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Functional Anatomy > Lower Limb Revision > Flashcards

Lower Limb Revision Flashcards

1
Q

Iliacus Action

A

Flex thigh at hip (trunk fixed)

Flex trunk at hip (thigh fixed)

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2
Q

Iliacus Origin

A

Iliac crest and fossa
Superolateral region of the sacrum
anterior sacroiliac and iliolumbar ligaments

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3
Q

Iliacus Insertion

A

Lesser trochanter and nearby shaft of femur

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4
Q

Iliacus Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve

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5
Q

Psaos Major Action

A

Same as iliacus

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6
Q

Psoas Major Origin

A

Bodies and intervertebral discs of vertebrae T12-L5

Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

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7
Q

Psoas Major Insertion

A

Lesser trochanter and nearby shaft of femur

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8
Q

Psoas Major Innervation

A

Anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves

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9
Q

TFL Action

A

Extends knee
Laterally rotates tibia
Aids in abduction and medial rotation of the femur
during standing - steadies pelvis on femoral head and steadies femoral condyles on tibia

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10
Q

TFL Origin

A

Iliac crest
anterior superior spine
deep surface of facia lata

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11
Q

TFL Insertion

A

Lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial band

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12
Q

TFL Innervation

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

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13
Q

Gluteus Maximus Action

A 
Extends thigh at hip
abducts thigh
elevates trunk after stooping
prevents trunk from pitching forward during walking anf running
helps stabilise femur on tibia
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14
Q

Glute Max Origin

A

Posterior gluteal line of ilium, on posterior surface from iliac crest to posterior superior spine
coccyx
posterior surface of lower sacrum
aponeurosis of erector spinae

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15
Q

Glute Max Insertion

A

Gluteal tuberosity of femur

lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial band

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16
Q

Glute Max Innervation

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

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17
Q

Glute Med and Min Action

A

abduct and medially rotate thigh

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18
Q

Glute Med and Min Origin

A

Most of the lateral surface of ilium between crest and acetabulum

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19
Q

Glute Med and Min Insertion

A

Greater Trochanter of femur

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20
Q

Glute Med and Min Innervation

A

Superior Gluteal nerve

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21
Q

Gemellus Superior Action

A

Laterally rotate thigh
abducts flexed thigh
SOmetimes absent

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22
Q

Gemellus Superior Origin

A

Ischial spine

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23
Q

Gemellus Superior Insertion

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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24
Q

