Mastitis + Breast Abscess Flashcards Preview

MedED Year 3 Breast + Neck Lumps > Mastitis + Breast Abscess > Flashcards

Flashcards in Mastitis + Breast Abscess Deck (14)
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1
Q

Definition of mastitis?

A

Inflammation of the breast

2
Q

What can mastitis lead to if left untreated?

A

Breast abscess

3
Q

What is a breast abscess?

A

Collection of pus in the breast tissue due to infection

4
Q

What are the types of mastitis and how is it caused?

A

Lactational or non-lactational

- milk stasis/over-production

5
Q

Epidemiology and risk factors for mastitis?

A

15-45y/o

Breast-feeding
>30y/o smokers

6
Q

What is the most common pathogen causing mastitis and how does it do so?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

- enters through cracked skin e.g. nipple (e.g. after microtrauma from breast-feeding)

7
Q

Using SCTF method, what are the features of mastitis?

A

S - generalised swelling of the breast, inflamed overlying skin (nipple may be cracked)

C - redness, firm

T - very tender and uncomfortable, warm to touch

F - flu-like symptoms: fever, aches, chills, generally unwell

8
Q

How does non-lactational tend to present different to lactational?

A

With a Hx of previous infections

- with less pronounced systemic upset

9
Q

Investigations if a breast abscess if suspected?

A

USS
FNA + cytology of aspirate/nipple discharge
FBC + blood cultures (if evidence of systemic infection)

10
Q

Management of breast abscess?

A

Surgery + IV/oral ABx that act against methicillin-sensitive staph

11
Q

Investigations of mastitis?

A

Breast US
FNA
Cytology of aspirate/milk/nipple discharge

12
Q

Management of mastitis?

A

Lactational

  • milk removal (breast-feeding)
  • ABx + milk removal if severe/systemic symptoms

Non-lactational

  • empiric ABx
  • if MRSA detected, non-beta lactam antibiotic

Supportive care in all, may include analgesia

13
Q

Complications of breast abscess?

A

Mammary fistula

Overlying skin may undergo necrosis (rare)

14
Q

Prognosis of breast abscess?

A

Untreated - breast abscess may discharge onto skin surface

Non-lactational breast abscesses tend to re-occur