Lower limb II

Question 1

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 1

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallicus longus
Fibularis tertius

Question 2

Name A-G

Answer 2

A- tibialis anterior
B- extensor digitorum longus
C- extensor hallicus longus
D- superior extensor retinaculum
E- lateral malleolus
F- Inferior extensor retinaculum
G- Medial malleolus

Question 3

Function of tibialis anterior

Answer 3

Dorsiflexion of the ankle
Inversion of foot

Question 4

Function of extensor digitorum longus

Answer 4

Extension of the 4 phalanges
Dorsiflexion of the ankle

Question 5

Function of extensor hallicus longus

Answer 5

Extension of the 1st phalanx
Dorsiflexion of the ankle

Question 6

Function of fibularis tertius

Answer 6

Dorsiflexion of the ankle
aids in eversion of the foot

Question 7

Innervation of tibialis anterior

Answer 7

Deep fibular nerve L4-L5

Question 8

Innervation of extensor digitorum longus

Answer 8

Deep fibular nerve L4-L5

Question 9

Innervation of extensor hallicus longus

Answer 9

Deep fibular nerve L4-L5

Question 10

Innervation of fibularis tertius

Answer 10

Deep fibular nerve L4-L5

Question 11

Where does extensor digitorum longus insert into

Answer 11

Middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits

Question 12

Where does extensor hallicus longus insert into

Answer 12

Base of distal phalanx of toe

Question 13

Which anterior muscles of the leg origin from the lateral condyle of tibia

Answer 13

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus

Question 14

Where does tibialis anterior insert into

Answer 14

medial cuneform and base of 1st metatarsal

Question 15

Where does fibularis tertius insert into

Answer 15

dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal

Question 16

What causes foot drop

Answer 16

Damage to common fibular nerve
Anterior leg is innervated by deep fibular nerve and it is responsible for dorsiflexion of foot hence damage to common fibular nerve -> unopposed plantar flexion of foot

Question 17

What are the muscles in the lateral leg compartment

Answer 17

fibularis longus
fibularis brevis

Question 18

Name A-F

Answer 18

A- Head of fibula
B- Fibularis longus
C- Extensor digitorum longus
D- Tibialis anterior
E- Fibularis tertius
F- FIbularis brevis

Question 19

Function of fibularis longus

Answer 19

everts foot
weakly plantarflexes ankle

Question 20

Function of fibularis brevis

Answer 20

everts foot
weakly plantarflexes ankle

Question 21

Innervation of fibularis longus

Answer 21

Superficial fibular nerve L5-S2

Question 22

Innervation of fibularis brevis

Answer 22

Superficial fibular nerve L5-S2

Question 23

Where does fibularis longus origin from

Answer 23

Head of fibula

Question 24

Where does fibularis brevis origin from

Answer 24

inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Question 24

Where does fibularis longus insert into

Answer 24

base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform (plantar surface)

Question 25

Where does fibularis brevis insert into

Answer 25

lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal

Question 26

What are the superficial muscles of posterior leg compartment

Answer 26

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

Question 27

Name A-E

Answer 27

A- lateral head of gastrocnemius B- medial head of gastrocnemius C- Plantaris D- Soleus E- Achilles tendon

Question 28

Function of gastrocnemius

Answer 28

Plantarflexion of ankle Raises heel during walking

Question 29

Function of soleus

Answer 29

Plantarflexion of ankle

Question 30

Function of plantaris

Answer 30

Plantarflexion of ankle

Question 31

Innervation of gastrocnemius

Answer 31

Tibial nerve

Question 32

Innervation of soleus

Answer 32

Tibial nerve

Question 33

Innervation of plantaris

Answer 33

Tibial nerve

Question 34

Where do the superficial muscles of posterior leg compartment insert into

Answer 34

Achilles tendon -> posterior surface of calcaneus

Question 35

What are the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of leg

Answer 35

Popliteus Flexor hallicus longus Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior

Question 36

Function of popliteus

Answer 36

Flexion of leg - unlocks the knee joint allowing flexion

Question 37

Function of flexor hallicus longus

Answer 37

Flexion of great toe at all joints Plantarflexion of foot

Question 38

Function of flexor digitorum longus

Answer 38

Flexion of the lateral 4 digits Plantarflexion of foot

Question 39

Function of tibialis posterior

Answer 39

Plantarflexion of foot Inversion of foot

Question 40

Name A-F

Answer 40

A- popliteal B- fibularis longus C- tibialis posterior D- flexor digitorum longus E- Flexor hallicus longus F- fibularis brevis

Question 41

Innervation of deep muscles of the posterior compartment of leg

Answer 41

Tibial nerve

Question 42

Name A-B

Answer 42

A- flexor digitorum longus B- Flexor hallicus longus

Question 43

Why is the medial meniscus more prone to tearing

Answer 43

Because it is attached to the medial collateral ligament

Question 44

What is the unhappy triad

Answer 44

Injury of - medial meniscus - anterior cruciate ligament - medial collateral ligamnet

Question 45

Function of anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 45

Resist internal rotation of tibia and anterior subluxation of tibia

Question 46

Mechanism of injury of anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 46

Twisting mechanism - turning the upper body laterally on a planted foot

Question 47

Function of posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 47

Prevent hyperextension of the leg and posterior subluxation of the tibia

Question 48

Mechanism of injury of posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 48

direct blow to anterior tibia - dashboard injury Usually occurs with other injuries

Question 49

How does the anterior cruciate ligament attach

Answer 49

at the anterior intercondylar region of the tibia ascend posteriorly to attach to the lateral femoral condyle

Question 50

How does the posterior cruciate ligament attach

Answer 50

At the posterior intercondylar region of tibia ascend anteriorly to attach to medial femoral condyle

Question 51

Injury mechanism of meniscal tear

Answer 51

twisting force on a loaded knee