M3 Flashcards
(193 cards)
1
Q
What is hyperattachment?
A
Dogs who are only okay if their special person/people are around
2
Q
What is the issue with hyperattached dogs
A
Mgmt is a problem because they can’t be left with just anybody. They need their special person
3
Q
Are hyperattachment cases easy?
A
No! They are the hardest cases we will face
4
Q
How do we deal with hyperattached dogs?
A
split training into 2 segements
1) comfort around other people
2) Safety home alone
5
Q
Why do we split training into 2 segments when dogs are hyperattached?
A
Because getting the dog okay with other people is a critical building block to get these dogs through the SA training protocols. They need to be comfortable with at least some people.
6
Q
What method do we use with hyperattached dogs to help them feel safe being left with other people?
A
The spread the love method!W
7
Q
What is the spread the love method?
A
We encourage the special person to take a step back and encourage other people in the household to step up.
8
Q
What are some of the activities we can use in the “spread the love method”
A
Get other people involved with the dog in all the stuff the dog loves such as feeding, play, cuddles etc.
9
Q
How many people do we need to get on board in the spread the love method?
A
2 or 3
10
Q
Who are good people to recruit for spread the love
A
1) pet sitters
2) Staff @ daycare
3) large households - use other members of the household
11
Q
Why are pet sitters good in the spread the love method?
A
Good continuity, and smaller more personal setting than daycare. Often dogs do better when sitters come to there house but test it out because some will be better the other way around.
12
Q
What does the spread the love method require from the T?
A
LOTS of coaching for both parties! it will be hard!
13
Q
What else can we use with hyperattached dogs, as part of the spread the love method (which takes time to build the bonds)
A
Get the O to rank the exercise from least to worst, where the worst is home alone and the least worst is home with a special person.
14
Q
What will the scale of “least worst” ranking involve?
A
Not as stressed –> most stressed!
15
Q
What is the purpose of the “least worst ranking” exercise?
A
Use the least worst as your mgmt option!
16
Q
What is vital in cases of dogs who are hyperattached to O?
A
Medication. We must help manage their threshold when mgmt is stressing them out. This is a must. If we can’t keep the dog under threshold when the O is not around training will suffer enormously.
17
Q
What 2 protocols do we use for the frustrated dog?
A
1) Door is a bore
2) Gradual exposure protocol
18
Q
Is it okay to frustrate dogs, as we do it all the time?
A
No! frustration is unpleasent so we need to minimise.
19
Q
What 2 factors play a part in frustration?
A
1) Anticipation of event
2) Actual event
20
Q
What is frustration likely to be motivated by in dogs?
A
Us removeing from them things they want or are trying to attain.
21
Q
What is a great outcome to help decrease frustration
A
Repeated better experiences.
22
Q
What do we aim to do with frustrated dogs?
A
Repeated better expereices - leave for short enough times to show them it isn’t frustrating to help them build a new view that h/a time isn’t so frustrating after all. O comes back quickly there is no fomo!!
23
Q
What is the aim with frustrated dogs?
A
Inrease tollerance and acceptance of being alone using gradual exposure.
24
Q
Why aren’t we aiming for extinction bursts with frustrated dogs?
A
Its hard for the dog, hard for the O and what if we have it wrong and the dog is actually just scared?
25
What are the 3E's for frustrated dogs
Exercise
Enrichment
Expectation
26
Why do we heavily focus on exercise and enrichment for the frustrated dog?
Because this can help massively.
27
Why do we focus on expectation with the frustrated dog?
Because we are changing the expecatation to let them know o going out the door isn't always exciting and there isn't always something in it for them!
28
What else can help manage a dogs expectation (in relation to the frustrated dog)
Let them know - you can come vs you can't come
This could be verbal cue and gear cue (collar on vs collar off)
29
What is the door is a bore
Teching the dog the door is boring!
30
Why is door a bore a good protocol?
Dogs learn that the door is an amazing portal to exciting experiences! We are teaching them sometimes doors are boring!
31
The door it he biggest PDQ there is. T or F
True!
32
When do we start our SA protocol training with doors a bore
When O couldn't get to, or out the door in the initial assessment.