Gemellus Superior Innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus

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25
Gemellus Inferior Action
Same as GS
26
Gemellus Inferior Origin
Ischial Tuberosity
27
Gemellus Inferior Insertion
Greater trochanter of femur
28
Gemellus Inferior Innervation
Nerve to Quadratus femoris
29
Obturator Externus Action
Thought to laterally rotate thigh in climbing
30
Obturator Externus Origin
External surface of obturator membrane | rami of pubis and ishium
31
Obturator Externus Insertion
Femur between head and greater trochanter
32
Obturator Externus Innervation
Obturator Nerve
33
Obturator Internus Action
thought to laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
34
Obturator Internus Origin
Ramus of ishium inferior ramus of pubis anteromedial surface of lesser pelvis
35
Piriformis Action
Laterally rotate extended thigh | abducts flexed thigh
36
Piriformis Origin
Anterior surface of sacrum gluteal surface of ilium capsule of sacroiliac joint
37
Piriformis Insertion
Greater trochanter of femur
38
Piriformis Innervation
Spinal nerves L5-S2
39
Quadratus Femoris Action
Laterally rotate thigh
40
Quadratus Femoris Origin
Ischial Tuberosity
41
Quadratus Femoris Insertion
Intertrochanteric crest of femur
42
Quadratus Femoris Innervation
Nerve to quadratus femoris
43
Adductor Brevis Action
Adducts thigh
44
Adductor Brevis Origin
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
45
Adductor Brevis Insertion
Linea aspera and spiral line of femur
46
Adductor Brevis Innervation
Obturator Nerve
47
Adductor Longus Action
adducts and medially rotates thigh | flexes thigh at hip
48
Adductor Longus Origin
body and inferior ramus of pubis
49
Adductor Longus Insertion
Linea Aspera of femur
50
Adductor Longus Innervation
Obturator Nerve
51
Adductor Magnus Action
Adducts and medially rotates thigh | extends thigh at hip
52
Adductor Magnus Origin
Inferior ramus of pubis | ramus tuberosity of ischium
53
Adductor Magnus Insertion
Linea aspera gluteal tuberosity medial supracondylar line of femur
54
Adductor Magnus Innervation
Obturator nerve | tibial nerve
55
Gracilis Action
Flexes and medially rotates tibia at knee
56
Gracilis Origin
body and inferior ramus of pubis | ramus of ischium
57
Gracilis Insertion
Medial surface of tibia just below condyle
58
Gracilis innervation
Obturator nerve
59
Pectineus Action
flexes and adducts thigh
60
Pectineus Origin
Superior ramus of pubis
61
Pectineus Insertion
Spiral line of femur
62
Pectineus Innervation
Femoral Nerve
63
Obturator Internus Insertion
Greater trochanter of femur
64
Obturator Internus Innervation
nerve to obturator internus
65
Quadratus Femoris Action
Extends Knee
66
Quadratus Femoris Origin
Varies
67
Quadratus Femoris Insertion
Patella tibial tuberosity lateral and medial condyle of tibia
68
Quadratus Femoris Innervation
Femoral Nerve
69
Rectus Femoris Action
Extends knee flexes thigh at hip flexes trunk at hip if thigh is fixed
70
Rectus Femoris origin
ilium at anterior inferior spine and superior margin of acetabulum capsule of hip joint
71
Rectus Femoris Insertion
Patella tibial tuberosity lateral and medial condyles of tibia
72
Rectus femoris innervation
Femoral nerve
73
Vastus Lateralis Action
Extends knee | retains patella in groove on femur
74
Vastus Lateralis insertion
Patella tibial tuberosity lateral and medial condyles of tibia
75
Vastus Lateralis Innervation
femoral nerve
76
Vastus Medialis Action
Extends knee | retains patella in groove of femur
77
Vastus Medialis Origin
femur at intertrochanteric line spiral line linea aspera medial supracondylar line
78
Vastus Medialis insertion
Patella Tibial tuberosity lateral and medial condyles of tibia
79
Vastus Medialis Innervation
Femoral Nerve
80
Vastus Intermedius Action
Extends Knee
81
Vastus Intermedius origin
anterior and lateral surfaces of femoral shaft
82
Vastus Intermedius insertion
patella | tibial tuberosity
83
Vastus Intermedius Innervation
Femoral Nerve
84
Sartorius Action
aids in knee and hip flexion, as in sitting or climbing | abducts and laterally rotates thigh
85
Sartorius Origin
on and near anterior superior spine of ilium
86
Sartorius Insertion
Medial surface of proximal end of tibia
87
Sartorius Innervation
Femoral nerve
88
Vastus Lateralis Origin
Femur at greater trochanter and intertrochanteric line gluteal tuberosity linea aspera
89
Biceps Femoris Action
Flexes knee extends hip elevates trunk from stooping position laterally rotates tibia on femur when knee is flexed laterally rotates femur when hip is extended
90
Biceps Femoris Origin
