locals

Question 1

Chloroprocaine
Max toxic dose
dose without EPI

Answer 1

800

12 mg/kg x 70 = 840

Question 2

Chloroprocaine
max toxic dose
WITH EPI

Answer 2

1000

Question 3

Prilocaine
Max toxic dose
WITHOUT EPI

Answer 3

600

8 mg/kg x 70= 560

Question 4

Prilocaine
max toxic dose
with epi

Answer 4

no epi added

Question 5

procaine

max dose without epi

Answer 5

12 mg/kg

Question 6

procaine
max dose
WITH EPI

Answer 6

600

Question 7

mepivicaine
max dose
without EPI

Answer 7

4.5 mg/kg

Question 8

mepivicaine
max dose
with epi

Answer 8

7 mg/kg

Question 9

lidocaine
max dose
without epi

Answer 9

4.5 mg/kg

Question 10

lidocaine
max dose
with epi

Answer 10

7 mg/kg

Question 11

bupivicaine
max dose
with out dpi

Answer 11

3 mg / kg

Question 12

ropivacaine
max dose
with out epi

Answer 12

3 mg/kg

no epi added

Question 13

cocaine
max dose
without dpi

Answer 13

3 mg/kg

no epi added

Question 14

duration of action of benzocaine

Answer 14

0.5-1 hr

Question 15

DOA of chloroprocaine

Answer 15

0.5-1 hr

Question 16

DOA of cocaine

Answer 16

0.5-1 hr

Question 17

DOA of procaine

Answer 17

0.5-1 hr

Question 18

DOA of tetracaine

Answer 18

1.5-6 hr

no dpi added

Question 19

DOA of bupivacaine

Answer 19

1.5-8 hr

Question 20

DOA of lidocaine

Answer 20

0.75-2 hr

Question 21

DOA of mepivacaine

Answer 21

1-2 hr

Question 22

DOA of prilocaine

Answer 22

0.5-1 hr

Question 23

DOA of ropivacaine

Answer 23

1.5-8 hr

Question 24

which Locals are esters?

Answer 24

Benzocaine
Chloroprocaine
Cocaine
Procaine
tetracaine
1 I in ESTERS

Question 25

Which Locals are Amides?

Answer 25

``` Bupivacaine Lidocaine Mepivacaine Prilocaine Ropivacaine ```

Question 26

which form of local anesthetic diffuses across the membrane?

Answer 26

non ionized form

Question 27

where does the non ionized for attach in local anesthetics in the nerve sheath?

Answer 27

inside the sodium channel and locks it shut

Question 28

which state is the Na channel locked in by local anesthetics

Answer 28

inactivated

Question 29

where are voltage gated sodium channels located?

Answer 29

only on the nerve's axon

Question 30

where does the ionized form of the local anesthetic bind?

Answer 30

to the receptors on the sodium channels when the channel is in the inactivated state

Question 31

onset of procaine

Answer 31

slow

Question 32

onset of tetracaine

Answer 32

slow

Question 33

onset of bupivacaine

Answer 33

moderate

Question 34

onset of ropivacaine

Answer 34

slow

Question 35

onset of chloroprocaine

Answer 35

fast

Question 36

onset of lidocaine

Answer 36

fast

Question 37

onset of etidocaine

Answer 37

fast

Question 38

onset of mepivacaine

Answer 38

fast

Question 39

which form of a local anesthetic is active?

Answer 39

the non-ionized form

Question 40

at pH - 7.4 what pKa has a more rapid onset? 7.6 or 8.6

Answer 40

Mepivicaine pKa = 7.6 FAST Tetracaine pKa = 8.6 SLOW agents with lower pKas are more non-ionized at pH 7.4 the non-ionized form of the drug penetrates the lipid bilayer of the nerve axon membrane

Question 41

a alpha function

Answer 41

motor

Question 42

a delta function

Answer 42

fast pain

Question 43

B fibers function

Answer 43

ANS function

Question 44

C fibers function

Answer 44

slow pain

Question 45

a alpha location

Answer 45

efferent to muscles

Question 46

b fibers location

Answer 46

preganglionic SNS

Question 47

c fibers location

Answer 47

post-ganglionic SNS | afferent sensory

Question 48

a delta location

Answer 48

afferent sensory

Question 49

local anesthetics inhibit the peripheral nerves in the following:

Answer 49

B fibers > C fibers >Small diameter A fibers > large diameters A fibers

Question 50

where do local anesthetics bind

Answer 50

the inside alpha subunit on the Na channel

Question 51

what regulates membrane potential?

Answer 51

K

Question 52

what regulates threshold potentialC

Answer 52

Ca

Question 53

are locals acids or bases

Answer 53

weak bases

Question 54

how are locals prepared

Answer 54

as hydrochloride salts

Question 55

which part of the local anesthetics crosses the nerve sheath

Answer 55

the unionized portion

Question 56

which part of the local anesthetic is active

Answer 56

the ionized portion after the unionized has crossed the nerve

Question 57

onset of action is associated with

Answer 57

pKa

Question 58

potency is associated with

Answer 58

lipid soluble

Question 59

duration of action is associated with

Answer 59

protien binding