M2: Counseling Skills for doctors

Question 1

8 Basic counseling skills

Answer 1

1. Listening
2. Attending
3. Bracketing
4. Leading
5. Reflecting content
6. Reflecting feelings
7. Reflecting experiences
8. Probes

Question 2

a way of looking and dealing with a patient in which the doctor counselor, without condition (chooses to believe that there’s a good person inside the patient)- regardless of the external qualities of the patient

Answer 2

Unconditional Positive Regard

Question 3

the ability to put oneself in the shoes of another person such that one can see the world from
the eyes of the other and as a result, one can feel what the other person is feeling

Answer 3

Empathy

Question 4

(Consistency) in the doctor-counselor’s feeling actions and words

Answer 4

Congruence

Question 5

a certain (approachability and willingness) to be open to the client

Answer 5

Warmth and genuineness

Question 6

(clear and explicit) in his dealings with the client

Answer 6

Concreteness

Question 7

it is helping the client (Identify present) thought and feelings

Answer 7

Immediacy

Question 8

DON’TS IN THE COUNSELING RELATIONSHIP (G2K)

Answer 8

• Don’t ask “why” questions
• Don’t use “should” and “ought’s”
• Don’t blame
• Don’t invalidate the client’s feeling
• Don’t automatically compare

Question 9

metaphorically, this is a matter of (making space) in
one’s mind and one’s heart in order to be able to truly empathize and see the world from the point of
view of the patient

Answer 9

Bracketing

Question 10

Involves (suspending one’s own judgments and feelings and then putting them aside) for a while in order to be able to listen more fully to the patient

Answer 10

Bracketing

Question 11

refers to the non-verbal of the doctor-counselor. All non-verbal must convey a (message of openness and willingness) to listen and understand what the patient is saying

Answer 11

Attending

Question 12

Types of leading

Answer 12

1. Indirect lead

2. Direct Lead

Question 13

invitation by the doctor-counselor to the patient to (talk about whatever concerns him)

Answer 13

Indirect lead

Question 14

the doctor/counselor chooses direction

in which to go

Answer 14

Direct lead

Question 15

(paraphrasing) in a form of a question

Answer 15

Perception checking

Question 16

oftentimes the patient says a lot of things and behaves in a way that (reflects what he feels), but he never overly states the feelings

Answer 16

Reflecting feelings

Question 17

oftentimes the patient does a lot of non-verbal communication which (reflects some emotional state), but the feeling is not articulated. The doctor counselor can mirror talk the non-verbal behavior back to the patient and ask for clarification as to what the behavior means

Answer 17

Reflecting experience

Question 18

opens new areas, focuses on selected areas
and delves more deeply into a patient’s total
experience.

Answer 18

Exploration

Question 19

An inquiry which aims to know the patient’s private, subjective experience of health and illness

Answer 19

Open-ended, spontaneous inquiry

Question 20

TWO PROCESS OF EXPLORATION

Answer 20

1. Focused exploration (interrogative questioning)

2. Patient Cue Exploration (following through in exploring a patient cue)

Question 21

Direct and lead the search for information regarding pertinent aspects of a patient’s health story and current needs for care

Answer 21

PLANNED EXPLORATION

Question 22

Pick up and follow through in (exploring a patient cue) indirect disguised ways

Answer 22

SPONTANEOUS EXPLORATION

Question 23

Repetition of key words or phrases

Answer 23

One-word phrase

Question 24

(Explicit requests) for information or elaboration, although a specific topic is often introduced

Answer 24

Gentle commands

Question 25

Provide a broad introduction to topics for discussion. Sometimes referred to as “indirect questions”

Answer 25

Open-ended statements

Question 26

Pitfalls in the Use of Probing Skills (G2K)

Answer 26

* Confuse the patient * Shifts the focus of interaction * Shows an overbearing position of authority * Continuous questions in succession would not give time for the patient to reply * “Why” question

Question 27

6 MOST COMMON BARRIER

Answer 27

1. Distraction 2. Preoccupation 3. Too focused on Details 4. The topic 5. Rebuttal tendency 6. The speaker

Question 28

3 TIPS TO IMPROVE LISTENING SKILLS

Answer 28

1. Show people they matter. 2. Listen to understand not to respond. 3. Show the speaker you are following along.

Question 29

equal worth, absence of blame, non-defensiveness and closeness, it is a frame of mind rather than a skill, developed through being honest with oneself and being prepared to be open with others.