33
Where do you start the doors a bore plan?
Whereever you need to which is "what can the dog do now"
34
What are the PDS rules in doors a bore?
S --> repeat each exercise 10 x
P --> if you get to 10 and dog hasn't shown any fear
D --> on the step the dog shows any sign of fear
35
Why do we have stick in doors a bore?
Because it's really really hard to split the steps small enough so we do stick steps to play it safe.
36
What is plan B in doors a bore and which dogs would you use this for?
Dogs who find movement too triggering. You'd start each step stood still by the door then add movement back in
37
Is door a bore a good exercise for all dogs?
YES!
38
When else could you use door a bore?
O doesn't have time for full training
O can't get out the house because of household logistics (young kids)
39
Are puppies hard wired to suffer from SA?
We don't know but we do know it can develop very early on and we do know genetics will play a part. It's always nature and nurture!
40
But puppies can't get SA ...........
This is wrong! We KNOW puppies can develop fear very early on in life
41
When should we start SA T with pups?
It's never too early, it's never too late to start training. Start today!
42
Who should we use the puppy protocol with?
EVERY new dog to a house. We want to teach them how to be alone in that new environment
43
Why do pups develop SA in regards to genetics?
We have selected dogs to want to be with us for 30k years!!!! Its therefore no surprise some will struggle when we aren't around
44
Should we target new puppy O's?
YES! This is really important. H/A T should be up there with toilet training. New puppy O are a great audience as they want to do it right.
45
What interventions do we have for puppys
Crate/confinement training
Object permanence
H/a training
Tactics to avoid hyper attachment
46
Why do we Train crate/confinement?
We don't want the dog to have a negative experience, especially in the socialisation stage. Fear is easy to acquire and v hard to change
47
Why are pups receptive to crate T?
Becuase they don't have a long history of averise experience so most will rattle through training
48
What do we need to bear in mind with anxious pups when doing crate T
They will need more time on each step
49
Where do pups struggle most in crate T
When the O goes out of sight. Coach and help the O go slow here
50
What is object permanence
When an object goes out of sight it doesn't cease to exist!
51
Is object permanence innate in human babies?
No we teach them using peekabo & other fun games
52
How do we teach puppies things going out of sight doesn't mean they no longer exist
1) Puppy beekabo
Lightly and gently
53
What is stage 1 of puppy peekabo
Toy - gone briefly
54
What is stage 2 of puppy peekabo
Toy gone for longer
55
What is stage 3 of puppy peekabo
Kibble under a tub
56
What is stage 4 of puppy peekabo
O dissapears VERY briefly (furniture or doorframe)
57
What is stage 5 of puppy peekabo
Build up time out of sight
58
What is stage 6 of puppy peekabo
Hide and seek!
59
DO we know if puppies understand the concept of object permanence?
Studies show adult dogs do seem to understand the concept so we can extrapolate this to pups and assume pups can learn that when something goes out of sight is hasn't ceased to exist.
60
Do we use std h/a t protocols with pups?
Yes, we apply the same principals but we start with puppy peekaboo
61
When pup is successfully playing puppy peekabo how do we proceed?
Start official h/a T
62
What protocol do we start with with pups when they have mastered puppy pab
Door is a bore
63
After door is a bore with puppies where do we go next
proceed with absences
64
Do we use normal protocols in regards to time of absence with puppies?
Yes, we don't go in all guns blazing
65
Why don't we go in all guns blazing with chunky absence plans for puppies?
Puppies are still learning how to control frustration. This isn't preinstalled they have to learn how to do it!
Young pups are explosive when they want something
We risk sensitisation if the pup is afraid, or frustration turns into fear.
66
What can we use to increase the chance of success in h/a t protocols with puppies.
The SAFE protocol:
S - sleepy
A - all played out
F - full
E - empty
We have then met all the pups needs and they are more likely to succeed
67
If we proceed with h/a T using the SAFE protocol and the pup still struggles can we infer the pup has SA?
Well yes, it would be more likely something is going on here because we wouldn't be expecting frustration about unmet needs to be in play
68
What is a setting event?
