Upper limb II

Question 1

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior forearm

Answer 1

Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Anconeus

Question 2

Most of the muscle belly of brachioradialis is seen in

Answer 2

anterior compartment of forearm

Question 3

Name A-I

Answer 3

A- brachioradilais
B- extensor carpi radialis longus
C- common extensor tendon
D- extensor carpi radialis brevis
E- extensor digitorum
F- extensor digiti minimi
G- extensor retinaculum
H- extensor carpi ulnaris
I- anconeus

Question 4

All superficial posterior muscles of the forearm attach to

Answer 4

Lateral epicondyle
- except brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus

Question 5

What happens when the common extensor tendon is damaged due to repetitive strain

Answer 5

Lateral epicondylitis - tennis elbow

Question 6

Function of the superficial posterior muscles of the forearm

Answer 6

Extension of the wrist
Extension of the 4 digits - ED and EDM
Abduction (ECR) and Adduction (ECU) of the wrist

Question 7

What are the deep muscles of the posterior forearm

Answer 7

Supinator
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis

Question 8

Function of supinator

Answer 8

Supinates the forearm

Question 9

Function of deep muscles of the posterior forearm

Answer 9

Supinates the forearm - supinator
Extension of the thumb - EPL and EPB
Abduction of the thumb - APL
Extension of the 2nd digit - Extensor indices

Question 10

Extensor pollicis longus and brevis extends the thumb at which joints

Answer 10

EPL - all joints
EPB - CMC and MCP

Question 11

Name A-E

Answer 11

A- Supinator
B- Abductor pollicis longus
C- extensor pollicis brevis
D- Extensor pollicis longus
E- extensor indices

Question 12

Innervation of the posterior forearm

Answer 12

Radial nerve

Question 13

Name A-I

Answer 13

A- ulnar nerve
B- brachial artery
C- median nerve
D- ulnar nerve
E- ulnar artery
F- Radial nerve
G- radial artery
H- Anterior interosseous nerve
I- median nerve

Question 14

Name A-I

Answer 14

A- Scaphoid
B- Lunate
C- Triquetrum
D- Pisiform
E- Hamate
F- Capitate
G- Trapezoid
H- CMC
I- Trapezium

Question 15

Damage to the scaphoid bone is most likely to damage

Answer 15

Radial artery - dorsal part

Question 16

What happens if scaphoid fracture damages the radial artery

Answer 16

Can cause AVN of scaphoid -> non-union
More proximal the fracture, the higher the risk of AVN

Question 17

What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox

Answer 17

Radial artery
Cephalic vein
Superficial branch of radial nerve

Question 18

Borders of the anatomical snuffbox

Answer 18

Medial- extensor pollicis longus tendon
Lateral- Extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons
Floor - scaphoid and trapezium carpal bones

Question 19

What are the muscles in thenar eminence

Answer 19

Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 20

Function of the muscles in the thenar eminence

Answer 20

Abduction of the thumb - APB
Flexion of the thumb - FPB
Opposition of the thumb - OP

Question 21

Muscles in the thenar eminence are innervated by

Answer 21

Median nerve

Question 22

What condition can cause muscle wasting in thenar eminence

Answer 22

Median nerve damage - carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 23

What are the muscles in the hypothenar eminence

Answer 23

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

Question 24

Function of the muscles in hypothenar eminence

Answer 24

Abduction of 5th metatarsal
Flexion of 5th metatarsal
Opposition of 5th metatarsal

Question 25

Innervation of muscles in hypothenar eminence

Answer 25

Ulnar nerve

Question 26

Name A-J

Answer 26

A- flexor pollicis longus B- flexor pollicis brevis C- abductor pollicis brevis D- opponens pollicis E- Flexor digitorum profundus F- flexor digitorum superficialis G- Opponens digiti minimi H- Flexor digiti minimi I- Abductor digiti minimi J- flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament)

Question 27

What are the muscles of the hand innervated by median nerve

Answer 27

LOAF medial 2 Lumbricals Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 28

Innervation of the lateral 2 lumbricals

Answer 28

Ulnar nerve

Question 29

The lumbricals are attached to

Answer 29

the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

Question 30

Function of the dorsal interossei muscles

Answer 30

Abduction of digits

Question 31

Function of the palmar interossei muscles

Answer 31

Adduction of digits

Question 32

Innervation of the dorsal and palmar interossei muscles

Answer 32

Ulnar nerve

Question 33

Name A and B

Answer 33

Question 34

Name A-F

Answer 34

A- lumbricals B- flexor pollicis brevis C- abductor pollicis brevis D- opponens pollicis E- abductor digiti minimi F- flexor digiti minimi

Question 35

Name A and B

Answer 35

A- dorsal interossei B- palmar interossei

Question 36

Name A-J

Answer 36

A- proper palmar digital arteries B- common palmar digital arteries C- palmar digital artery D- Superficial palmar arch E- Deep palmar branch of ulnar artery F- ulnar artery G- ulnar nerve H- radial artery I- superficial palmar arch J- deep palmar arch

Question 37

Name A-J

Answer 37

A- posterior interosseous artery B- radial artery C- superficial palmar branch of radial artery D- deep palmar branch of radial artery E- superficial palmar arch F- palmar digital arteries G- common palmar digital arteries H- deep palmar branch of ulnar artery I- ulnar artery J- anterior interosseous artery

Question 38

Name A-D

Answer 38

A- superficial branch of radial nerve B- dorsal branch of ulnar nerve C- palmar branch of ulnar nerve D- Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve (also fingertips)

Question 39

Most of the sensory innervation of the posterior surface of forearm and arm is innervated by

Answer 39

Radial nerve

Question 40

The sensory innervation of pink areas are innervated by

Answer 40

radial nerve

Question 41

The sensory innervation of the light green areas are innervated by

Answer 41

Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve C8-T1

Question 42

Referred cardiac pain is often felt at

Answer 42

Posteromedial surface of the left upper limb

Question 43

Why is referred cardiac pain felt at the posteromedial surface of the left upper limb

Answer 43

Left limb because that is the side where the heart is located at The sensory innervation of that area of skin is by C8-T1 (medial cutaneous, branch of radial nerve, intercostalbrachial nerve) and the visceral afferents of heart enters that region as well

Question 44

The blue area is innervated by

Answer 44

Axillary nerve