Matter and the Periodic Table

Question 1

Properties of gas 3

Answer 1

• no definite shaper or volume
• fluid
• particles spread apart and move in all directions

Question 2

properties of solid 3

Answer 2

• definite shape shape and volume
• particles closely packed
• particles vibrate

Question 3

crystalline solids 2

Answer 3

• made of crystals

- regular pattern

Question 4

amorphous solids

Answer 4

don’t have regular pattern

Question 5

properties of liquid 3

Answer 5

definite volume, not shape

• fluid
• particles packed tightly but can still move

Question 6

surface tension

Answer 6

inward pull among molecules that bring molecules on surface together

Question 7

viscosity

Answer 7

liquid’s resistance to flowing

Question 8

fluid

Answer 8

substance that flows

Question 9

sublimation

Answer 9

solid to gas

Question 10

deposition

Answer 10

gas to solid

Question 11

melting

Answer 11

solid to liquid

Question 12

freezing

Answer 12

liquid to solid

Question 13

evaporation

Answer 13

liquid to gas

Question 14

condensation

Answer 14

gas to liquid

Question 15

charles’ law

Answer 15

when the temp. go gas increases, volume of gas increases and vice versa

Question 16

boyle’s law

Answer 16

when pressure of gas increases, volume of gas decreases and vice versa

Question 17

mass number

Answer 17

sum of protons and neutrons in nucleus

Question 18

proton 3

Answer 18

• positive charge
• in nucleus
• same amount as electrons

Question 19

neutrons 3

Answer 19

• no charge
• in nucleus
• mass#-atomic#

Question 20

electrons 3

Answer 20

• negative charge
• travel around nucleus
• same amount as protons

Question 21

atomic number 2

Answer 21

• # of protons in nucleus

- identifies each element

Question 22

atomic mass 2

Answer 22

• aka atomic weight

- average sum of protons and neutrons

Question 23

isotope

Answer 23

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 24

period 2

Answer 24

• row on PT

- elements in same period have same number of energy levels

Question 25

shell 3

Answer 25

- energy levels, path electrons travel - increase every period - pattern: 2, 8, 8...

Question 26

group 2

Answer 26

- column on PT | - elements in same group have same number of valence electrons

Question 27

valence electrons

Answer 27

electrons in the outer shell

Question 28

hydrogen 2

Answer 28

- no family | - gas

Question 29

alkali metals 4

Answer 29

- group 1 - shiny - soft - very reactive

Question 30

alkaline earth metals2

Answer 30

- group 2 | - very reactive

Question 31

transition metals 3

Answer 31

- groups 3-12 - familiar metals - conductors

Question 32

boron family 3

Answer 32

- group 13 - named after boron - has metalloids and metals

Question 33

rare earth metals 2

Answer 33

- 30 rare elements | - lethanide and actinide series

Question 34

carbon family 3

Answer 34

- group 14 - includes all 3 types - carbon=basis of life

Question 35

nitrogen family 3

Answer 35

- group 15 - nitrogen=78%atmosphere - includes all 3 types

Question 36

oxygen family 3

Answer 36

- group 16 - oxygen=most abundant on earth - combines with almost all elements

Question 37

halogens 3

Answer 37

- group 17 - most reactive non metals - never found in nature

Question 38

noble gases 3

Answer 38

- group 18 - colorless, unreactive - found in small amounts

Question 39

metals 4

Answer 39

- shiny - durable - conductivity - reactivity decreases left to right

Question 40

nonmetals 2

Answer 40

- very reactive to unreactive | - can be all three states of matter

Question 41

metalloids 4

Answer 41

- characteristics of metals and nonmetals - hard - somewhat reactive - conduct electricity under certain conditions