Prior events or conditions (internal or external) that influence an outcome
69
IF you are sure the pup isn't anxious can you move to chunkier plans?
Yes but make sure you are cetain before you jump to the chunky puppy plans.
70
How can we avoid hyper attachment in puppies
Get lots of people involved and in the pups circle of trust. Include family, household members, friends, dog walkers, sitters, day care etc etc etc. use spread the love methods.
71
IS there a lot of new puppies o to do?
Yes!!!! Socialisaion is key, followed by h/a protocols behaviours can come later.
72
What can we do when O complain about lack of privacy with puppies?
Does it resolve with the SA protocols discussed above (crate/confinement T, object permance, h/a T, hyper attachment protocols) if no
Magic mat training
DS to O movement
73
74
How can we keep it simple for puppy O?
the first seven day protocol
75
Can we prevent SA?
WE don't know but we do know the good experience and avoidance of bad experience in the socialisation period is important
76
Can we guarentee that if O do these protocols they will prevent SA
NO. There are no guarentees in B. but it's the best chance we have so we should definitely try.
77
How do we address nighttime problems with pups?
It depends how they are presenting either:
a) Sleeping on the bed or
b) sleeping in a different room
78
ARe pups social sleepers
YES! and they would have been sleeping in close proximity to other pups before they came to your house They are social sleepers and we can give O permission to have them on the bed!
79
What should we normalise with O in regards to nightimte probs with pups
They are social sleepers
IT's normal for them to struggle to sleep apart
80
What about pups who are fine crated in the day but struggle at night?
They have learnt a "this is okay" "this isn't okay" distinction. normalise. Its contest specific learning. New tank syndrome!
81
What can we say to O who want to understand why there dogs are okay in the day but not at night
normalise then say if they are okay at other times we can help them be okay at night.
82
IF the O is adament they don't want the pup to sleep on the bed can we help them
YES!! We wll do a DS procedure to sleeping alone
83
What does the DS procedure to sleeping alone entail if the pup sleeps on the o bed currently
Where is the dog now, where do we want him to be and make sleeping stations in steps away from the o bed to the place we want them to be.
84
IF the dog cries or gets upset during the DS protocol what do O do?
GO TO THE PUPPY but don't bring it back to bed. Stay with the pup until it resettles then go back to bed. The night of 100 walks!!
85
Is sleeping on the O bed a causal factor for SA
NO!
86
What else can we do with pups with nighttime anxiety undergoing the DS protocol?
Magic mat training to their bed.
87
What do we need to coach in O doing nighttime protocols
go to bed early
you will lose sleep
stick with it!I
88
If the pup is not ok sleeping on their own in the day how do you proceed?
Start DS in the day time not the nighttime. Start with magic mat T then DS to o moving around.
89
IF the pup is already sleeping somewhere else how do we proceed?
The same way - but we may need to move the pup closer to the human bedroom for logical reasons!!
90
What is the biggest myth in SA training
The use of food in training protocols for SA
91
What is the reality regarding use of food in training. Is it the answer?
No! it's problematic.
92
What is one problem with using food in SA protocols in regards to dogs earing?
A good number of dogs with SA won't eat when they are fearful or homealone.
93
Why don't dogs eat when they are fearful?
Their digestive systms shut down.
94
What is a key sign of sep anx?
Not eating. This indicates they are over threshold.
95
Do under threshold dogs eat when h/a?
Not all of them! some without SA also don't eat when alone.
96
What is the other big problem with food? In regards to availability
Once it has run out or is not available the dog falls apart.
97
What are the dogs who are okay until there food runs out likely learning?
Food toy = safe, no food toy = dangerous. Food becomes a crutch and when its removed they cannot cope.
98
What is the third problem with using food? In regards to learning
Presumably the use of food would be to change the association with the alone time, but this is a huge, hard to define stimuli and the order of events would be problematic here.
99
What does good DS CC look like?
dog perceives scary thing starts --> Food starts --> dog perceives scary thing stops --> food stops.
100
What is critical in DS CC
The order of events.
