Male reproductive

Question 1

where is sperm made?

Answer 1

seminiferous tubules

Question 2

outer layer of testicles

Answer 2

tunica vaginalis

Question 3

foreskin aka

Answer 3

prepuce

Question 4

what does the epididymis do and where is it?

Answer 4

stores and matures sperm; sits on top of each teste

Question 5

characteristics of seminiferous tubules

Answer 5

tight junction: blood gets in just keeps specific parts of immune system out, compartmentalized, mature sperm in center

Question 6

as sperm mature in seminiferous tubules, where do they go?

Answer 6

toward the center (lumen)

Question 7

layer below tunica vaginalis

Answer 7

tunica albuginea

Question 8

what cells make testosterone?

Answer 8

interstitial Leydig cells (androgens) btwn seminiferous tubules

Question 9

2 other names for sustentacular cells and where are they?

Answer 9

Sertoli or nurse cells in the seminiferous tubules

Question 10

purpose of nurse cells

Answer 10

form tight junctions (blood-Testes barrier to protect from immune system), produce INHIBIN to inhibit sperm production, nourishment, produce androgen binding protein to keep small amount of testosterone available in Testes for maintaining spermatogenesis

Question 11

what promotes testosterone secretion

Answer 11

Luteinizing hormone; tell leydig cells to make testosterone

Question 12

optimal temp. for sperm

Answer 12

cooler than body temperature

Question 13

how many bands of erectile tissue are they and their names

Answer 13

3: 2 cavernosa and 1 spongiosum

Question 14

purpose of prostate gland

Answer 14

secretes bulk of fluid into sperm before it comes out

Question 15

crus

Answer 15

area below pubic hair

Question 16

flaccid

Answer 16

soft; arteries constricted, veins relaxed

Question 17

what makes bulk of semen

Answer 17

seminal vesicles

Question 18

prostate pH

Answer 18

acidic

Question 19

spermatagonium

Answer 19

immature sperm cells before mitosis

Question 20

mitosis

Answer 20

division into two spermatagonia

Question 21

meiosis I

Answer 21

the spermatagonia mature into primary spermatocytes and in meiosis I, these divide each forming two secondary spermatocytes

Question 22

meiosis II

Answer 22

the two (per side) spermatocytes divide into two spermatids each (4 on each side), these mature into sperm cells

Question 23

the head of a sperm cell contains…

Answer 23

nucleus and acrosome (enzymes for egg penetration)

Question 24

acrosomes

Answer 24

enzymes for egg penetration at the head of a sperm cell

Question 25

the mid piece of the sperm cell have...

Answer 25

many mitochondria

Question 26

tail of the sperm cells

Answer 26

flagellum microtubules

Question 27

when do testes develop and when do they decent

Answer 27

develop in the posterior wall of the abdomen of the fetus and decent after 8 months

Question 28

what guides the decent of the testes through the inguinal canal

Answer 28

the gubernaculum

Question 29

inguinal canal

Answer 29

passageway between scrotum and abdominal cavity; closes after testicular decent

Question 30

spermatic cord

Answer 30

bv, vas deferens, nerves, cremaster muscle travel within testes

Question 31

epididymis means

Answer 31

upon the twin

Question 32

the bulb and the crura attach..

Answer 32

to the pelvic floor

Question 33

3 accessory glands in male reproductive anatomy

Answer 33

prostate, seminal vesicle (paired), and bulbourethral (cowper's gland- paired)

Question 34

three main functions of seminal vesicles

Answer 34

accessory gland makes bulk of semen; alkaline secretions to neutralize acidic vagina, initiate beating of sperm flagella

Question 35

what is a prostate gland (also position/pH)

Answer 35

accessory gland, slightly acidic, rounded (encircles prostatic urethra glandular tissue wrapped in smooth muscle)

Question 36

what and where are the bulbourethral glands/Cowper's glands

Answer 36

accessory gland at base of penis, adjacent to penile urethra empties into urethra lumen

Question 37

to make sperm, inhibin, and testosterone what hormone does the hypothalamus release

Answer 37

Gn RH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone)

Question 38

where does Gn RH go after released from the hyothalamus

Answer 38

to the anterior pituitary

Question 39

to make inhibin and spermatogenesis what hormone does the anterior pituitary release and to where

Answer 39

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to the sertoli cells in the testes

Question 40

to make testosterone, what hormone does the pituitary release and to where

Answer 40

luteinizing hormone (LH) to the Leydig cells in the testes

Question 41

what does the prostate gland secrete

Answer 41

secrete acid phosphatase, secrete seminalplasmin

Question 42

seminalplasmin

Answer 42

prostate gland secretes this- antibiotic- protection against UTI

Question 43

pH of bulbourethral/Cowper's glands

Answer 43

alkaline fluid to neutralize urinary acids in urethra

Question 44

what do bulbourethral/Cowper's glands secrete and why

Answer 44

secretion of mucus for glans lubrication

Question 45

prostaglandins

Answer 45

seminal vesicles- smooth muscle contractions

Question 46

what controls seminal vesicles

Answer 46

sympathetic NS

Question 47

what do seminal vesicles cause in vagina

Answer 47

fibrinogen (temporary clot in vagina)

Question 48

what do seminal vesicles secrete

Answer 48

bulk of semen containing vitamin C, prostaglandins, fructose, etc.