Localisation Of Function In The Brain And Hemispheric Lateralisation

Question 1

What is localisation?

Answer 1

Specific areas of the brain that are associated with specific functions.

Question 2

How is the brain divided what separates there parts and what is the brain?

Answer 2

Right and left hemisphere.
Corpus callossum.
Contralateral.

Question 3

What are the 4 sections of the brain? What are their uses?

Answer 3

• frontal lobe (speech production + consciousness).
• partial lobe (perception)
• occipital lobe (vision)
• temporal lobe (speech recognition/hearing).

Question 4

What are the 4 localisation areas that you need to know about? (Max sings very awfully)

Answer 4

• motor cortex
• somatosensory cortex
• visual centre
• auditory centre

Question 5

Explain the motor cortex? Purpose damage

Answer 5

• Sends out info for voluntary movement.
• organised logically (in section order replica to body layout).
• damage = loss of fine movement.

Question 6

Explain the somatosensory?

Answer 6

• receives info spec sensory.
• area dedicate to spec body area reflects amount of sensory receptors there.
• damage = feeling lost.

Question 7

Explain the auditory centre?

Answer 7

• is on both sides of brain.
• cochlea (turns sound waves to impulses) travels via auditory nerve (decoded in thalamus+brain stem) then delivered to auditory cortex (decision on action is decided). Eg fire alarm
• damage = loss of hearing

Question 8

Explain the visual centre? (Explai eye)

Answer 8

• processes visual info received (via optic nerve).
• eye consists of right+left visual field (giver wider outlook).
• RVF goes to left side of brain and LVF to right.
• damage = both eyes effected.

Question 9

What case study supports localisation? Explain?

Answer 9

Phinneas gage who had brain injury to his frontal lobe and experienced personality change. Therefore the frontal lobe functions in consciousness which damaged changed gage to a angrier person.

Question 10

Explain karl larshleys study?

Answer 10

On rats, removing sections of their brains, found that they still remembered the maze thus proving memory is spread and more complex.

Question 11

What is lateralisation? Eg?

Answer 11

When each hemisphere is split to a particular ballistic function.
Eg. Language in left.

Question 12

Why do we believe language is lateralised to the left? What could damage to left possibly cause?

Answer 12

Wada test. When each hemisphere was anithesised and when asked to read allowed 90% were disrupted when left was anithesised.
Asphyxia.

Question 13

What is the brain?

Answer 13

Contralateral.

Question 14

Explain Broca’s area?

Answer 14

Found due to Tans asphyxia (could understand not speak).
His brain was used in a post mourtum (also scanned later).