long head- ischial tuberosity | Short head- linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
91
Biceps Femoris Insertion
Head of fibula
92
Biceps Femoris Innervation
Tibial nerve | common fibular nerve
93
Semitendinosus Action
Flexes knee medially rotates tibia on femur when knee is flexed medially rotates femur when hip is extended
94
Semitendinosus Origin
Ischial tuberosity
95
Semitendinosus Insertion
Medial surface of upper tibia
96
Semitendinosus Innervation
Tibial Nerve
97
Semimembranosus Action
Flexes knee medially rotates tibia on femur when knee is flexed medially rotates femur when hip is extended
98
Semimembranosus Origin
Ischial tuberosity
99
Semimembranosus Insertion
Medial condyle and nearby margin of tibia intercondylar line and lateral condyle of femur ligament of popliteal region
100
Semimembranosus Innervation
Tibial
101
Popliteus Action
Rotates tibia medially on femur if femur is fixed rotates femur laterally on tibia if tibia is fixed unlocks knee to allow flexion may prevent forward dislocation of femur during crouching
102
Popliteus Origin
Lateral condyle of femur | lateral meniscus and joint capsule
103
Popliteus Insertion
Posterior surface of upper tibia
104
Popliteus Innervation
Tibial nerve
105
Fibularis Tertius Action
Dorsiflexes and everts foot during walking
106
Fibularis Tertius origin
medial surface of lower one-third of fibula | interosseous membrane
107
Fibularis Tertius Insertion
Metatarsal V
108
Fibularis Tertius Innervation
Deep Fibular Nerve
109
Extensor digitorum longus action
extends toes dorsiflexes foot tautens plantar aponeurosis
110
Extensor digitorum longus origin
lateral condyle of tibia shaft of fibula interosseous membrane
111
Extensor digitorum longus insertion
middle and distal phalanges II-V
112
Extensor digitorum longus innervation
deep fibular nerve
113
Extensor Hallicis longus action
Extends great toe | dorsiflexes foot
114
Extensor Hallicis longus origin
anterior surface of middle of fibula, interosseous membrane
115
Extensor Hallicis longus insertion
distal phalanx I
116
Extensor Hallicis longus Innervation
Deep Fibular Nerve
117
Tibialis Anterior Action
Dorsiflexes and inverts foot resists backward tipping of body helps support medial longitudinal arch of foot
118
Tibialis Anterior origin
Lateral condyle and lateral margin of proximal half of tibia | interosseous membrane
119
Tibialis Anterior insertion
Medial cuneiform | metatarsal 1
120
Tibialis Anterior innervation
deep fibular nerve
121
Gastrocnemius Action
Plantar flexes foot | flexes knee
122
Gastrocnemius origin
condyles popliteal surface lateral supracondylar line of femur capsule of knee
123
Gastrocnemius Insertion
calcaneus
124
Gastrocnemius Innervation
Tibial Nerve
125
Soleus Action
Plantar flexes foot
126
Soleus origin
posterior surface of head and proximal one fourth of fibul middle one third of tibia interosseous membrane
127
Soleus insertion
calcaneus
128
Soleus Innervation
tibial nerve
129
Flexor digitorum longus Action
flexes phalanges of digits II-V as foot is raised from ground stabilises metatarsal heads and keeps distal pads of toes in contact with ground in toe off and tiptoe movements
130
Flexor digitorum longus Origin
Posterior surface of tibial shaft
131
Flexor digitorum longus Insertion
distal phalanges II-V
132
Flexor digitorum longus Innervation
Tibial nerve
133
Flexor halluces longus action
same actions as flexor digitorum longus, but for great tow
134
Flexor halluces longus origin
Distal two thirds of fibula and interosseous membrane
135
Flexor halluces longus insertion
Distal phalanx I
136
Flexor halluces longus innervation
Tibial nerve
137
Tibialis posterior Action
inverts foot, may assist in strong plantar flexion
138
Tibialis posterior Origin
Posterior surface of proximal half of tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
139
Tibialis posterior Insertion
navicular medial cuneiform metatarsal II-V
140
Tibialis posterior Innervation
Tibial Nerve
141
Fibularis Brevis Action
Maintains concavity of sole during toe off and tiptoeing | may evert foot
142
Fibularis Brevis origin
Lateral surface of distal two thirds of fibula
143
Fibularis Brevis insertion
Base of metatarsal V
144
Fibularis Brevis innervation
superficial fibula nerve
145
Fibularis Longus Action
Maintains concavity of sole during toe off and tiptoeing | everts and plantar flexes foot
146
Fibularis Longus Origin
Head and lateral surface of proximal two thirds of fibula
147
Fibularis Longus insertion
Medial cuneiform | Metatarsal 1
148
Fibularis Longus innervation
Superficial fibular nerve

Functional Anatomy (13 decks)

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