Classification and Characteristics of Life

Question 1

classification

Answer 1

the systematic grouping of organisms into categories on the basis of evolutionary relationships or physical appearance

Question 2

taxonomy

Answer 2

the science of classification

Question 3

why do we classify

Answer 3

it helps us keep track of the millions of different living things on earth

Question 4

carolus linnaeus

Answer 4

father of taxonomy

Question 5

binomial nomenclature

Answer 5

two-word name of a species
Genus, species (italicized)
ex: homo sapiens for humans

Question 6

classification levels

Answer 6

7:
kingdom      King
phylum         Phillip
class            Came
order             Over
family             For
genus           Good
species           Soup

Question 7

Kingdoms

Answer 7

6:
eubacteria                even
archaebacteria         amy
protists                        prefers
fungi                          fewer
plants                         people
animals                      around

Question 8

grouping organisms into kingdoms is based on…

Answer 8

cell type
cell number
feeding type

Question 9

cell type

Answer 9

the presence or absence of cellular structures such as nucleus

prokaryotes: no nucleus or other organelles (ex: bacteria)
eukaryotes: nucleus and other organelles (ex: animals)

both have DNA

Question 10

cell number

Answer 10

number of cells in organism

unicellular: only one cell
multicellular: many cells

Question 11

feeding type

Answer 11

how organisms get their food

autotroph: (producer), makes own food
heterotroph: (consumer), must eat other organisms to survive

Question 12

pathogen

Answer 12

organism that causes infectious disease

Question 13

groups of pathogens

Answer 13

4:
bacteria
viruses
fungi
protists

Question 14

how bacteria is spread

Answer 14

4:
contaminated...
person
animal
object
food, water, soil

Question 15

body defense 1

Answer 15

barriers: skin, breathing passages, mouth and stomach

Question 16

body defense 2

Answer 16

inflammatory response: white blood cells cause fever, swelling

Question 17

body defense 3

Answer 17

immune response: t-cells and b-cells

t: attack and recognize pathogens
b: produces antibodies to kill pathogen

Question 18

antigen

Answer 18

proteins with unique chemical structures

Question 19

antibodies

Answer 19

proteins that destroy pathogens

Question 20

virus

Answer 20

type of pathogen that can only reproduce inside a living cell, can’t survive on its own

Question 21

viral reproductive process

Answer 21

1: inserted into host cell
2: exhorts DNA into cell making more viruses
3: new viruses released from cell

Question 22

vectors

Answer 22

how viruses are transmitted (airborne, food/water, bites)

Question 23

anterior

Answer 23

top or front

Question 24

posterior

Answer 24

behind or end

Question 25

dorsal

Answer 25

back

Question 26

ventral

Answer 26

bottom

Question 27

lateral

Answer 27

sides

Question 28

bilateral symmetry

Answer 28

if when cut from anterior or posterior the halves are equal

Question 29

radial symmetry

Answer 29

if when cut in half the resulting halves are not equal

Question 30

external anatomy of worm

Answer 30

segments to help move, clitellum to store eggs

Question 31

circulatory system of worm

Answer 31

lateral hearts, closed circulatory system

Question 32

digestive system of worm

Answer 32

1 2 3 4 5
esophagus crop gizzard intestine anus

Question 33

early life of frog

Answer 33

lives in water
gills
tadpole

Question 34

adult life of frog

Answer 34

lives on land
lungs
legs

Question 35

respiratory system of frog

Answer 35

young: gills
old: lungs

Question 36

circulatory system of frog

Answer 36

closed system with blood vessels

Question 37

digestive system of frog

Answer 37

small teeth, has liver

1 2 3 4 5 6
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
7
intestine, cloaca

Question 38

frog life cycle

Answer 38

adult frog–>eggs–>tadpole–>tadpole with legs–>young frog……

Question 39

metamorphosis

Answer 39

process in which an animal’s body undergoes dramatic changes in form during its life cycle

Question 40

amphibians and reptiles are

Answer 40

cold blooded