The Function Of The Endocrine System: Gland And Hormones ✅

Question 1

Explain the endocrine system?

Answer 1

• maintains homeostasis.
• instructs glands to release hormones.
• acts slowly but has long-lasting effect.
• works with NS to control vital functions.

Question 2

Differences of the endocrine system from the NS?

Answer 2

• NS transmits through nerves (electrical signals).
• endocrine uses blood vessels (hormones).
• NS is an instant response.
• Endocrine is slightly delayed but has a long-lasting effect.

Question 3

What are hormones?

Answer 3

Chemicals that circulate in the bloodstream and are carried to their target cells/organs.

Question 4

Why can hormones only effect target cells?

Answer 4

As they have a specific receptor.

Question 5

When can hormones cause a physiological reaction?

Answer 5

When enough cell receptor sites have been stimulated.

Question 6

What is important for hormones in order to function correctly?

Answer 6

Time and Level of hormone.

Question 7

If not right level of hormone is released or at the incorrect time what will happen? Give example?

Answer 7

Dysfunction of bodily system. Eg. Crushing syndrome (too high level of cortisol).

Question 8

What is the function of glands?

Answer 8

Secrete hormones (which regulate bodily functions). Provide a system of communication through the blood stream.

Question 9

How do glands/hormones work?

Answer 9

1) signal sent hypothalamus —-> pituitary gland (usually a releasing hormone signal).
2) pituitary then secretes a “stimulating hormone” into the blood stream.
3) target glands receive this and are signalled to secrete the hormone. (Either make physiological changes or stimulate another gland.
4) As level of hormone in blood stream increase the hypothalamus stops secreting the “stimulating hormone” which causes pituitary to stop its production of a “stimulating hormone”.

Question 10

Name three glands?

Answer 10

Adrenal, pancreases, pineal

Question 11

Where do these glands come from?

Answer 11

Adrenal ( two on top of each kidney)
Pancreases (in abdomen)
Pineal (in brain)

Question 12

What do they produce? And what are the hormones impact on behaviour?

Answer 12

Adrenaline - triggers fight or flight response
Insulin - controls blood sugar levels.
Melatonin’s - regulates sleep schedule