101
What can happen with bad technique/ooe in DS CC protocols? I.e. 2 types of conditioning
backward conditioning
Simulteanus conditioning
102
What is common example of backwards conditioning in SA protocols when using food?
Kong comes out first and becomes the predictor of the scary alone time
103
What is the problem with ooe when using DS CC in SA Protocols....
When do we add the food? For good DS CC, we need the scary thing to start first. How do we then deliver the food in the correct place, ensure it remains throughout the scary stimuli, and then stop after the scary thing stops?
104
Why don't we just use remote feeders in SA T DS CC protocols
Because the feeder becomes the predictor of trearts not alone time
105
What is another problem wt feeders?
The can amp up the dog which is conflicting with what we want - a calm dog!
106
What context can food be useful in?
MGMT!!! We can use it as a mgmt tool for those dogs who see food as a safe h/a time. But ensure you are coming back before the food runs out.
107
If we use food for mgmt is the dog learning, or being trained?
No! It's mgmt only.
108
What is the myth about getting a second dog?
A second dog will heal the first and solve the SA problems!
109
Do second dogs help ease the first dogs anxiety?
There is some research which suggests a second dog CAN help, but its few and far between. The vast majority of the time no. It doesn't help.
110
In what scenario can getting a second dog help?
When a dog has lost his long term companion and developed SA as a result.
111
Is it an always that getting a 2nd dog helps a dog who has lost a companion?
No. It's a sometimes. For some dogs they find comfort in a new companion for others they can't replace the lost soul friend.
112
What should you advise O who aer thinking of getting a second dog?
Get a second beciase you want a second dog - not because you think it will solve the existing dogs anxiety.
113
What is a problem with getting a second dog
They both end up with SA!
114
What about confinement> Does that fix SA?
NO! we are just containing the problem behaviour in this instance, not helping the dog feel better
115
What can happen particularry with use of escape proof crate??
Learned helplessness
116
What do we need to educate O on about board and train for SA
Its not a good fit for SA
T who offer b&t are often confineing to a crate for 3 weeks & throwing in shocks for "misbehaviour" = shut down dog
117
What about the guilty look?
myth. This loo is most likely fear.
118
What did Alexander Horowitz study show about the guilty look?
dogs who've reacted or who've been punished for
things that the owner has done previously start to react fearfully when the owner returns, and
they might start to act fearfully even before the owner scolds them
119
Do dogs feel guilt when they display the "guilty look"?
No, studies show that dogs display the "guilty look" due to fear, often when they are scolded, not because they understand wrongdoing.
120
Do dogs act out to get back at their owners?
No, dogs panic when left alone. Their destructive behavior is due to anxiety, not revenge or manipulation.
121
Can puppies be "hard-wired" for separation anxiety?
Yes! Some puppies display separation anxiety from day one due to genetic predisposition or early-life experiences.
122
Can a puppy develop SA due to early negative experiences?
Yes, bad early experiences with separation before the socialization period can increase SA risk later in life.
123
Can leaving a puppy to "cry it out" worsen separation anxiety?
Yes! If a puppy is already predisposed to SA, ignoring distress can make the problem harder to fix later.
124
What are the three main categories of dogs reacting to environmental factors? Answer:
Watchdog Barking – Dogs bark but are not upset.
Anxious Barking – Dogs bark anxiously at everyday stimuli.
Storm/Thunder Phobia – Dogs panic during storms.
125
How do you determine if a dog's barking is due to anxiety or watchdog behavior?
If the dog barks at stimuli while the owner is home, it's likely watchdog behavior.
If the barking intensifies when left alone, it could indicate separation-related distress.
126
What are effective strategies to manage dogs reacting to external stimuli?
Use white noise or brown noise to reduce sensitivity to outside sounds.
Block visual triggers (e.g., frosted windows, curtains).
Ensure the owner works on reactivity training, as improvements can persist even when the owner is absent.
127
Why must environmental reactivity be addressed before SA training?
If a dog keeps reacting to external stimuli, it disrupts separation anxiety training.
Owners must create a calm environment to support training success.
128
Why might a dog show more reactivity when the owner is absent?
Some dogs may learn that it's safe to react when the owner isn’t around.
