LO2

Question 1

What is the role of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Allow you to exchange gases

Question 2

What are the main organs that make up the respiratory system?

Answer 2

Lungs
Trachea
Bronchi

Question 3

What is symptoms with someone experience if they had a problem with the respiratory system?

Answer 3

Tiredness
Dizziness
Chest pains

Question 4

What does the plural membrane do?

Answer 4

Produce a lubricating, Sarah’s fluid that fills the area between layers of pleura
It allows the layers of pleura to slide against each other easily during respiration

Question 5

Where is the intercoastal muscle found?

Answer 5

Between each rib

Question 6

What is a diaphragm?

Answer 6

A large sheet of muscle that sits between the thorax eg chest and abdomen

Question 7

What is the name of the voice box?

Answer 7

Larynx

Question 8

What is the name of a tiny balloon like air sack

Answer 8

Alveoli

Question 9

What are the tiny branches that spread all through our lungs?

Answer 9

Bronchioles

Question 10

What is the name of the two things that split from the trachea

Answer 10

Bronchus

Question 11

What protects the trachea and closes when you swallow

Answer 11

Epiglottis

Question 12

What is known as the windpipe?

Answer 12

Trachea

Question 13

What where does inhaled gases move throughout the body?

Answer 13

Trachea to the bronchi to the bronchioles and eventually engine off at the alveoli at the end

Question 14

What is an alveoli S

Answer 14

Network of capillaries

Question 15

Structure of an alveoli

Answer 15

Thin walls oneself thick
Covered by a network of fine capillaries

Question 16

What does inspiration mean?

Answer 16

Breathing in

Question 17

What does expiration mean?

Answer 17

Breathing out

Question 18

Purpose of inspiration

Answer 18

To draw air into the lungs, the brain sends a nerve impulse to the external intercom muscles and the diaphragm
As the intercoastal muscles contract, it causes the rib cage to swing up and out

Question 19

Role of the diaphragm

Answer 19

Nerve impulse causes a diaphragm to flatten

Question 20

Purpose of the plural membrane

Answer 20

Asda pleural membranes attach the lungs to the rib cage and diaphragm movement of these structures, means the lungs have to follow and are therefore stretched opening of the alveoli
Fluid between membranes causes membranes to stick together
This causes an increase in lung volume, which causes the pressure of the air to decrease

Question 21

And what happens at expiration

Answer 21

Intercoastal muscles, relax it causes the rib cage to go in and down
The diaphragm relaxes in goes back
The lung volume will decrease calls in the pressure of the air to increase

Question 22

What does the pulmonary artery do?

Answer 22

Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 23

What does the pulmonary vein do?

Answer 23

Carry oxygenated blood to the heart

Question 24

What are the three adaptations of the alveoli?

Answer 24

The vast amount of air sacs increasing surface area
The walls of the alveoli are very thin
The and Aaliyah of the alveoli are very moist

Question 25

What does diffusion mean?

Answer 25

When molecules move along a concentration gradient from a high concentration to a low concentration down a concentration gradient

Question 26

What is asthma?

Answer 26

An autoimmune disease and it can be due to genetics or the environment

Question 27

What is the cause of asthma?

Answer 27

When the bronchi of the lungs are inflamed and becomes narrower

Question 28

Symptoms of asthma

Answer 28

Coughing Shortness of breath

Question 29

What is emphysema?

Answer 29

And it is the inflammation and damage to the alveoli, which decreases the amount of oxygen that can be absorbed

Question 30

Causes of emphysema

Answer 30

Long-term Smoking

Question 31

Symptoms of emphysema

Answer 31

Tired Shortness of breath

Question 32

What is cystic fibrosis?

Answer 32

This is a genetic disorder of the cell membrane. Is it results in a fix sticky mucus in the air passages and in the pancreas

Question 33

What is cystic fibrosis caused by?

Answer 33

I recessive allele, and therefore both parents need to carry the gene in order to to be passed on

Question 34

Symptoms of cystic fibrosis

Answer 34

Tiredness Continuous cough, Shortness of breath, 

Question 35

What is the structure of an animal cell?

Answer 35

Cell membrane Cytoplasm Mitochondria Ribosome Nucleus

Question 36

What happens inside of the mitochondria?

Answer 36

A chemical reaction where energy is released from glucose

Question 37

Aerobic respiration calculation

Answer 37

Glucose plus oxygen arrow carbon dioxide plus water plus energy

Question 38

What does aerobic mean?

Answer 38

It requires oxygen

Question 39

What is ATP?

Answer 39

A molecule that stores energy, but can quickly release it for muscle contractions, active transport and chemical reactions

Question 40

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 40

Is a vital chemical reaction that occurs in the mitochondria of all of cells all the time It is a highly efficient process that produces lots of ATP per glucose molecule

Question 41

ATP is a …

Answer 41

High energy molecule

Question 42

Uses of ATP in cells are:

Answer 42

Muscle contraction Driving chemical reaction Active transport Transmission of nerve impulses

Question 43

What are the stages of aerobic respiration

Answer 43

Glycolysis Kerbs cycle Electron transport chain

Question 44

Anaerobic respiration formula

Answer 44

Glucose arrow ATP + lactic acid

Question 45

What does anaerobic mean

Answer 45

Without oxygen

Question 46

What does anaerobic respiration produce

Answer 46

ATP lactic acid

Question 47

What happens at oxygen debt

Answer 47

Breathing rate increases Deeper breathing Heart rate increases