Logic 3

Question 1

The arguer attempts to support a conclusion by merely evoking pity from the reader

Answer 1

Appeal to pity or argumentum ad misericordiam

Question 2

The conclusion of an argument depends on the fact that a word or phrase is used

Answer 2

Equivocation

Question 3

Because the parts have a certain attribute it follows that the whole must have it

Answer 3

Composition

Question 4

Either or statement with two unlikely alternatives

Answer 4

False dichotomy

Question 5

From whole to parts. The conclusion depends on the transference of an attribute from a whole or a class onto its parts

Answer 5

Division

Question 6

The authority may lack credibility

Answer 6

Appeal to unqualified authority or argumentum ad verecundiam

Question 7

Incapable of being proved or not yet proved so it’s dismissed

Answer 7

Appeal to ignorance or argumentum ad ignorantiam

Question 8

Uses desires like love esteem and value to get the reader to accept conclusion

Answer 8

Appeal to the people/ argumentum ad populum

Question 9

Reasonable likelihood that the sample is not the representative group

Answer 9

Hasty generalization

Question 10

Distorts the opponents argument for the purpose of more easily attacking it, and concludes the opponents real argument has been distorted

Answer 10

Straw man

Question 11

When a general rule is applied to a specific case it wasn’t intended to cover

Answer 11

Accident

Question 12

Whenever the arguer poses a conclusion and tells that person that some harm will come unless they accept the conclusion

Answer 12

Appeal to force or argumentum ad baculum

Question 13

Involves two arguers. One advances a certain argument. The other responds by directing his or her attention to the first person instead of the argument.

Answer 13

Argument against the person or argumentum ad hominem

Question 14

Arguer diverts the attention of the reader or listener by changing the subject. Sometimes in a closely related way

Answer 14

Red herring

Question 15

Irrelevant. When the premises go with one conclusion then a different conclusion is drawn

Answer 15

Missing the point ignoratio elenchi

Question 16

Argument depends on analogy. Analogy isn’t strong enough to support conclusion.

Answer 16

Weak analogy

Question 17

Conclusion of the argument leads to chain reactions and there’s no reason to think it can happen.

Answer 17

Slippery slope

Question 18

The link between the premises and conclusion depends on some imagines causal connection that probably doesn’t exist

Answer 18

False cause.

Question 19

Argumentum ad verecundiam

Answer 19

Appeal to unqualified authority

Question 20

Argumentum ad ignorantiam

Answer 20

Appeal to ignorance

Question 21

Jane is in favor of increased safety inspections for planes. But Jane is the owner of a safety company & would beg millions if this new regulation went into law. Therefore there is no reason to increase inspections.

Answer 21

Argumentum ad hominem

Question 22

Obviously Rolex watches are the best! Look how few people can afford them!

Answer 22

Argumentum ad populum

Question 23

We should always respect people’s personal property. Therefore you should give that psychotic man his knife.

Answer 23

Accident

Question 24

So many people are on welfare. Therefore welfare must cause property.

Answer 24

False cause.

Question 25

Chickens are small, flightless birds and Americans love to eat them. Penguins are also small, flightless birds. Therefore Americans probably also love to eat penguins.

Answer 25

Weak analogy

Question 26

If we defund education, then our society will crumble. But we didn’t defund education. Thus our society will not not crumble after all!

Answer 26

Denying the antecedent

Question 27

If I study then I pass. I passed the test. Therefore I must have studied

Answer 27

Affirming the consequent

Question 28

Florida is a tropical state. Therefore many states must be tropical.

Answer 28

Hasty generalization

Question 29

Alex is in favor of vegetarianism. But I don’t think it is right to say that humans are no better than animals. This sort of thinking totally undermines humans. Therefore Alex is wrong in his beliefs

Answer 29

Straw man.

Question 30

You can’t prove that God doesn’t exist. Therefore it is reasonable to believe in God

Answer 30

Argumentum ad ignorantiam