If the owner prevents or scolds the dog when they are present, the dog suppresses behavior at that time.
When alone, the dog may feel unrestricted and engage in barking or other reactions more freely.
129
What should we do if a dog is barking at environmental stimuli before we determine the dog has SA
it’s crucial to determine whether the reactivity occurs even when the owner is home.
130
How about storm phobic dogs?
Mgmt is key - never leave them
131
How can a second dog's reactivity worsen another dog's SA?
A reactive dog can trigger anxiety in the dog with SA.
Managing the reactive dog’s behavior can help the SA dog remain calm.
132
Why is storm phobia dangerous for dogs with SA?
Already anxious dogs can panic further during storms, worsening their distress.
Owners should monitor with a camera, intervene if necessary, and consider medication if needed.
133
How do learned behaviors impact separation anxiety training
Dogs don’t just react emotionally—they learn behaviors that help them cope with fear.
Some behaviors help them alleviate fear, escape fear, or stop the fear.
Learned behaviors can upend training, making separation anxiety harder to address.
134
Why might a dog continue barking when left alone?
If barking leads to the owner returning, the dog gets reinforced for barking.
The dog remembers that barking worked, so next time, it starts barking sooner and louder.
Owners unknowingly reinforce the barking when they walk through the door.
135
Why do some dogs develop destructive habits when alone?
Some dogs learn that chewing or destroying objects gets the owner to return.
Even if the destruction starts as an emotional response, dogs associate it with getting their owner back.
If destruction gets reinforced, dogs repeat the behavior next time they are left alone.
136
What’s the best way to stop reinforcing unwanted learned behaviors?
Use an incremental training plan with small increases in duration.
Progress slowly, ensuring the dog never reaches panic mode.
Owners must return if the dog shows distress, but should avoid reinforcing behaviors unintentionally.
137
Why is it important to avoid pushing a dog over its anxiety threshold?
If a dog goes over its threshold, it enters panic mode, making learning harder.
Keeping increments small and controlled prevents barking, scratching, or destruction.
The key is to prevent anxiety behaviors from occurring in the first place.
138
What are the guidelines for increasing TDs?
<2 minutes 10 - 20%
> minutes 5 - 10%
139
Are the increasing TD guidelines strict rules?
no!
140
When would you use the guildines for increasing TD?
When you are staring out with SA T
When you are starting out with a new dogW
141
When would you sway from the TD increases?
Dog doing consistently well, time after time
When you are working back from a regression
When a dog is on much longer durations and has a long hx of successful absences
142
When a dog is doing well consistnly, time after time what could this indicate?
May be a faster progression curve
143
How would we adjust the GL for dogs who do consistently well in SA H/A T?
Consider increasing in a more chunky fashion
144
How would we determine the increase in TD for a dog doing consistently well?
We'l look at the hx and look for "he could of gone longer" T sessions!
145
What are the key points in a dog working back from regression?
The dog already has a hx of successful H/A T and has worked through a DS program. The dog used to be able to do a long duration but no has had to drop right back.
146
How would we adjust TDs for a dog who is working back from regression?
Go to a 99% certainty time (this could be really low) and start there. Do at least 5 repititions of this TD before considering increasing again
147
Why do we wait for the dog working back from a regression to get back into the training groove before we start increasing TDs?
It's the outcome we are interested in. We want the dog to gain confidence and be like oooohhh this is that h/a stuff, this is actually okay
148
Are we starting from scratch with dogs recovering from regression?
NO! The learning is still there, we are just rebuilding confidence and going back over the h/a to get them back in the grove.
149
When a dog is on much longer durations and has a long hx of successful absences. how would we adjust the TD?
we might chunk up. This would normally be an O coming back for a top up session.
150
How do you know which TD to use?
1) GL when starting out
2) GL when working with a new dog
3) as you get more skilled look at T hx of each dog and use that to inform your TD progression
4) aren't sure? ask in the grad group!
151
What are the foundations for TD duration setting?
The standard GL!
152
How do you rate a session for P/D rules?
P = neutral
D = anxiety
153
Is there any okay option in PD rules? i.e. S!?
