Flashcards in Lippincott - Protein Synthesis Deck (56)
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1
direction of writing of codon
5'-->3'
2
number of base combinations
64
3
number of codons coding for amino acids
61
4
stop codons
UAA, UAG, UGA
5
start codon
AUG
6
protein coded for by start codon
methionine
7
characteristics of genetic code [4]
[1] specificity / unambiguity
[2] universality
[3] redundance / degeneracy
[4] nonoverlapping
8
specificity of genetic code
a particular codon codes for only one amino acid
9
universality of genetic code
genetic code found in all organisms
10
redundance / degeneracy of genetic code
a single amino acid has more than 1 coding codon
11
nonverlapping / commaless
code is read from a fixed starting point as a continuous sequence of bases
12
consequences of altering nucleotide sequence [6]
[1] silent mutation
[2] missense
[3] nonsense
[4] triple repeat expansion
[5] splice site mutation
[6] frameshift
13
silent mutation
single nucleotide mutation does not change the amino acid sequence
14
missense
single nucleotide mutation changes amino acid sequence
15
nonsense
single nucleotide mutation produces stop codon
16
result of nonsense mutation
truncated protein
17
triple repeat expansion
amplification of a codon resulting in abnormally high amounts of a single amino acid
18
splice site mutations
failure to correctly splice the protein
19
frameshift mutation
addition or deletion causes change in reading frame and abnormal protein
20
how is amino acid linked to tRNA
carboxyl group of AA is in ester linkage with adenosine of CCA at 3' end
21
anticodon
complement of codon in mRNA
22
codon
specifies amino acid needed for the sequence
23
responsible for attachment of AA to tRNA
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
24
mediators of circularization of mRNA preventing use of incompletely processed mRNA in translation
eIF-4 proteins, poly-A binding proteins
25
where do eIF-4 proteins bind?
5' cap
26
prokaryotic ribosomal components
70S = 50S + 30S
27
eukaryotic ribosomal components
80S = 60S + 40S
28
[T\F] ribosomal proteins are more abundant in eukaryotic ribosomes
T
29
products of RER ribosomes
proteins for export
30
