Lower Limb Flashcards

(53 cards)

1
Q

Patella anterior surface =

A

Convex

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2
Q

Tibia connects with what

A

The femoral condyles

The Talus

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3
Q

Which bone of the foot only articulates with the leg bones

A

The Talus

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4
Q

What part of the Talus bears the weight

A

The trochlea

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5
Q

What bone of the foot can cause foot pain when rubbing in shoes

A

Navicular

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6
Q

What is the deep fascia

A

Like an elastic stocking

LIMITS OITWARD EXTENSION

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7
Q

What is the deep fascia of the thigh

A

Tensor facia lata

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8
Q

What are the thigh muscles categorized into (3 compartments)

A

Anterior Or extensior

Medial or abductor

Posterior or flexor

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9
Q

What do the anterior thigh muscles do

A

Flexes hip

Extends knee

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10
Q

The anterior thigh muscles are what

A

Pectineus

Iliopsoas

Sartorius

Quadriceps femoris

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11
Q

What are the medial thigh muscles

A

Adductor longus

Adductor brevis

Adductor Magnus

Gracilis

Obturator externus

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12
Q

The femoral triangle is a ____

A

Subfascial space in the anterosuperior third of the thigh

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13
Q

What ligament forms the base of the femoral triangle

A

The inguinal lig

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14
Q

What forms the medial side of the femoral triangle

A

Adductor longus

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15
Q

What forms the lateral side of the femoral triangle

A

Sartorius

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16
Q

What forms the muscle floor of the femoral triangle

A

Iliopsoas (laterally)

Pectineus (medically)

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17
Q

What forms the roof of the femoral triangle

A

Fascia lata skin ect

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18
Q

What is the retro inguinal space

A

Important passageway connecting truck and abdominopelvic

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19
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial

A

Femoral nerve

Femoral artery

Femoral vein

Femoral canal

Lymph nodes

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20
Q

Femoral never

A

L2-L4

Largest branch of lumbar plexus

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21
Q

Obturator nerve

A

L2-L4

Medial border of psoa major enters thigh through obturator foramen

SUPPLIES ADDUCTOR GROUP

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22
Q

What is the popliteal fossa

A

Fat filled diamond
Back of knee
Important vessels and nerves pass through

23
Q

What is the popliteal fossa bounded by

A
Biceps femoris
Semi membranous 
Gastrocnemius 
Skin 
Popliteal surface of femur
24
Q

The popliteal fossa contains what nerves

A

Tibial and common fibular nerves

And fat

25
What are the three compartments of the leg
Anterior OR dorsiflexor (extensor) Posterior OR plantarfelxion (flexor) Lateral OR Evertor
26
What are the four muscles of the anterior leg
Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorm longus Extensor hallusis longus Fibularis Tertius
27
What is the neeve of the anterior compartment of the leg
Deep fibular nerve
28
What are the two muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg
Fibularis longus and brevis
29
What is the nerve of the lateral leg muscles
Superficial fibular nerve
30
What is the largest compartment of the leg
Posterior
31
What are the superficial posterior leg muscles
Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris
32
What is the tricep surae
The three headed muscle of the gastrocnemius and the soleus attaching at the calcaneal tendon
33
What does the triceps surae do
Elevated the heal
34
What are the four muscles of the deep leg group
Popliteus Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior
35
Tibialis posterior and anterior can work together as ....
Synergists
36
Tibial nerve
L4 L5 S1-S3 Terminal branch of sciatic nerve Supplies posterior leg muscles
37
What do plantar muscles resist
Forces that tend to reduce the longitudinal arch Keep your arch of the foot up
38
Adductor hallucis most important action
The push off phase of a stance
39
Plantar interossei
ADduct (PAD) | Arise from a single metatarsal as a pennate muscle
40
Dorsal interossei
ABduct (DAB) Arise from two metatarsals so bipennate muscle
41
What is the gait cycle
Consists of one cycle of swing and stance by one limb while walking
42
What is the stance phase of the gait cycle
Begins with the heel strike when the heal hits the ground and gets all the body weight which ends up with the push off phase
43
What is the swing phase of the gait cycle
Begins after push off Begins when the toes leave the ground and ends when the heel strikes the ground 40% of walking cycle
44
How is the hip joint reinforced
Anterior superior = iliofemoral lig Inferiorly anterior = pubofemoral lig Posteriorly = ishiofemoral lig
45
The iliofemoral lig prevents what
Hyperextension of hip
46
What does the pubifemoral lig resist
Excessive abduction of hip
47
What are the three articulations of the knee
Femorotibial | Femoropatellar
48
What are the four capsular ligs of knee
Patellar Tibial collateral Oblique popliteal Arcuate popliteal
49
Which is weaker ACL or PCL
ACL
50
What's the difference between medial meniscus and lateral
Medial is C shaped bigger posteriorly ATTACHES TO TIBIAL COLATERAL LIG lateral is circular smaller move more Popliteus separates lat men from fib co lig
51
What are bursae
Fluid filled sacs
52
Genu varum
Lateral knee Cowboy Decreased Q angle
53
Genu Valgum
Medial knee Increased Q angle