Answer 29

Warmth

Question 30

involves helping the client put into works those things that are just being hinted

Answer 30

Concreteness

Question 31

Current issues are addressed and problem solving can relate directly to (present day issues)

Answer 31

Immediacy

Question 32

How do you reflect content?

Answer 32

By paraphrasing or paraphrasing in a form of a question (Like is this what you mean)

Question 33

Asking "You love your wife and her attentiveness to your needs, but the attentiveness also irritates you, doesn’t it?" is an example of

Answer 33

Reflecting feelings

Question 34

Asking "While you were talking about your wife, I noticed that you were clenching and unclenching your fist. What do you think that could mean?" is an example of

Answer 34

Reflecting experience

Question 35

“Tell me how are you feeling” is an example of..

Answer 35

prompt

Question 36

Statements like “ so your worried about…’ or .. “and when you are in pain you usually…”. Is an example of

Answer 36

Finish the sentence

Question 37

Convey messages that I’m with you, I’m following | what you’re saying, I want to hear more

Answer 37

Minimal encouragement

Question 38

Expressions like “uh huh”, “mm-hum”, and “yes”

Answer 38

Minimal encouragement

Question 39

Patient: My son won’t be visiting me while I’m here in the hospital Doctor: Won’t be visiting? Patient: Yes, he says he can’t stand the sight and smells of the hospital Is an example of?

Answer 39

One-word phrase

Question 40

“Have you been in the hospital before?”

Answer 40

Closed Questions

Question 41

“Do you wear glasses?”

Answer 41

Closed Questions

Question 42

“Is your wife coming to visit you tonight?”

Answer 42

Closed Questions

Question 43

“Do you have any children?”

Answer 43

Closed Questions

Question 44

“Are you feeling nauseous?” (to a patient | recovering from anesthesia)

Answer 44

Focused, Closed Questions

Question 45

“Do you ever get dizzy when you get out of bed too | fast?” (to a patient whose blood pressure is low).

Answer 45

Focused, Closed Questions

Question 46

“Which of these is correct”?

Answer 46

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 47

“How do you describe the pain? Stabbing? Pricking? | Spastic? Sharp or dull?”

Answer 47

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 48

“Tell me about your family”

Answer 48

Gentle commands

Question 49

“Can you describe that in more detail?”

Answer 49

Gentle commands

Question 50

“Tell me more”

Answer 50

Gentle commands

Question 51

“Let’s talk about that further”

Answer 51

Gentle commands

Question 52

“Tell me what its like for you to be in the hospital”

Answer 52

Gentle commands

Question 53

Go on, say what’s on your mind”

Answer 53

Gentle commands

Question 54

“So, this is the first time you are having surgery.”

Answer 54

Open-ended statements

Question 55

“I wonder how it is being sick when you’ve been so | healthy all your life.”

Answer 55

Open-ended statements

Question 56

“I notice from reading your chart that you had a rough night .”

Answer 56

Open-ended statements

Question 57

“You’ve been giving yourself insulin for years now.”

Answer 57

Open-ended statements

Question 58

→ “So you’re most worried about..” → “And when you are in pain you usually…” → “Today has been..” → “What you really would like to know is..” These questions are examples of

Answer 58

Finishing the sentence statements

Question 59

“If I were in your place, I’d be angry.”

Answer 59

Self-disclosure

Question 60

“I don’t handle pain all that well.”

Answer 60

Self-disclosure

Question 61

“I guess I’d be wondering, what is wrong with me.”

