Lung

Question 1

Drugs causing pulmonar fibrosis:

6

Answer 1

CYCLOphosphamide

CARmustine

BUSulphan

methoTRUCKsate

aminoDaRON

BLEOmycin

Question 2

Neurogenic respiratory failure

در خون

Answer 2

Hypercapnic

Question 3

Wich lung condition associate clubbing

Answer 3

Bronchiectasis

*chest physiotherapy could help

Question 4

Decrease inflammation in asthma

Answer 4

Montelukast

Question 5

Most common cause of chronic cough

Answer 5

Upper airway caugh syndrome

Question 6

Massive pneumothorax ttt

Answer 6

Chest tube

Question 7

Genetic of bronchial asthma

Answer 7

Contribution from HLA alleles

Question 8

Salbutamol effect on K

Answer 8

Salbutamol reduces serum potassium levels by increasing the shift of extracellular potassium into the intracelluar space.

Question 9

Possitive PPD test

without any RF

Answer 9

15 mm

Question 10

Most common cause of community acquired pneumonia

Answer 10

Streptococccus pneumoniae

Question 11

What week of gestation alveoli form

Answer 11

28 week

Question 12

Clinical sign associate with pulmonary HTN

Answer 12

Stroke

Question 13

Ethambutol SE

Answer 13

Blurred vision, eye pain, red-green color blindness, or any loss of vision (more common with high doses)

Question 14

Rifampin SE

Answer 14

Red urine

با هماچورى اشتباه گرفته مى‌شود

Question 15

Pyrazinamide SE

Answer 15

Gout

پری چشم گاوی

Question 16

After + PPD next step

Answer 16

CXR

Question 17

Cheyne Stokes breathing?

Answer 17

Increased rate and depth of breathing over a prolonged period of time

Question 18

Lung cancer, low PTH, high Calcium why?

Answer 18

PTH-related peptide

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent type of PTHrP-producing lung cancer. Tumor progression is usually rapid in patients with HHM. In the normal state, the serum calcium level is regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcitonin.

Question 19

Bronchiolitis treatment

Answer 19

Supportive care and monitoring

Question 20

Common manifestation of pulmonary dis in HIV

Answer 20

Pneumonia

Question 21

Reduce production of mucous in COPD and asthma

Answer 21

Ipratropium Br

Question 22

Inhale 3 nanogram cotton

Answer 22

Trapp in distal airway leading to fibrosis

Question 23

Common cause of bronchiolitis

Answer 23

RSV

Respiratory Syncycial Virus

Question 24

Initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis

Answer 24

INH, rifampin, ethambutol, pyrazinamid

*isonicotinic acid hydrazide

Question 25

Caugh during exercize ttt?

Answer 25

Inhaled salbutamol

Question 26

Most common cause of pulmonary embolism

Answer 26

Deep vein thrombosis

Question 27

Non smoker lung cancer,work in electricity generation cause?

Answer 27

Radon gas

Question 28

Ventilatorassociated pneumonia cause? (ICU)

Answer 28

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 29

Skin manifestation associated with cystic fibrosis

Answer 29

Acrodermatitis enteropathica

Question 30

What breathing pattern is observed after stroke?

Answer 30

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Question 31

Most specic test for tuberculosis?

Answer 31

AFB culture

Question 32

What cells give rise to lung adenocarcinoma?

Answer 32

Neuroendocrine cells

Question 33

Lung abscess ttt?

Answer 33

Clindamycin

Question 34

Streptomycin SE

Answer 34

Vertigo

Question 35

Cause of immediate death in burn injery

Answer 35

Inhalation injury

Question 36

Gold standard diagnose pulmonary embolism

Answer 36

Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the gold standard for pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis

Question 37

Obstructive sleep apnea symp (10)

Answer 37

1. Excessive daytime sleepiness 2. Loud snoring 3. Observed episodes of stopped breathing during sleep 4. Abrupt awakenings accompanied by gasping or choking 5. Awakening with a dry mouth or sore throat 6. Morning headache 7. Difficulty concentrating during the day 8. Mood changes, such as depression or irritability 9. High blood pressure 10. Decreased libido

Question 38

ARDS

Answer 38

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition where the lungs cannot provide the body's vital organs with enough oxygen. It's usually a complication of a serious existing health condition. This means most people are already in hospital by the time they develop ARDS Sepsis may be the most common cause of ARDS that develops several days or more after severe trauma or burns. Massive traumatic tissue injury may directly precipitate or predispose a patient to ARDS In ARDS, the injured lung is believed to go through three phases: exudative, proliferative, and fibrotic, but the course of each phase and the overall disease progression is variable

Question 39

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 39

``` Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs, digestive system and other organs in the body. Cystic fibrosis affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat and digestive juices. These secreted fluids are normally thin and slippery اتوزوم مغلوب ```

Question 40

Cystic fibrosis dx

Answer 40

To diagnose cystic fibrosis, doctors usually perform blood tests. They may test sweat for high salt content, which can indicate cystic fibrosis. If the diagnosis is confirmed, doctors may evaluate the condition with a chest x-ray, chest or abdominal CT or MRI, abdominal ultrasound, or sinus CT Cholorid sweet test

Question 41

HLM increase in which lung dis?

Answer 41

Increases in hemosiderin-laden macrophages (HLM) are reported to be observed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). According to a recent study, significant correlation between hemosiderin deposition in the lung tissue of IPF and pulmonary hypertension evaluated by echocardiography has been suspected

Question 42

Alarm sign in stridor

Answer 42

Cyanosis

Question 43

Bronchial carcinoma

Answer 43

Bronchogenic carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of the lung arising from the epithelium of the bronchus or bronchiole. Pathology. Bronchogenic carcinomas begin as a small focus of atypical epithelial cells within the bronchial mucosa There are four major cell types: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiated large cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma

Question 44

Asthema treatment stages

Answer 44

``` SABA: short acting beta2 agonist ICS: inhaled corticosteriods LABA: long acting beta2 agonist LAMA: long acting anticholinergic LTRA: leukotrine receptor antigonist OCS: oral corticosteroids ``` 1: SABA 2: SABA + low dose ICS 3: SABA + low dose ICS + LABA 4: SABA + med high dose ICS + LABA + LTRA 5: SABA + anti igE + anti IL5 + Macrolids

Question 45

Byssinosis

Answer 45

Byssinosis is a disease of the lungs. It is caused by breathing in cotton dust or dusts from other vegetable fibers such as flax, hemp, or sisal while at work The symptoms of byssinosis are similar to asthma and include tightness in the chest, wheezing, and coughing. ... If you have a severe case, you may experience flu-like symptoms

Question 46

What is an NIV mask?

Answer 46

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is the use of breathing support administered through a face mask, nasal mask, or a helmet. Air, usually with added oxygen, is given through the mask under positive pressure; generally the amount of pressure is alternated depending on whether someone is breathing in or out.

Question 47

Arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)

Answer 47

The rate of oxygen diffusion across the alveoli-capillary membrane in addition to a faster and easier elimination of CO2, assures that capillary PaO2 is almost equal to the alveolar PAO2 and during normal conditions (at sea level) it correspond to 75 to 100 mmHg 💯monitor of asthma in ER