Lymphatic System

Question 1

Where is the spleen located

Answer 1

In the left hypochondrium

Question 2

Function of spleen

Answer 2

Filter BLOOD not lymph fluid
Removes old RBC

Question 3

What supplies the spleen

Answer 3

Splenic artery from the Coeliac trunk

Question 4

What structures are related to the spleen

Answer 4

Stomach
Lung
Diaphragm
Ribs 9-11
Splenic flexure
Pancreas tail
Kidney

Question 5

What happens to the spleen if there is portal hypertension

Answer 5

Spleen may become enlarged due to back flow from hepatic portal vein back into superior mesenteric vein and into splenic vein

Question 6

What is the primary site of B cell maturation after leaving the bone marrow

Answer 6

Spleen

Question 7

What is the difference between yellow and red marrow

Answer 7

Red marrow is where erythrocytes are produced. Yellow marrow is when there is an accumulation of fat

Question 8

Where can red marrow be found in adults

Answer 8

Found in epiphysis of long bones,

Short bones
Flat bones,
Irregular bones

Question 9

What supplies the bone marrow

Answer 9

Nutrient arteries that pierce the diaphysis

Question 10

What type of bone makes up almost all of the adult skeleton

Answer 10

Lamellar bone

Question 11

What forms cancellous or woven bone

Answer 11

Hgih,y active osteoblasts in children or adults who are undergoing fracture repair

Question 12

What happens to bone marrow as we age

Answer 12

Yellow marrow replaces red marrow

Question 13

Where is the thymus locates

Answer 13

Anterior and superior to the heart

Extends between the thyroid gland (superiorly) and fourth costal cartilage (inferiorly) within the superior mediastinum and anterior part of inferior mediastinum.

Question 14

How many lobes does the thymus have

Answer 14

2 connected by an isthmus

Question 15

Function of the thymus

Answer 15

Maturation and education of T cells via positive and negative selection

Question 16

What is the histological divisions of the thymus

Answer 16

Cortex and medulla

Question 17

What 2 structures are the thymus related to

Answer 17

Thyroid gland and 4th costal cartilage

Question 18

What supplies the thymus

Answer 18

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries
Internal thoracic arteries

Question 19

What drains the thymus

Answer 19

Internal thoracic, thyroid veins -> left brachiocephallic -> superior vena cava

Question 20

What is in the white pulp of the spleen

Answer 20

White bloood cells like T cells and B cells
Lymphoid nodules

Question 21

Germinal centres

Answer 21

Hubs for T cells and B cells communication

Question 22

What is found in the red pulp

Answer 22

Macrophages to destroy old rbc
Venous sinusoids

Question 23

White pulp blood supply

Answer 23

Splenic artery -> trabeculae arteries -> central arteriole -> lymphoid nodules with germinal centres

Question 24

Red pulp blood supply

Answer 24

Venous sinusoids

Question 25

Where are the palatine tonsils located

Answer 25

Lateral wall of the Oropharynx

Question 26

Blood supply of palatine tonsils

Answer 26

Branches of the external carotid artery

Question 27

Lingual tonsil location

Answer 27

Dorsal surface of the posterior 1/3 of tongue Stratified squamous

Question 28

Blood supply of tongue

Answer 28

Lingual artery

Question 29

Extrinsic muscles of tongue

Answer 29

Hyoglossus Palatoglossus Styloglossus’ Genioglossus

Question 30

Where does the lingual artery originate from

Answer 30

External carotid artery

Question 31

What drains the tongue

Answer 31

Deep lingual vein Dorsal lingual vein

Question 32

What is MALT

Answer 32

Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue MALT

Question 33

Where is MALT found

Answer 33

Mucosa of pharynx gut bronchus etc Eg. Peyers patches in ileum Sites of recurrent pathogen infection and detection

Question 34

Where are peyers patches in the ileum

Answer 34

In the lamina propria extending into Submucosa

Question 35

Where is the appendix located

Answer 35

Posterior medial wall of the caecum where the taeni coli converge

Question 36

3 functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 36

1. Immune surveillance 2. Return fluid to heart 3. Helps large molecules like hormones and lipids enter blood through lacteal

Question 37

What is lymph

Answer 37

Lymph is a c,ear fluid with three components (interstitial fluid, chyle and white blood cells)