of neutropenia

Answer 39

infections

Question 40

rare cyclic neutropenia peds population

Answer 40

congenital neutropenia

Question 41

Immunodeficiency Treatments Steroids(boost neutrophils, but suppress lymphocytes) Malignancies (bone marrow involvement)

Answer 41

lymphopenia

Question 42

An increase in the percentage of immature granulocytes or bands in the blood

Answer 42

WBC maturation abnormality