Not technically, but when working with clients we can add an okay option.
154
Why would we add an okay option wth clients?
If they are forced to choose between P and D they may P rather than D. Its client nature!!
155
What would the okay option represent?
Didn't do well enough to P but was pretty much okay so don't want to push!
156
What is JN guidelines for PDS to clients?
Aced it
Did okay
Struggled
157
What would we see in the Aced it options for T session?
Looks like your dog could have gone longer. no signs of anxiety. Next TD increase
158
What would the "did okay"option for T sessions look like?
Seemed very lsightly unsettled for a portion of the exercise. Ambiguous body language that did not escalate. Next exercise same duration
159
What would "struggled! look like for T sessions TD?
Showed anxiety, even slight. Next TD lower duration.
160
What is regression?
A significant and enduring drop back from a previously consistent time.
161
What is NOT a regression?
1) A few sessions where the dog struggles
2) a bad week or a bad run
3) natural, normal variation
162
Why do we coach normal natrual variability so hard with client?
Becuase they will automatically go to regression - which is emotionally loaded and can impact clients mood, ability and motivation to continue training. Counsel them on this before it happens.
163
What is normal, natural variation?
Early in training dogs will ping pong all over the place. This is normal! it's how brains work! we expect variability.
164
Early in training the dog will vary, ______________ will increase as training progresses
Consistency
165
what could a regression look like?
Dog doing consistently well at a given time (say 90 mins) then can't handle 45, 30, 20 or even 15.
166
What do we do when a O comes back and says help my dog has fallen apart?
We coach them sympathetically. We need to find an exercise that is DEFINITELY achievable.
167
How do we find a TD that is a 99% certainty?
look at the data and hx
168
169
when we are working back from a regression we want a TD that is ______% certain a dog will attain it
99%
170
How do we progress TD's coming back from a regression?
5 x reps of the 99% certainty TD
then slowly increase TD again
171
The bigger the drop.............
the longer you stay at the smaller durations before you chunk back up
172
What is the effects of a regression on a O
They sensitise to drops
They become alarmist and defeatist
173
How can we help consel O with regressions?
Get them into action mode
Normalise! and repeat! lots!
174
IS learning straight line?
NO!! New neural pathways are being created. The olds ones are still there and until the new ones are stronger the 2 pathways will be in competition. The old pathway can (and will!) win out.
175
What is a training scenario?
Different things/contexts that affect the ability to reach a TD
176
What affects how well or badly a dog will respond to alone time?
Antecedents
177
What 2 types of A are we working with in SA H/A T?
1) Triggers
2) Setting events
178
What is a trigger?
Anything that happens immedietly prior to the absence
179
What is a setting event?
Things that happen further back from the immediate A that affect how well/badly the dog does in SA T
180
How does the Parato Principle apply to A?
We already know the most common A that will affect how the dog does. Apply the 20/80 20% of the A's will affect 80% of the dogs!
181
What are the "parato" Triggers?
Time of day/day of week
Who is leaving
PDQs
182
What are the Parato setting events?
Changes in routine
Sleepy or alert
daycare/dogwalking (whats happened today?)
Exercise
Enrichment
Eating
Health
Situational meds
183
What is a good question to ask O when looking for triggers of setting events that may have affected training?
Was there anything different about today?
184
IF a dog wobbles in T what could we ask the O?
Is there any chance he went over threshold today? did the dog walker maybe drop him home early?
185
What does recallibrate mean?!
Don't keep trying!! Go back to the data and look at what time we need to D too.
186
What do we need to bear in mind about external S?
Is this a natural response or is the S causing increase agitation and anxiety
187
What is overwhelm?
A fight, flight, freeze R to a perceived "threat!"
188
What is a fight R to a threat?
Frustration - ARgh!
189
What is a flight R to a threat?
Avoidance!
190
What is a freeze R to a threat?
Feeling of dread, inaction!
191
What helps overwhelm?
ACTION! do something - something tiny!
192
How can we help counsel O about normal variation in T?
Good day vs bad day
normal!
normal!
Has anything caused this? dig into data
Tell the everyone things this and prewarn them it WILL happen!!
193
