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Y3 Obs and Gynae Anatomy > Male Reproductive Anatomy > Flashcards

Male Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the male reproductive organs?

A

Testes

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2
Q

What are the male reproductive accessory organs?

A

Vas deferens
Seminal glands
Prostate gland
Penis

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3
Q

State the aproximate length of the male urethrs

A

20cm

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4
Q

Which muscle split the pelvis and perineum?

A

Levator ani muscle

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5
Q

List parts of the male lower urinary tract in the pelvis

A 
Ureter
Bladder
Internal urethral orifice
Internal urethral sphincter
Prostate gland
Prostatic urethra
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6
Q

List parts of the male lower urinary tract in the perineum

A

Prostatic urethra
External urethral sphincter
Spongy urethra
External urethral orifice

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7
Q

The internal urethral sphincter is voluntary/ involuntary, but the external urethral sphincter is voluntary/ involuntary

A

Involuntary

Voluntary

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8
Q

Which structures are located anterior, inferior and posterior to the bladder respectively?

A

Pubic bone (when empty)
Prostate gland
Rectum

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9
Q

State the name of the main peritoneal pouch found in males

A

Rectovesical pouch

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10
Q

State the name of the triangle shape on the internal aspect of the bladder

A

Trigone

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11
Q

List the components of the trigone of the bladder

A

2 ureteric orifices in the base (posterior)

Internal urethral orifice on the floor (inferior)

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12
Q

The bladder wall is formed mainly of what muscle? What is it’s functions?

A

Detrusor muscle
Fibres tighten around ureteric orifices when bladder contracts, prevents reflux of urine
Forms internal urethral sphincter around neck of male bladder, which contracts to prevent retrograde ejaculation

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13
Q

Outline the route taken by the testes during development

A

Posterior wall of abdominal cavity –> Inguinal canal –> Spermatic cord –>
Descend into the scrotum

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14
Q

List the components of the spermatic cord

A 
Testicular artery
Testicular vein
Vas deferens
Lymphatic vessels
Nerves (autonomic - vas deferens, somatic - cremaster muscle)
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15
Q

In terms of testis development, what is the significance of the spermatic cord?

A

Three layers of coverings gained as the testis pass through the inguinal canal and the structures contained within

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16
Q

Inside the scrotum, what sac do the testis sit within?

A

Tunica vaginalis (visceral and parietal layer)

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17
Q

Excessive fluid within the tunica vaginalis is known as a…

A

Hydrocele

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18
Q

What structure sits posterior to the testis within the tunica vaginalis?

A

Epididymis

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19
Q

Sperm is produced within the…

A

Seminiferous tubules

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20
Q

What is the function of the dartos muscle in spermatogenesis? Where is it located?

A

Smooth muscle that helps to control scrotal temperature 1 degree below core body temperature
Superficial fascia of scrotum

21
Q

Where does the sperm pass to after leaving the seminiferous tubules before reaching the vas deferens?

A

Rete testis –> Epididymis –> Vas deferens

22
Q

The testis and epididymis are attached to the spermatic cord superiorly allowing them to be mobile within the scortum. What is the clinical significance of this?

A

Risk of torsion which can disrupt blood supply to testis causing severe pain and danger of necrosis

23
Q

Outline blood supply to testis

A

Testicular arteries from lateral aspect of abdominal aorta

24
Q

Outline venous drainage from the testis

A

Left testicular vein to left renal vein

Right testicular vein to IVC

25
Q

What is the function of the seminal gland?

A

Produces seminal fluid, rich in fructose

26
Q

What are the functions of the prostatic urethra?

A

Drains urine from bladder

Passes semen in ejaculation

27
Q

What is the function of the bulbourethral gland (Cowper’s gland)?

A

Mucous secretion, lubricates urethra and neutralises acidity

28
Q

The inferior aspect of the prostate gland is in contact with which muscle?

A

Levator ani

29
Q

What is the function of the prostatic ducts?

A

Allow glandular secretions to drain from prostate to the prostatic urethra

30
Q

State the components of the ejaculatory duct?

A

Combined duct of vas deferens and duct from seminal gland

31
Q

State the zone of the prostate gland which facilitates the growth of most prostate cancers

A

Peripheral zone

32
Q

Outline the route taken by sperm from the vas deferens to ejaculation

A

Vas deferens –> Spermatic cord –> through deep inguinal ring turning medially in pelvis –> posterior to bladder –>
Joins with seminal gland –>
Ejaculatory duct –>
Right + left ejaculatory ducts join in prostate gland –>
Urethra –>
External urethral meatus

33
Q

State the process used in male sterilisation and describe how it is performed

A

Vasectomy

Vas deferens is transected and its lumen sutured closed bilaterally

34
Q

The anatomical position of the penis is erect. True/ False?

A

True

Anterior surface is underneath

35
Q

What is paraphimosis? How is it managed?

A

Retraction of the prepuce of the penis can constrict the neck of the glans causing swelling
Circumcision

36
Q

Outline the surface anatomy of the penis from superior to inferior

A

Root
Body
Glans
External urethral orifice

37
Q

The spongy urethra is for passing urine and ejaculation of sperm. True/ False?

A

True

38
Q

The root of the penis is laterally attached to which structure?

A

Ischium of pelvis

39
Q

Outline the cylinders of erectile tissue within the penis

A 
Corpus cavernosum (R+L) - posterior
Corpus spongiousum  - anterior
40
Q

What happens to the cylinders of erectile tissue during erection?

A

Become engorged with blood at arterial pressure

41
Q

What is contained within the corpus cavernosum of the penis?

A

Deep arteries

42
Q

What is contained within the corpus spongiosum of the penis?

A

Spongy urethra

43
Q

Where is the superficial perineal pouch located in men?

A

Lies below the perineal membrane

44
Q

What is contained within the superficial perineal pouch?

A

Bulb - corpus spongiosum, crura, corpus cavernosum

Associated muscles - bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus

45
Q

Outline the blood supply to the penis

A

DEEP ARTERIES OF PENIS

Internal iliac artery –> internal pudenal artery branches

46
Q

Outline blood supply to the scrotum

A

External iliac artery –> Internal pudenal artery and branches

47
Q

Lymph from scrotum and most of penis (not glans) drains to…

A

Superficial inguinal nodes in the superficial fascia of groin

48
Q

Lymph from testis drains to…

A

Lumbar nodes around abdominal aorta

Y3 Obs and Gynae Anatomy (7 decks)

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