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ANTH 101 > Marriage and Family > Flashcards

Marriage and Family Flashcards

1
Q

Anthropological definition of marriage

A

Culturally defined relationship between a man and a woman from different families, which regulates sexual intercourse and provides for reproduction.

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2
Q

What is an endogamous marriage?

A

Marrying withing your group, Usually limited to religion

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3
Q

What is an exogamous marriage?

A

Marrying outside your group

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3
Q

What is a monogamous marriage?

A

A marriage containing only one spouse at a time

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4
Q

What is Polygyny?

A

One man with several wives

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5
Q

What is Group Marriage?

A

Several men and several women married to each other

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5
Q

What is Polyandry

A

One woman with several husbands

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6
Q

What is polygamy

A

Polygyny and Polyandry (multiple spouses)

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7
Q

Why do some groups prefer polygamous marriages?

A

Unbalanced sex ratio within the group

Multiple spouses are a source of wealth

Economic and Social benefits

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7
Q

Why do some groups prefer monogamous marriages?

A

Balanced sex ratio within the society

Wage Labour

Religious or Legally sanctioned

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8
Q

What is Brideprice, and which group is it common among.

A

In exchange for a spouse, the future husband and his family will compensate the bride’s family with material goods

This is common among Horticulturalists and Pastoralists

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8
Q

What is Post-Marital Exchanges? And what are types of it?

A

Defined: Providing an exchange for someone’s daughter

  1. Brideservice

2.Brideprice

3.Dowry System

4.Gift Exchange

  1. Sister exchange or daughter exchange
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9
Q

What is Brideservice? Which kind of group is this common among?

A

In exchange for the loss of the daughter, the future husband will provide a service for the bride’s family

Common among Foragers

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10
Q

What is the Dowry System? what group is this most common among?

A

The bride will receive part of her inheritance in advance to contribute to her new family (Could be money, furniture, livestock, etc)

In western society we see this since it’s common for the bride’s family to pay for the wedding

Daughters with bigger dowries get more potential suitors

Common among food producers

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10
Q

What is Sister exchange/ Daughter exchange

A

Trade in a sibling to marry someone from the family you desire to marry into

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11
Q

What is gift exchange ? What are two forms of it?

A

One form of exchange gives gifts to the bride and groom (Stuff to start a family/a new house)

Another form is the exchange of gifts between families of the bride and groom

12
Q

What is patrilocal?

A

The couple lives with the groom’s family

13
Q

What is matrilocal?

A

The couple lives with the bride’s family

14
Q

What is the importance of post-marital residence?

A

A question of inheritance really

Land being passed on, etc

Means they always will have people to look after them

15
Q

What is neolocal?

A

The couple lives independently of their families

16
Q

What is Ambilocal?

A

The couple has the choice between Matrilocal (Living with Bride’s family) or Patrilocal (Living with Groom’s family)

17
Q

What is Kinship ?

A

Refers to the relationships that are based on blood (Consanguineal relatives) or marriage (Affinal relatives)

17
Q

What is Bilocal? Which group is it most common among?

A

The married couple can choose between Matrilocal or Patrilocal but doesn’t have to be permanent

18
Q

Consanguineal meaning

A

Relative by blood, share ancestors, etc

18
Q

What is Avunculocal?

A

The couple lives with the groom’s mother’s brother.

19
Q

What are functions of Kinship and what do they do?

A

Vertical Function of kinship provides social continuity by binding together a number of successive generations
-Used to pass on education, tradition, poverty, and political office

Horizontal Function of kinship tens to solidify or tie together a society through the process of marriage
-Used to form alliances with other kinship groups

19
Q

What does Kinship determine?

A

Kinship determines lines of inheritance

Kinship determines social obligation

Kinship determines potential marriage partners

Kin play important economic, social, political and religious roles in most societies

20
Q

Affinal definition

A

Relative by marriage, in-laws, spouse, step siblings, etc

20
Q

What is Descent? What are the two other types of it?

A

Descent is the tracing of kinship relations through birth or relations with a parent or parents

1) Unilineal descent is a kinship system where the child is related by descent to only one parent (mother or father)

2) Bilineal Descent is a kinship system where the child is related by decent to both parents.

21
Q

What is kinship terminology?

A

Kinship terminology refers to kin terms used to describe biological and/or social relationships

(Aunt, son, grandma, etc)

ANTH 101 (15 decks)

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