Macromolecules

Question 1

What is organic chemistry the study of?

Answer 1

Study of compounds that contain bons with C and H

Question 2

What is one way to form biological molecules?

Answer 2

SPONCH

Question 3

A type of molecule that can chemically bond with other molecules in a long chain.

Answer 3

Monomers

Question 4

polymers

Answer 4

Are chains made of monomers

Question 5

Word to describe the proccess of joining monomers to create large and complex polymers.

Answer 5

Polymerization.

Question 6

What type of reaction is a dehydration synthesis

Answer 6

Anabolix rxn

Question 7

what is an anabolic reaction

Answer 7

Makes things bigger, builds up things

Question 8

What happens in a dehydration sysntehis?

Answer 8

Water is released (dehydrated)

Question 9

How are polymers assembled in a dehydration synthesis?

Answer 9

Join monomers covalently

Question 10

Hydrolysis is what type of reaction?

Answer 10

Catabolic

Question 11

What does a catabolic reaction do?

Answer 11

Breaks down things

Question 12

What uses energy, catabloic or anabloic

Answer 12

Anabolic

Question 13

What are macromolecules?

Answer 13

Large organic molecules made of thousands of COVALENTLY bonded monomers.

Question 14

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Answer 14

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 15

What do all macromolecules contain?

Answer 15

C, H, and O

Question 16

What is the main function of carbohydrates for all organisms

Answer 16

Main energy source and structure for all plants

Question 17

What are the monomers of carbohydrates called?

Answer 17

Monosaccharides

Question 18

Examples of monosaccharides

Answer 18

Glucose, fructose and ribose and deoxyribose

Question 19

Examples of dissacharides

Answer 19

sucrose, galactose and maltose

Question 21

What is lactose made of

Answer 21

Glucose and galactose

Question 22

what is maltose made of

Answer 22

Glucose and glucose

Question 23

what do you call compounds with the same formula but different structure?

Answer 23

Isomers

Question 24

Examples of plysaccharides

Answer 24

Glycogen, starch, cellulose and chitin

Question 25

What does glycogen do?

Answer 25

Storage for glucose in animals (LONG TERM NRG)

Question 26

What does starch do

Answer 26

Storage for energy in plants

Question 27

What does cellulose fo?

Answer 27

Builds cell walls in plants aids with strengthening and felxibility.

Question 28

What is chitin

Answer 28

Cell walls in fungi

Question 29

What are the functions of lipids?

Answer 29

Energy storage, membrane formation and steroid function

Question 30

what are the Monomers of lipids?

Answer 30

Fatty acids + glycerol

Question 31

What are the Monomers of lipids also called?

Answer 31

Glycerids

Question 32

What are the polymers of your lipids

Answer 32

Fats, oils, steroids, glycerides ,fat-soluble vitamins and phopholipids

Question 33

Are lipids a form of long term or short term energy storage?

Answer 33

Long term

Question 34

How much more energy do lipids contain more that carbohydrates?

Answer 34

Double their amount!!

Question 35

If a lipid only had single bonds between carbons, what type of lipid is it? What state of matter is it in

Answer 35

A saturated fat, a solid

Question 36

If a lipid contains a double bond between carbons what type of lipid is it? What state of matter?

Answer 36

Unsaturated fat, a liquid

Question 37

What is the functions of your unsaturated and saturated fats?

Answer 37

Insulate + protect body and organs

Question 38

Are fats and oils long term or short term energy storage?

Answer 38

Long term

Question 39

What are triglycerides?

Answer 39

Fat that is found commonly in animals and plants

Question 40

Components of your triglycerides

Answer 40

Glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid chains

Question 41

Regulates fluidity in cell membrane

Answer 41

Cholesterol

Question 42

is cholesterol a steroid

Answer 42

Yes

Question 43

What lipid makes up your cell membrane

Answer 43

Phospholipids

Question 44

What is the function of proteins

Answer 44

involved with almost all cellular functions

Question 45

What are the Monomers of proteins?

Answer 45

Amino acids

Question 46

What are the polymers of your proteins?

Answer 46

polypeptides

Question 47

What is the most abundant organic molecule and most diverse?

Answer 47

Proteins!

Question 48

What are amino acids linked by?

Answer 48

Peptide bonds

Question 49

How many amino acids are found in nature?

Answer 49

20

Question 50

What do all amino acids contain?

Answer 50

Amino group, carboxyl group, and a unique R group.

Question 51

what do TWO amino acids bonding form?

Answer 51

Dipeptide

Question 52

Describe a peptide bond

Answer 52

(SYLUS) Strong and HELLA ATTRACTIVE

Question 53

4 organizational levels

Answer 53

Primary (Sequence of amino acids) Secondary (Folding of polypeptide chain) Tertiary (3d arrangement of polypeptide chain) Quartinary (Assocoiation of two or more proteins)

Question 54

What main elemtsn do proteins contain?

Answer 54

CHON

Question 55

What main elements do nucleic acids contain?

Answer 55

CHONP

Question 56

What are the Monomers of nucleic acids?

Answer 56

Nucleotide

Question 57

What are the polymers?

Answer 57

Nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)

Question 58

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Answer 58

Create STARCH, transmit and express GENETIC INFO!

Question 59

What do nucleotides contain?

Answer 59

They contain 5-carbon sugar and phosphate group + nitrogenous base

Question 60

What contains deoxyribose sugar?

Answer 60

DNA

Question 61

What is double stranded?

Answer 61

DNA

Question 62

What is the purpose of DNA

Answer 62

To store and transfer GENETIC information

Question 63

What are the nitrogenous base of DNA

Answer 63

ATGC (Adenine thymine cytosine guanin)

Question 64

What contains ribose sugar

Answer 64

RNA

Question 65

What is single stranded?

Answer 65

RNA

Question 66

What is the purpose of RNA

Answer 66

Codes for amino acids, messenger between DNA and ribosomes for proteins

Question 67

What are enzymes?

Answer 67

They are biological catalysts!