M3: L-1

Question 1

What did Rutherford discover about the atom in 1911?

Answer 1

Almost all of the mass is in the nucleus / protons + neutrons and electrons orbit them

Question 2

What did Schroder get help to show in 1926?

Answer 2

Electrons exist in orbitals of defined energies

Question 3

What is the order of increasing energies of the first 9 orbitals

Answer 3

1s, 2s,2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s

Question 4

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 4

A shared pair of electrons between two atoms

Question 5

What is the 5 step procedure for drawing Lewis structures

Answer 5

1. Count the valence electrons for each atom
2. Assemble the bonding framework using single covalent bonds
3. Place 3 non-bonding pairs of electrons on each outer atom
4. Assign the remaining valence electrons to inner atoms
5. Minimise formal charges on all atoms

Question 6

What is a molecule called/ said to have when more than one Lewis structure can be drawn?

Answer 6

Resonant/ resonance