Liver & Biliary Tree Flashcards
What layer of peritoneum does the liver form within?
- a double layer of peritoneum called the ventral mesogastrium
What separates the right and left anatomical lobes of the liver?
- the falciform ligament
What are the two surfaces of the liver?
- the diaphragmatic surface and the visceral/inferior surface
Which two lobes are found on the visceral/inferior surface of the liver?
- the quadrate lobe and the caudate lobe
The hilum of the liver is found on which surface? What is it also known as? What does it contain?
- found on the visceral/inferior surface
- also known as the porta hepatis
- contains the hepatic ducts, portal vein, and hepatic artery proper
What is the thicker cord of the falciform ligament called? What is it the remnant of?
- the ligamentum teres, which is the obliterated umbilical vein
The quadrate lobe is bordered by ________ and ________. The caudate lobe is bordered by ________ and ________.
- quadrate: gall bladder and fissure for ligamentum teres
- caudate: IVC and fissure for ligamentum venosum (remnant of ductus venosum)
What is the double layer of peritoneum between the liver and the stomach?
- the lesser omentum
The hepatorenal recess is also known as:
- Morrison’s pouch (between the liver and right kidney)
- (fluid can accumulate in here during surgery)
What are the three main areas of portosystemic anastomoses/varice formation?
- lower esophagus: esophageal varices can bleed profusely
- rectum and anal canal: hemorrhoids
- paraumbilical veins: caput medusae
The _________ and _________ form the the common hepatic duct, while the _________ and __________ form the common bile duct.
- right hepatic duct + left hepatic duct –> common hepatic duct
- common hepatic duct + cystic duct –> common bile duct
The common bile duct joins with the main pancreatic duct to form a dilatation known as the ____________, which empties in the ___ part of the duodenum via the _______ duodenal papilla.
- dilatation of the two ducts = hepatopancreatic ampulla (AKA ampulla of Vater)
- bile duct empties into the 2nd part of the duodenum via the major duodenal papilla
The minor duodenal papilla lies ______ the major duodenal papilla and drains the _____________.
- minor is ABOVE the major
- drains the accessory pancreatic duct
The sphincter of Oddi is the sphincter around the:
- hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater)
- (in addition: the common bile duct has a sphincter of the bile duct; the pancreatic duct has a sphincter of the pancreatic duct; when these two merge into the ampulla of Vater, you now have the sphincter of Oddi surrounding them)
Which artery supplies the gallbladder? Where does it branch from?
- the cystic artery, which is usually a branch of the right hepatic artery
The cystohepatic triangle is more commonly known as the __________. What is it made up of?
- known as the triangle of Calot
- formed by the cystic duct, the inferior/visceral surface of the liver, and the common hepatic duct
Name the parts of the pancreas. What “passes through” the pancreas?
- the uncinate process, the head, the neck, the body, and the tail
- the superior mesenteric artery and vein “pass through” the pancreas (they pass behind the neck/body and then in front of the uncinate process)
Which major arterial branches arise from the splenic artery near the hilum of the spleen? Which organs do they supply?
- the short gastric arterial branches supply the fundus of the stomach
- the left gastroepiploic artery supplies the greater curve of the stomach
