Levels of organisation, tissues

Question 1

Differentiation definition?

Answer 1

The development of a cell into a specific type

Question 2

What are the features that come with specialisation?

Answer 2

Specialised in structure and chemical reactions they can perform

Question 3

Examples of mamillian tissues?

Answer 3

Muscular, epithelial, connective

Question 4

Structure of epithelial tissue?

Answer 4

A continuous layer, covering/lining external/internal surfaces of the body. No blood vessels but may have nerve endings. Sit on basement membrane

Question 5

Components of basement membrane?

Answer 5

Collagen and protein

Question 6

Typical function of epithelial tissue?

Answer 6

Protective or secretory

Question 7

Simplest epithelial?

Answer 7

Simple cuboidal epithelial

Question 8

Where is simple cuboidal epithelial found?

Answer 8

Proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney nephron and ducts of salivary glands

Question 9

Structure of simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

Answer 9

Single layer of cube shaped cells with large central nuclei

Question 10

Columnar epithelium structure?

Answer 10

Elongated cells. Can be cilliated

Question 11

Location of ciliated columnar epithelium?

Answer 11

Oviduct and trachea since substances need to be moved through them

Question 12

Structure of squamous epithelium?

Answer 12

Flattened cells on basement membrane

Question 13

Location of squamous epithelium

Answer 13

Walls of the alveoli and line the renal (Bowman’s) capsule of the nephron

Question 14

3 types of muscular tissue?

Answer 14

Skeletal, cardiac and smooth

Question 15

Structure of skeletal muscle?

Answer 15

Long cells joined together to form fibres, striated (striped)

Question 16

Strongest muscle type?

Answer 16

Long bands of cells give powerful contractions in skeletal muscle but the muscle tires easily

Question 17

Which are the voluntary muscles?

Answer 17

Skeletal

Question 18

Which are the voluntary muscles?

Answer 18

Skeletal

Question 19

Structure of smooth muscle?

Answer 19

Individual spindle shaped cells, unstriated muscle

Question 20

Motion of smooth muscle?

Answer 20

Contracts rhythmically

Question 21

Is smooth muscle voluntary?

Answer 21

No, they cannot be controlled

Question 22

Location of smooth muscle?

Answer 22

Skin, walls of blood vessels, digestive and respiratory tracks

Question 23

Structure of cardiac muscles?

Answer 23

Striated, branched network. Cells attach their ends to adjoining fibres by thick plasma membranes called intercalated discs

Question 24

Motion of cardiac muscle?

Answer 24

Contract rhythmically without stimulation from nerves or hormones, though these can modify contractions. Doesnt tire

Question 25

Connective tissue function

Answer 25

Support, separate or connect tissues and organs

Question 26

Structure of connective tissue?

Answer 26

Contains elastic fibres and collagen fibres in an extracellular fluid/matrix. Between fibres are adiopcytes and cells of the immune system

Question 27

Adipocytes?

Answer 27

Fat storing cells

Question 28

Tissue?

Answer 28

Group of cells working together with a common function structure and origin in the embryo

Question 29

Organ

Answer 29

Group of tissues in a structural unit, working together and performing a specific function.

Question 30

function of squamous tissue

Answer 30

A lining tissue: covers surface of organs, cavities and tubes. Thin for exchange