Managing threats to the biosphere Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is the most diverse and productive ecosystem?
Wetlands which are most threatened by urbanisation and economic development
What does UNEP promote?
UNEP promotes sustainable development and manage the earth’s atmosphere and biosphere
In 2016, it estimated that over the last 100 years wetlands have declined by __%
70%
When was the Ramsar convention?
It was in 1971 and it attempts to conserve wetlands
How many Ramsar sites are there globally?
There are 2200 ramsar sites that are now managed by national governments
What are wetlands like in the UK?
Wetlands are declining in the UK
What is the Montreal protocol?
It was signed in 1987 and aimed to adress the harmfal radiation that depletes the ozone layer
What are ODS?
Ozone depleting substances
What did the Montreal protocol state?
It stated that ODS must be phased out by 2000
Why was the Montreal protocol successful?
It was successful because there was little disputing of the evidence
The global risks of ODS were considered to be
widespread and immediate
The Montreal protocol has also resulted in a…
reduction in greenhouse gases and significant closing of holes in the ozone layer
Monitoring by NASA shows that levels of ODS have…
declined sharply since the peak of 1989
The global ozone layer should return to pre-1980 levels by…
2050
What is the water convention?
The water convention aims to protect the quantity, quality and sustainable use of trans boundry water sources by promoting cooperation between countries
What is CITES?
It is an international agreement between governments that aims to ensure that international trade does not threaten animal and plant specimen survival
How many species are protected by CITES?
35,000 species of flora and fauna
What is a limitation of CITES?
It has not been universally successful, because its enforcement has not been strict enough