Answer 61

Self-disclosure

Question 62

Sometimes the most effective way to encourage patients to explore their experiences with doctors, is for us to share our own thoughts with the patient

Answer 62

Self-disclosure

Question 63

Instead of completing a sentence the doctor begins it, then trails off with an expectation that the patient will finish the sentence

Answer 63

Finishing the sentence statements

Question 64

“How did you sleep last night?”

Answer 64

Open-ended questions

Question 65

“What worries you about the surgery?”

Answer 65

Open-ended questions

Question 66

“What was your life like before you became ill?”

Answer 66

Open-ended questions

Question 67

“How was your visit to the outpatient | department?”

Answer 67

Open-ended questions

Question 68

5 Pitfalls in the Use of Probing Skills

Answer 68

* Overuse can confuse * Shifts the focus * Shows too much authority * Continuous question ≠ patient to speak * “Why” question

Question 69

Means by which one person helps another to clarify his or her life situation

Answer 69

Counseling

Question 70

2 Aim of counselling

Answer 70

1. Free the person | 2. Empower the person

Question 71

6 use of counselling in medicine

Answer 71

1. Help describe symptoms 2. Help in emotion 3. Help is crises 4. Help in empowering 5. Help is advise (HIV) 6. Help manage health service

Question 72

10 Deficiencies in professional communication (G2K)

Answer 72

1. Fail to greet patient 2. Fail to give easily available information 3. Fail to seek clarification 4. Fail to check understanding 5. Fail to encourage questions 6. Fail to spot verbal clues 7. Fail to tackle personal situation of patients 8. Fail to get info about patient's feelings 9. Failure to make a comfortable environment 10. Fail to use hypothesis testing

Question 73

sounding board for their ideas plans or suggestions, requires listening and empathic understanding

Answer 73

Supportive counseling

Question 74

information about the nature of their health or the lack of it which accurate and understandable

Answer 74

Informative counselling

Question 75

this happens in a trainer-trainee relationship or a teacher-student relationship, wherein the teacher is not just concerned about the objective part of the relationship but some personal matters as well.

Answer 75

Educational counseling

Question 76

the manager who has also a counselor role has to learn to step back a little and allow the other person to find solutions to his or her own problems.

Answer 76

Management counselling

Question 77

undertaken to help someone after a major trauma

Answer 77

Post traumatic counseling

Question 78

4 main task of post traumatic counseling

Answer 78

1. Help in accepting reality 2. Help know that their reaction is normal 3. Help them adjust and adopt 4. Help them redirect their emotions

Question 79

spiritual distress as the result of a total inability to invest life with meaning. It can be demotivating, painful, and can cause anguish to the sufferer.

Answer 79

Counselling in spiritual distress

Question 80

this occurs of sensitive discussions with the client- the very nature of the material under discussion is painful and brings to surface a great deal of bottled up feelings

Answer 80

Counselling in Emotional Distress

Question 81

suggest or recommend a particular line of action

Answer 81

Prescriptive Intervention

Question 82

practical suggestions how to increase mobility with the use of the wheelchair is an example of which intervention?

Answer 82

Prescriptive Intervention

Question 83

counselor (informs or instructs the client), information is best limited to concrete situations, practical issues

Answer 83

Informative intervention

Question 84

"you will probably find that you will have some discomfort in your leg for 3 weeks" is an example of which intervention?

Answer 84

Informative intervention

Question 85

challenge the client in some way or draw their attention to a particular type of repetitive behavior

Answer 85

Confronting Intervention

Question 86

"I notice that you frequently complain about the way your wife talks to you." is an example of which intervention?

Answer 86

Confronting Intervention

Question 87

enable the client to release tension through the expression of pent up emotion. It should be the client who decides when if such release of emotion occurs.

Answer 87

Cathartic Intervention

Question 88

draw the client and encourage him or her to discuss issues further, thus any sort of questions is a ______. Most useful to the health professional.

Answer 88

Catalytic Intervention

Question 89

support, validate or encourage the client in some way e.g. I appreciate what you are doing

Answer 89

Supportive intervention