Respiratory Lab

Question 1

What happens to volume/pressure in thoracic cavity when ribs elevate and diaphragm depresses

Answer 1

Volume increases, pressure decreases

Question 2

Barometric

Answer 2

Atmospheric

Question 3

Atmospheric pressure normally

Answer 3

760 mm Hg

Question 4

Pneumothorax

Answer 4

Air gets into pleural cavity, atmospheric equalization, lung collapses

Question 5

What can cause pneumothorax

Answer 5

Puncture wounds, alveolar rupturing

Question 6

Total volume

Answer 6

Air breathed in OR out in normal breathing (500mL)

Question 7

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 7

Air breathed in OVER normal inhalation

Question 8

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 8

Air breathed out OVER normal exhalation

Question 9

Residual volume

Answer 9

Air remaining in lungs after forced exhalation

Question 10

Vital capacity

Answer 10

Amount of air you can inhale after forced exhalation

Question 11

Inspiratory capacity

Answer 11

Max air inhaled after normal exhalation

Question 12

Functional residual capacity

Answer 12

Amount of air remaining after normal exhalation

Question 13

Total lung capacity

Answer 13

Sum of all 4 volumes

Question 14

Formula for minute respiratory volume

Answer 14

Tidal volume • breathing rate

Question 15

Restrictive diseases

Answer 15

Make it difficult to get air into lungs; restrict inspiration

Question 16

Fibrosis

Answer 16

Restrictive disease; tissue btwn walls of alveoli is damaged

Question 17

Sarcoidosis

Answer 17

Restrictive disease; Granulomas associated with clumping and inflammation

Question 18

Macular diseases and chest wall deformities are examples of …

Answer 18

Restrictive diseases

Question 19

Obstructive diseases

Answer 19

Make it more difficult to get air out of lungs; obstruct/restrict exhalation

Question 20

What kind of disease is emphysema

Answer 20

Obstructive

Question 21

Chronic bronchitis and Asthma are …

Answer 21

Obstructive diseases

Question 22

Primary problem in obstructive diseases

Answer 22

Increased airway resistance

Question 23

4 examples of things that can decrease airway radius and cause obstructive disease

Answer 23

Tumor, edema, excessive secretions, bronchospasm

Question 24

COPD

Answer 24

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases

Question 25

3 COPD

Answer 25

Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis

Question 26

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 26

Inflammation of bronchial walls - decreased ciliated cells - mucus gland hyper trophy - increase in lymphocytes and leukocytes

Question 27

Chronic airway obstruction can lead to?

Answer 27

Hyperinflation of lungs---> increased AP diameter

Question 28

Emphysema

Answer 28

Bronchial enlargement, damage to alveoli, partial airway collapse, loss of elasticity in lungs characterized by difficulty exhaling.

Question 29

Who are typical emphysema patients

Answer 29

Elderly, heavy smokers, city dwellers

Question 30

What is emphysema characterized by

Answer 30

Trouble exhaling

Question 31

What machine measures vital capacity

Answer 31

Spirometer

Question 32

Determination of breathing rate

Answer 32

1 breath= 1 inhalation+ 1exhalation | In 3 trials count for 30 secs how many breaths you take. Average the 3 trials. Multiply by 2 to get breaths per min.