Respiratory System

Question 1

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Ensure that oxygen is brought to each cell in the body and that carbon dioxide can leave and be removed from the body.

Question 2

What are the two main requirements for respiration?

Answer 2

Surface area must be large, and must take place in moist environment.

Question 3

Why must the surface area be large during respiration?

Answer 3

for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to occur FAST ENOUGH to meet bodies needs.

Question 4

Why must respiration take place in a moist environment?

Answer 4

To make sure oxugen and carbon dioxide are dissolved in water

Question 5

Stages of respiration

Answer 5

Breathing, external respiration, internal respiration and cellular respiration.

Question 6

Two types of breathing

Answer 6

Inspiration and expiration

Question 7

Explain external respiration

Answer 7

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the AIR and the BLOOD

Question 8

Explain internal respiration

Answer 8

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between BODYS TISSUES and BLOOD

Question 9

Explain cellular respiration

Answer 9

Chemical reaction that provides energy for cellular activities

Question 10

What are the two parts of the respiratory tract?

Answer 10

Upper and lower

Question 11

What type of bone protects the lungs

Answer 11

Thoracic cavity

Question 12

What does the air pass through first?

Answer 12

Nose of mouth

Question 13

what do Nasal passages do?

Answer 13

Warm, moisten and clean incoming air

Question 14

What types of cells are found in the nasal passages

Answer 14

Ciliated cells and other cells

Question 15

What do ciliated cells do

Answer 15

Ciliated move foreign particles up to throat or nose

Question 16

Where is the nasal passage found

Answer 16

It is behind your nostrils

Question 17

Thin bones that project into the nasal cavity

Answer 17

Turbinate bones

Question 18

What do turbinate bones do?

Answer 18

Increase surface area of the nasal passages and are covered in cilia.

Question 19

What warms the air that passes through the nasal passages?

Answer 19

Blood

Question 20

Why is it neccesary to warm air ?

Answer 20

Protect delicate structures that are found in lower respiratory tract?

Question 21

Also known as the throat

Answer 21

Pharynx

Question 22

What does the epiglottis cover?

Answer 22

Glottis

Question 23

Is the epiglottis open or closed when not eating?

Answer 23

Open

Question 24

Also known as the voice box

Answer 24

Larynx

Question 25

How does the vocal chords makes sound

Answer 25

Larynx contract and air passes through narrow space causing vibrations

Question 26

What do the vocal chords do to make a high pitch or low pitch

Answer 26

Long chords create lower sounds, short cords creat higher sound

Question 27

After air passes the larynx where does it go?

Answer 27

Trachea

Question 28

Also known as the windpipe

Answer 28

Trachea

Question 29

What is the trachea strengthened with.

Answer 29

Semicircular cartilaginous arches that prevent it from collapsing

Question 30

Where does the lower respiratory tract start?

Answer 30

When trachea branches into bronchi

Question 31

SIngular for bronchi

Answer 31

Bronchus

Question 32

What do bronchi branch into?

Answer 32

Bronchioles

Question 33

Do bronchioles have c shaped cartilaginous rings?

Answer 33

NO

Question 34

What bronchi and bronchioles lined with?

Answer 34

Cilia and micus producing cells (Like your upper respiratory tract)

Question 35

How many lobes does the right lung contain?

Answer 35

three lobes

Question 36

How many loves does the left lung contain?

Answer 36

2 lobes

Question 37

What are lobes

Answer 37

Distinct regions of lungs that is made of lobules

Question 38

What is each lung surrounded by?

Answer 38

Pleural membrane

Question 39

How many layers does the pleural membrane contain?

Answer 39

Two

Question 40

What is found in between these two membrane layers?

Answer 40

Fluid

Question 41

How does the fluid between the two pleural membrane layers help them connect.

Answer 41

Adhere the same way a thin layer of water can cause two plates to stick together

Question 42

What do bronchioles end it?

Answer 42

clusters of tiny sacs called alveoli

Question 43

Where does the actual exchange of gases take place during external respiration?

Answer 43

Alveoli

Question 44

What is the alveolar wall surrounded by?

Answer 44

Capilarries

Question 45

What happens in capillaries around alveoli?

Answer 45

CO2 is dissolved in blood in exchange for oxygen

Question 46

What keeps the alveoli from collapsing?

Answer 46

elastic connective tissue.

Question 47

What are the two main parts of the body that helps with respiration

Answer 47

Diaphragm and rib muscles

Question 48

What separates the regions of the lungs from region of stomach and liver

Answer 48

Diaphragm

Question 49

What intercostal muscles are found between ribs and along the inside surface of the ribs?

Answer 49

Rib muscles

Question 50

What happens to rib muscles and disphragm when inhaling

Answer 50

Contract

Question 51

Does inhaling increase or decrease air pressure

Answer 51

Decrease

Question 52

Explain how inhaling has less air pressure

Answer 52

More volume but same quantity larger space. Molecules of of gas are farther apart and exert less outward pressure

Question 53

What happens after inhaling and how it relates to pressure

Answer 53

Exhaling, because air internally has low pressure and externally has high pressure. (Therefore air must go from high pressure to low pressure)

Question 54

What happens to rib muscles and disphragm when exhaling?

Answer 54

Relax

Question 55

How does exhaling increase air pressure?

Answer 55

Less volume means molecules of gas are closer together = high air pressure.

Question 56

Summarize how air pressure works in lungs.

Answer 56

Change in air pressure causes air to move from an area of high pressure to low pressure.