Management in ENT Flashcards

1
Q

How long does acute pharyngitis normally last and what is the management?

A

3-4 days

supportive/analgesia

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2
Q

When should immediate antibiotic prescription be considered for tonsillitis?

A

patients with 3 or more condor criteria, very unwell, signs/symptoms of complications eg peritonsillar abscess

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3
Q

Peritonsillar abscess treatment?

A

same day hospital admission for aspiration and drainage
IV antibs such as benzylpenicillin
2 episodes indicate tonsillectomy

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4
Q

Glandular fever treatment?

A

analgesia, antipyretics, advice

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5
Q

What advice should glandular fever patients be given?

A

avoid contact sports for 6 weeks

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6
Q

Treatment of parapharyngeal abscess should focus on what?

A

ensure airway obstruction does not occur

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7
Q

Treatment of retropharyngeal abscess should focus on what?

A

emergency admission under ENT specialist (risk of airway compromise)
Airway care, drainage of abscess, IV antibiotics

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8
Q

Treatment of oral candida?

A

miconazole gel or nystatin for less severe

For severe infection: systemic treatment with fluconazole

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9
Q

Treatment for epiglottitis?

A

emergency referral for airway care

IV antibiotics

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10
Q

Treatment of scarlet fever?

A

antibiotics

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11
Q

Treatment for dipetheria?

A

IV benzylpenicillin (also refer)

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12
Q

Treatment of rhinitis?

A

allergen avoidance, antihistamine, topic steroids, then topical steroids AND antihistamine

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13
Q

Treatment of nasal polyps?

A

steroids

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14
Q

Treatment of nasal trauma?

A

manipulation under anaesthesia

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15
Q

Treatment of septal haematoma?

A

needs to be drained

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16
Q

Treatment of sinusitis?

A

Nasal decongestants, broad spectrum antibs, steam inhalations, inflammatory therapy
May need drainage of sinus - functional endoscopic sinus surgery

17
Q

Treatment of presbycusis?

A

hearing aids

18
Q

Acoustic neuroma treatment?

A

surgery difficult/often not necessary

19
Q

Treatment of OME?

A

surgical interventation: if below 3 = grommets, if over 3 = grommets and adenoidectomy

20
Q

Treatment of AOM?

A

80% resolve in 4 days without antibiotics

21
Q

Treatment of cholesteatoma?

A

mastoid surgery

22
Q

Treatment of mastoiditis?

A

hospitalization, antibiotics, myringotomy

23
Q

Treatment of bullous myringitis?

A

supportive treatment

24
Q

Treatment of barotrauma?

A

supportive

25
Treatment of otitis externa?
topical aural toilet | treatment depends on culture eg topical clotrimazole for aspergillus niger
26
If otitis externa is resistant to treatment, what may this suggest?
malignancy
27
Treatment of TMJ dysfunction?
NSAIDs eg diclofenac, stabilizing orthodontic occlusal prostheses, cognitive therapy
28
Treatment of vestibular neuronitis?
supportive with vestibular sedatives | generally self limiting
29
Treatment of pinna haematoma?
drainage quickly
30
Treatment of nasal polyps?
oral then topic steroids
31
Treatment of otosclerosis?
hearing aid and surgery fluoride cochlear implant