Macromolecule Test

Question 1

1:2:1 ratio of C:H:O

Answer 1

Carbohydrates

Question 2

Adenine

Answer 2

A type of nitrogen containing base in both DNA and RNA.

Question 3

Amino Acid

Answer 3

Carbon compound joined by peptide bonds; building block of proteins.

Question 4

Carbohydrate

Answer 4

Organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom.

Question 5

Cellulose

Answer 5

An insoluble substance which is the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibers such as cotton. It is a polysaccharide consisting of chains of glucose monomers.

Question 6

Chitin

Answer 6

Tough, flexible polysaccharide in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans and in fungal cell walls.

Question 7

Cytosine

Answer 7

A type of nitrogen containing base in both DNA and RNA.

Question 8

Dehydration Synthesis

Answer 8

A chemical reaction in which a water molecule is removed to complete the reaction.

Question 9

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Answer 9

DNA: contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce. Make up of DNA is random but the nucleotide pairs have to stay together and can’t mix.

Question 10

Deoxyribose

Answer 10

A sugar contained in DNA with one less oxygen atom than Ribose.

Question 11

Dipeptide

Answer 11

An amino acid chain linked by peptide bonds but with just two peptide bonds.

Question 12

Disaccharide

Answer 12

A carbohydrate with two monosaccharides chemically bonded together.

Question 13

Double Stranded

Answer 13

Twisted-ladder shape of DNA, formed by two nucleotide strands twisted around each other.

Question 14

Enzyme

Answer 14

A protein that speeds up a biological reaction.

Question 15

Fatty Acid

Answer 15

The building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat.

Question 16

Fructose

Answer 16

A type of carbohydrate that makes fruit sweet.

Question 17

Galactose

Answer 17

A monosaccharide with the same chemical equation as glucose but differs in the position of one hydroxyl group.

Question 18

Glucose

Answer 18

A monosaccharide.

Question 19

Glycerol

Answer 19

A carbohydrate that is used to link lipids.

Question 20

Glycogen

Answer 20

The stored form of glucose that’s made up of many connected glucose molecules.

Question 21

Guanine

Answer 21

A type of nitrogen containing base in both DNA and RNA.

Question 22

Lactose

Answer 22

A type of carbohydrate that is found in dairy products.

Question 23

Lipid

Answer 23

A hydrophobic biological molecule composed of mostly carbon and hydrogen.

Question 24

Maltose

Answer 24

A disaccharide formed by chemically bonding two glucose molecules.

Question 25

Monosaccharide

Answer 25

The basic unit aka monomer of a carbohydrate.

Question 26

Nitrogen Containing Base

Answer 26

Found in the nucleotide which is the basic unit of DNA and RNA.

Question 27

Nucleic Acid

Answer 27

A complex macromolecule that stores and communicates genetic information.

Question 28

Nucleotide

Answer 28

A subunit of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 29

Oil

Answer 29

A type of Lipid.

Question 30

Peptide

Answer 30

An amino acid linked by a peptide bond.

Question 31

Peptide Bond

Answer 31

Links together amino acids, an amide-type of the covalent chemical bond.

Question 32

Phosphate Group

Answer 32

Found in a nucleic acid and contains phosphorus.

Question 33

Polypeptide

Answer 33

An amino acid chain linked by peptide bonds but with many peptide bonds.

Question 34

Polysaccharide

Answer 34

A complex carbohydrate aka polymer of the carbohydrate macromolecule.

Question 35

Primary Structure

Answer 35

The sequence of amino acids linked together to form a polypeptide chain.

Question 36

Protein

Answer 36

Organic compound made of amino acids joined by peptide bond; primary building block of organisms.

Question 37

Quaternary Structure

Answer 37

The association of several protein chains or subunits into a closely packed arrangement

Question 38

Ribonucleic Acid

Answer 38

RNA: Guides protein synthesis.

Question 39

Ribose

Answer 39

A pentose sugar found in ribonucleic acid with 5 Carbon atoms, 10 Hydrogen Atoms, and 5 Oxygen Atoms

Question 40

Saturated

Answer 40

A saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all single bonds. In the diagram, it will branch off into like a 45 degree angle.

Question 41

Secondary Structure

Answer 41

Regular, local structure of the protein backbone, stabilized by intramolecular and sometimes intermolecular hydrogen bonding of amide groups.

Question 42

Single Stranded

Answer 42

RNA= single helixed

Question 43

Starch

Answer 43

A complex carbohydrate aka polymer or polysaccharide found in foods such as potatoes.

Question 44

Sucrose

Answer 44

Made up of glucose and fructose aka Sugar.

Question 45

Tertiary Structure

Answer 45

The overall 3D arrangement of its polypeptide chain in space.

Question 46

Thymine

Answer 46

A type of nitrogen containing base found only in DNA and not RNA.

Question 47

Tripeptide

Answer 47

An amino acid chain linked by peptide bonds but with just three peptide bonds.

Question 48

Unsaturated

Answer 48

An unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid in which there is at least one double bond within the fatty acid chain.

Question 49

Uracil

Answer 49

A type of nitrogen containing base found only RNA and not DNA

Question 50

Wax

Answer 50

A type of Lipid.